Download or read book Materials Fundamentals of Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Jeffrey Y. Tsao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technology of crystal growth has advanced enormously during the past two decades. Among, these advances, the development and refinement of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has been among the msot important. Crystals grown by MBE are more precisely controlled than those grown by any other method, and today they form the basis for the most advanced device structures in solid-state physics, electronics, and optoelectronics. As an example, Figure 0.1 shows a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser structure grown by MBE.* Provides comprehensive treatment of the basic materials and surface science principles that apply to molecular beam epitaxy* Thorough enough to benefit molecular beam epitaxy researchers* Broad enough to benefit materials, surface, and device researchers* Referenes articles at the forefront of modern research as well as those of historical interest

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics written by Santosh K. Upadhyay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-29 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics brings together the major facts and theories relating to the rates with which chemical reactions occur from both the macroscopic and microscopic point of view. This book helps the reader achieve a thorough understanding of the principles of chemical kinetics and includes: Detailed stereochemical discussions of reaction steps Classical theory based calculations of state-to-state rate constants A collection of matters on kinetics of various special reactions such as micellar catalysis, phase transfer catalysis, inhibition processes, oscillatory reactions, solid-state reactions, and polymerization reactions at a single source. The growth of the chemical industry greatly depends on the application of chemical kinetics, catalysts and catalytic processes. This volume is therefore an invaluable resource for all academics, industrial researchers and students interested in kinetics, molecular reaction dynamics, and the mechanisms of chemical reactions.

Download or read book Molecular Beams and Reaction Kinetics written by Società italiana di fisica and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Mohamed Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): From Research to Mass Production, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MBE research and applications in epitaxial growth, along with a detailed discussion and 'how to' on processing molecular or atomic beams that occur on the surface of a heated crystalline substrate in a vacuum. The techniques addressed in the book can be deployed wherever precise thin-film devices with enhanced and unique properties for computing, optics or photonics are required. It includes new semiconductor materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many that are at the advanced research stage. This second edition covers the advances made by MBE, both in research and in the mass production of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Enhancements include new chapters on MBE growth of 2D materials, Si-Ge materials, AIN and GaN materials, and hybrid ferromagnet and semiconductor structures. - Condenses the fundamental science of MBE into a modern reference, speeding up literature review - Discusses new materials, novel applications and new device structures, grounding current commercial applications with modern understanding in industry and research - Includes coverage of MBE as mass production epitaxial technology and how it enhances processing efficiency and throughput for the semiconductor industry and nanostructured semiconductor materials research community

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics and Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms written by Smiljko Asperger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The serious study of the reaction mechanisms of transition metal com plexes began some five decades ago. Work was initiated in the United States and Great Britain; the pioneers ofthat era were, inalphabetical order, F. Basolo, R. E. Connick, 1. O. Edwards, C. S. Garner, G. P.Haight, W. C. E. Higgision, E.1. King, R. G. Pearson, H. Taube, M.1. Tobe, and R. G. Wilkins.A larger community of research scientists then entered the field, many of them stu dents ofthose just mentioned. Interest spread elsewhere as well, principally to Asia, Canada, and Europe. Before long, the results ofindividual studies were being consolidated into models, many of which traced their origins to the better-established field of mechanistic organic chemistry. For a time this sufficed, but major revisions and new assignments of mechanism became necessary for both ligand sub stitution and oxidation-reduction reactions. Mechanistic inorganic chemistry thus took on a shape of its own. This process has brought us to the present time. Interests have expanded both to include new and more complex species (e.g., metalloproteins) and a wealth of new experimental techniques that have developed mechanisms in ever-finer detail. This is the story the author tells, and in so doing he weaves in the identities of the investigators with the story he has to tell. This makes an enjoyable as well as informative reading.

Download or read book Kinetics of Ordering and Growth at Surfaces written by Max G. Lagally and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Kinetics of Ordering and Growth at Surfaces", held in Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy, September 18-22, 1989. The workshop's goal was to bring together theorists and experimentalists from two related fields, surface science and thin-film growth, to highlight their common interests and overcome a lack of communication between these two communities. Typically surface scientists are only concerned with the microscopic (atomic) description of solids within one monolayer of the surface. Thin-film growers are usually considered more empirical in their approach, concerned primarily with the "quality of their product", and have not necessarily found it useful to incorporate surface science understanding into their art. This workshop aimed to counter at least in some measure these stereotypes. Its focus was on generating dialogue on the fundamental structural and kinetic processes that lead to the initial stages of film growth, from both the surface science and crystal growth perspectives. To achieve this, alternate days emphasized the view of surface science and thin-film growth, with considerable time for discussion, a format that appeared to succeed well. The success of the workshop is in large measure due to the efforts of the organizing committee, L. C. Feldman, P. K. Larsen, J. A. Venables, and J. Villain, whose advice on the constitution of the program was invaluable.

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism written by John W. Moore and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1981-09-30 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of a classic text originally by Frost and Pearson, that describes the fundamental principles and established practices that apply to the study and the rates and mechanisms of homogeneous chemical reactions in the gas phase and in solution. Incorporates new advances made during the past 20 years in the study of individual molecular collisions by molecular-beam, laser applications to experimental kinetics, theoretical treatments of reaction rates and our understanding of the principles that govern rates of reaction in solution. Presents numerous examples of the deduction of mechanism from experiment, including intimate details such as stereochemistry and the dependence of reaction pathway on the exact energy states of reacting particles.

