Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration Neuroprotection and Regeneration in Neurological Disorders written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration, Neuroprotection, and Regeneration in Neurological Disorders presents readers with comprehensive and cutting-edge information on the neurochemical mechanisms of various types of neurological disorders. The book covers information on signal transduction processes associated with neurochemistry of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative, neurotraumatic, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The book also discusses risk factors, symptoms, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and the potential treatments of neurological disorders. The comprehensive information in this monograph may not only help in early detection of various neurological disorders, but will also promote the discovery of new drugs. Provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular aspects of neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, and neuro-regeneration, along with therapeutic strategies for various types of neurological disorders Provides cutting-edge research information on the signal transduction processes associated with the neurochemistry of neurological disorders Discusses risk factors, symptoms, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and the potential for treatments of neurological disorders

Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2011-01-26 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Neurodegenerative diseases are a complex heterogeneous group of diseases associated with site-specific premature and slow death of certain neuronal populations in brain and spinal cord tissues. For example, in Alzheimer disease, neuronal degeneration occu"

Download or read book Molecular Diagnostics in the Detection of Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Megha Agrawal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-07-04 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegeneration is characterized by the progressive loss of neural tissue that result in various neurodegeneration-initiated cerebral failures and complex diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease. All these medical conditions are accompanied by the disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is an interface, separating the brain from the circulatory system and protecting the central nervous system from potentially harmful chemicals while regulating transport of essential molecules and maintaining a stable environment. Owing to the inability of the neurons to regenerate on their own after neurodegeneration or severe damage to the neural tissue, neurodegenerative disorders do not have natural cures on their own. Neuroregeneration is a viable way to curb neurodegeneration. One of the current approaches is stem cell-based therapy that has been shown to be potentially helpful for the application of neuronal cell replacement for neuroregeneration. It is vital that the neurodegenerative disorder being detected at an early stage as it can provide a chance for treatment that may be helpful to prevent further progression of the fatal disease. Thus, research has focused on developing effective non-invasive diagnostic methods for early detection of these disorders. Molecular diagnostics can provide a powerful method to detect and diagnose various neurological disorders. Such diagnosis can enhance early detection, provide subsequent medical counsel based on medical pathway, as well as to gain better insight of neurogenesis and hopefully eventual cure of the neurodegenerative diseases. With research reports, reviews, mini-reviews and commentary, this research topic covers a wide range of areas in neurodegeneration research, including diagnosis and prognosis; regulating central nervous system; biomarkers and brain injury induced neurobehavioral outcomes among other timely reports on neurodegeneration.

Download or read book Neurochemical Aspects of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collectively, neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by chronic and progressive loss of neurons in discrete areas of the brain, producing debilitating symptoms such as dementia, loss of memory, loss of sensory or motor capability, decreased overall quality of life eventually leading to premature death. Two types of cell death are known to occur during neurodegeneration: (a) apoptosis and (b) necrosis. The necrosis is characterized by the passive cell swelling, intense mitochondrial damage with rapid loss of ATP, alterations in neural membrane permeability, high calcium influx, and disruption of ion homeostasis. This type of cell death leads to membrane lysis and release of intracellular components that induce inflammatory reactions. Necrotic cell death normally occurs at the core of injury site. In contrast, apoptosis is an active process in which caspases (a group of endoproteases with specificity for aspartate residues in protein) are stimulated. Apoptotic cell death is accompanied by cell shrinkage, dynamic membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, DNA laddering, loss of phospholipids asymmetry, low ATP levels, and mild calcium overload. This type of cell death normally occurs in penumbral region at the ischemic injury site and in different regions in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Download or read book Neuronal Degeneration and Regeneration From Basic Mechanisms to Prospects for Therapy written by F.W. Van Leeuwen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-11-09 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of the 20th International Summer School in Brain Research, organized in August 1997 in Amsterdam, by the Netherlands Institute for Brain Research at the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences. It is the first book that provides a complete overview of the field of neurodegeneration and regeneration including spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases and therapy. Divided into five sections, the first two sections give an overview of fundamental research on nerve cell death, neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth and guidance. Extensive attention is given to the role of neurotrophins, their receptor tyrosine kinases and cell-adhesion molecules in development and regeneration of the nervous system. The third section of the book is devoted to research involving human neurodegenerative diseases and emerging treatment strategies. Section four focusses on recent advances in the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases along with prion diseases. Novel insights into the neuropathological hallmarks of these diseases, as well as into transgenic animal models, the involvement of environmental factors, and genomic and mRNA changes that can cause neurodegeneration. The final section of this volume reveals recent developments in the use of cell and gene therapy to treat neurodegenerative disease and lesion-related deficits. Implantation of genetically modified cells, direct gene transfer with viral vectors and the first clinical trials with encapsulated genetically modified cells in patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral scelerosis are examples of new therapeutic strategies treating neurodegenerative diseases. The book is of particular interest to departments of neuroscience, neurological clinics and departments, the pharmalogical industry and medical libraries.