Download or read book Molecular Beams written by Norman Ramsey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1956 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1956, this classic work by N.F. Ramsey, 1989 Nobel Laureate in Physics, provides an account of atomic and molecular structure. After an introductory section reviewing experimental apparatus and the kinds of quantities that can be measured, Ramsey provides comprehensive accounts of gas kinetics, chemical equilibria, and atomic and nuclear magnetic moments by nonresonance methods. He also provides tables of nuclear moments, as well as detailed accounts of nuclear and molecular interactions. Finally there are sections on atomic fine and hyperfine structure, and the design of experimental apparatus. The focus throughout is on the physics of beams composed of electrically neutral particles. As a seminal work by one of the world's leading scientists, this volume will interest students and researchers in a range of fields, including atomic physics, physical chemistry, spectroscopy, and biological chemistry.

Download or read book Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry written by Bretislav Friedrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.

Download or read book Principles of Chemical Kinetics written by Gorden Hammes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Chemical Kinetics is devoted to the principles and applications of chemical kinetics. The phenomenology and commonly used theories of chemical kinetics are presented in a critical manner, with particular emphasis on collision dynamics. How and what mechanistic information can be obtained from various experimental approaches is stressed throughout this book. Comprised of nine chapters, this text opens with an overview of reaction rates and their empirical analysis, along with theories of chemical kinetics. The following chapters consider reactions and unimolecular decompositions in the gas phase; chemical reactions in molecular beams; and energy transfer and partitioning in chemical reactions. Kinetics in liquid solutions and fast reactions in liquids are also described. The final chapter looks at the kinetics of enzymes, with particular reference to steady state and transient state kinetics, the pH and temperature dependence of kinetic parameters, and the mechanism underlying enzymatic action. This monograph is intended for students with a general college background in chemistry, physics, and mathematics, and with a typical undergraduate course in physical chemistry.

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics and Transport written by Peter Jordan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book began as a program of self-education. While teaching under graduate physical chemistry, I became progressively more dissatisfied with my approach to chemical kinetics. The solution to my problem was to write a detailed set of lecture notes which covered more material, in greater depth, than could be presented in undergraduate physical chemistry. These notes are the foundation upon which this book is built. My background led me to view chemical kinetics as closely related to transport phenomena. While the relationship of these topics is well known, it is often ignored, except for brief discussions of irreversible thermody namics. In fact, the physics underlying such apparently dissimilar processes as reaction and energy transfer is not so very different. The intermolecular potential is to transport what the potential-energy surface is to reactivity. Instead of beginning the sections devoted to chemical kinetics with a discussion of various theories, I have chosen to treat phenomenology and mechanism first. In this way the essential unity of kinetic arguments, whether applied to gas-phase or solution-phase reaction, can be emphasized. Theories of rate constants and of chemical dynamics are treated last, so that their strengths and weaknesses may be more clearly highlighted. The book is designed for students in their senior year or first year of graduate school. A year of undergraduate physical chemistry is essential preparation. While further exposure to chemical thermodynamics, statistical thermodynamics, or molecular spectroscopy is an asset, it is not necessary.

Download or read book Reaction Kinetics written by P G Ashmore and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. Fro over 90 years The Royal Society of chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic, and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.

Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Heterostructures written by L.L. Chang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) and Heterostructures" was held at the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture, Erice, Italy, on March 7-19, 1983, the second course of the International School of Solid-State Device Re search. This volume contains the lectures presented at the Institute. Throughout the history of semiconductor development, the coupling between processing techniques and device structures for both scientific investigations and technological applications has time and again been demonstrated. Newly conceived ideas usually demand the ultimate in existing techniques, which often leads to process innova tions. The emergence of a process, on the other hand, invariably creates opportunities for device improvement and invention. This intimate relationship between the two has most recently been witnessed in MBE and heterostructures, the subject of this Institute. This volume is divided into several sections. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction by providing a perspective of the subject. This is followed by two sections, each containing four chapters, Chapters 2-5 addressing the principles of the MBE process and Chapters 6-9 describ ing its use in the growth of a variety of semiconductors and heteros tructures. The next two sections, Chapters to-II and Chapters 12-15, treat the theory and the electronic properties of the heterostructures, respectively. The focus is on energy quantization of the two dimensional electron system. Chapters 16-17 are devoted to device structures, including both field-effect transistors and lasers and detec tors.

Download or read book Introduction To Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics written by Giuseppe Tomassetti and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-09-07 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics is devoted to the theory and phenomenology of supersonic molecular beams. The book describes the main physical idea and mathematical methods of the gas dynamics of molecular beams, while the detailed derivation of results and equations is accompanied by an explanation of their physical meaning.The phenomenology of supersonic beams can appear complex to those not experienced in supersonic gas dynamics and the few existing reviews on the topic generally presume specific knowledge of the subject. The book begins with a quantitative description of the fundamental laws of gas dynamics and goes on to explain such phenomena. It analyzes the evolution of the gas jet from the continuum to the regime of almost free collisions between molecules, and includes numerous figures, illustrations, tables and references./a

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics written by and published by Krishna Prakashan Media. This book was released on with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemistry in Two Dimensions written by Gabor A. Somorjai and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics Fundamentals and Recent Developments written by Evgeny Denisov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-05-23 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential resource for understanding how photography works and how to solve the many problems photographers face when learning this trade. It deals with the fundamental principles upon which the photographic process is based and presents the principles in a practical manner. The new edition of this classic text has been updated to include a new chapter on Digital Imaging. This important addition covers, in depth, everything photographers need to know in order to be completely up-to-date on the digital aspects of photography. This book is heavily illustrated with helpful photographs and line.