Download or read book Brain Damage and Repair written by T. Herdegen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book builds a novel bridge from molecular research to clinical therapy. This approach reveals the functional features of neurons and glia in the particular context of vulnerability and self-protection, intracellular properties and extracellular matrix. Arising from this platform, this volume unfolds the molecular and systemic processes underlying migration disorders, axonal injury, repair and regeneration.

Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Nagehan Ersoy Tunalı and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases represent a very large group of heterogeneous disorders affecting specific subtypes of neurons in the brain. This book contributes insight both to the awareness of the brain and its neurodegenerative states. The chapters present current knowledge regarding genetics, molecular mechanisms, and new therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative disorders. The book is intended to serve as a source to aid clinicians and researchers in the field, and also life science readers to increase their understanding and awareness of the clinical correlations, genetic aspects, neuropathological findings, and current therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases. I believe that this book will enlighten the curiosity for neurodegeneration and also encourage researchers to work on potentially effective molecular therapies for still mysterious neurodegenerative disorders.

Download or read book Natural Products and Neuroprotection written by Cristina Angeloni and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are the most common pathologies of the central nervous system currently without a cure. They share common molecular and cellular characteristics, including protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate toxicity, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and ageing, which contribute to neuronal death. Efforts to treat these diseases are often limited by their multifactorial etiology. Natural products, thanks to their multitarget activities, are considered promising alternatives for the treatment of neurodegeneration. This book deals with two different forms of natural products: extracts and isolated compounds. The study of the bioactivity of the extracts is extremely important as many studies have demonstrated the synergistic effect of the combination of different natural products. On the other hand, the investigation of the activity of specifically isolated natural products can be also important to understand their cellular and molecular mechanisms and to define the specific bioactive components in extracts or foods. This book can be considered an important contribution to knowledge of the neuroprotective effect of natural products and presents a great deal of information, related to both the benefits but also the limitations of their use in counteracting neurodegeneration.

Download or read book Neuroinflammation Resolution and Neuroprotection in the Brain written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroinflammation, Resolution, and Neuroprotection in the Brain discusses the molecular aspects of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders. The book examines the effect of diet and exercise on neuroinflammatory diseases. Chapters focus on bioactive lipids, cytokines and chemokines, as well as the involvement of neuroinflammation, resolution and neuroprotection in neurotraumatic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric diseases. The comprehensive information in this monograph will help readers understand molecular cross-talk among mediators of phospholipid, sphingolipid and cholesterol metabolism. The book's goal is to jumpstart more studies on molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic aspects of neurological disorders in human subjects. Discusses the molecular aspects of neuroinflammation, resolution and neuroprotection Examines the role of diet and exercise on neuroinflammatory diseases Provides cutting-edge research on signal transduction processes Explores the treatment of neurological disorders caused by neuroinflammation

Download or read book Neuroprotection written by Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroprotection is a strategy to prevent or delay the progression of chronic neurodegenerative diseases, acute neurological disorders, or even mental disorders. The major aim of this book is to focus on different approaches to achieve neuroprotection. In this book, there are chapters discussing imidazoline ligands and opioid ligands in Alzheimer's disease, the beneficial effects of adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists modulating microglial responses, and different approaches to achieve neuroprotection against aging-associated macular degeneration. This book will give insights to scientists in the field to stimulate their research, medical professionals to review their clinical practices, and others who would like to learn more about different neuroprotective approaches.

Download or read book Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders written by Tahira Farooqui and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-02 with total page 913 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytochemicals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds found in edible fruits, plants, vegetables, and herbs. Unlike vitamins and minerals, phytochemicals are not needed for the maintenance of cell viability, but they play a vital role in protecting neural cells from inflammation and oxidative stress associated with normal aging and acute and chronic age-related brain diseases. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the advances in our understanding of the potential neuroprotective benefits that these naturally occurring chemicals contain. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the role that a number of plant-based chemical compounds play in a wide variety of neurological disorders. Chapters explore the impact of phytochemicals on neurotraumatic disorders, such as stroke and spinal cord injury, alongside neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. The chapters and sections of this book provide the reader with a big picture view of this field of research. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders aims to present readers with a comprehensive and cutting edge look at the effects of phytochemicals on the brain and neurological disorders in a manner useful to researchers, neuroscientists, clinical nutritionists, and physicians.

Download or read book Neuroprotection written by Mathias Bähr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first book to cover model systems, molecular mechanisms and clinical trials all in one volume internationally renowned scientists and clinicians provide a comprehensive treatment of neuroprotective strategies for all important neurological disorders. Following an overview of neurodegenerative, traumatic, and ischemic disorders, the book goes on to cover in vitro and animal model systems as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms. An extremely helpful analysis of clinical studies explains reasons for their success and failure, and the whole is rounded off with a look at the current challenges and hopes for the development of effective treatment strategies in the future.

Download or read book The Molecular Basis for Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Daniel Offen and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive atrophy and dysfunction of anatomically or physiologically related neurologic systems. There are several common features of neurodegenerative disorders. They are mostly chronic, progressive and start due to the death of specific neuronal populations in the central nerve system (CNS). The distinct clinical phenotypes are generally linked to neuronal loss and often associated with aging. These disorders might share common pathogenetic mechanisms such as intracytoplasmic or intranuclear inclusions in neurons or glia which are linked to the intracellular deposition of abnormal misfolded protein aggregates. The upsurge in longevity is accelerating. The Baby Boomers turned 60 in 2006, and are part of the rapid growth in the aging population in the United States and worldwide. Nearly 36 million people in the United States are aged 65 or older, and life expectancy at birth has reached 77.5 years compared with 3 million in 1900 with life expectancy of 47.3. Most notable is the growth in the population of individuals age 85 and older when neurodegenerative diseases are prevalent. Indeed, these disorders affect increasing populations and it is estimated, for example, that around 4.5 million Alzheimer's patients are living in the United States. In this book, we focus on the major and most common neurodegenerative disorders namely, Alzheimer s (AD), Parkinson s diseases (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), Huntington s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We also included the less common, but clinically and scientifically most interesting occurrance, the prion diseases. In addition to the description of the pathophysiology and the molecular basis of the inherited and sporadic phenomena we tried to illustrate the common basis for this range of clinical conditions. One of the shared histological features of many neurodegenerative diseases is the accumulation of misfolded proteins. The aggregated proteins, such as alpha-synuclein and synphilin-1 in PD, and beta-amyloid (Ab) and tau in AD affect neuronal connectivity and plasticity, and trigger cell death signaling pathways. The inclusions observed in PD are called Lewy bodies and are found mostly in the cytoplasm. AD brains show intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which contain tau, and extracellular plaques, which contain Ab. Other illnesses with inclusions are Huntington s (polyQ), ALS, and prion diseases. The intra- or extracellular protein aggregates are thought to accumulate in the brain as a result of a decrease in molecular chaperone or proteasome activities which are used as cellular quality control systems. In fact, several mutations that disturb the activity of molecular chaperones or the ubiquitin-proteasome system associated enzymes, can cause neurodegeneration. It has been suggested that either genetic mutations or an increase in nitrosative/oxidative stress can facilitate protein aggregation. A growing body of evidence indicates that neurodegenerative processes in general, are associated with oxidative stress. These data lead to the convincing idea that several neurological disorders may be prevented and/or cured by antioxidant properties. Therefore, one of the chapters review some aspects related to the role of antioxidants in neurodegenerative diseases. The emerging concept of regenerative medicine holds great promise for the numerous patients suffering from various ailments of the nervous system. The last chapter focuses on the adult stem cells residing in the bone marrow being a possible remedy for some of the nervous system diseases. Whether through cell replacement, cell restoration or gene delivery, bone marrow stem cells allow physicians to perform autologous cell transplantation, thus avoiding immune rejection, a major obstacle of cellular therapy.

Download or read book Natural Products and Neuroprotection written by Cristina Angeloni and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are the most common pathologies of the central nervous system currently without a cure. They share common molecular and cellular characteristics, including protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate toxicity, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and ageing, which contribute to neuronal death. Efforts to treat these diseases are often limited by their multifactorial etiology. Natural products, thanks to their multitarget activities, are considered promising alternatives for the treatment of neurodegeneration. This book deals with two different forms of natural products: extracts and isolated compounds. The study of the bioactivity of the extracts is extremely important as many studies have demonstrated the synergistic effect of the combination of different natural products. On the other hand, the investigation of the activity of specifically isolated natural products can be also important to understand their cellular and molecular mechanisms and to define the specific bioactive components in extracts or foods. This book can be considered an important contribution to knowledge of the neuroprotective effect of natural products and presents a great deal of information, related to both the benefits but also the limitations of their use in counteracting neurodegeneration.

Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Elio Scarpini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an overview of the current knowledge on the most common neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and additional neurodegenerative diseases. Different aspects of each disease are reviewed, including clinical issues, treatments, basic discoveries (genetics and molecular biology), and translation of basic research into biomarkers for early diagnosis. In addition, emerging data indicate that neurodegeneration seems to also be present in classically non-degenerative disorders. Therefore, a chapter about overlapping mechanisms between dementias and psychiatric disorders is included, as well as a description of the role of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. Neurodegenerative Diseases is aimed at clinicians, particularly those working in academic hospitals. This multidisciplinary book will also be of interest to basic researchers in medical fields.

Download or read book Emerging Strategies in Neuroprotection written by Manangos and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-04-29 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SOLOMON H. SNYDER Receptor Research Reaches Neurology: Relevance to Neurodegenerative Diseases and Stroke President George Bush has heralded the 1990s as the decade of the brain, based largely on the rapid escalation of advances in the molecular neuro sciences and the likelihood that these will bear therapeutic fruit before the turn of the century. There is little doubt that the 1970s and 1980s have witnessed more remarkable advances in the molecular neurosciences than all of the preceding hundred years. Identification of receptor sites for drugs and neurotransmitters along with simple, sensitive, and specific means of monitoring them has made it possible to elucidate the mechanism of action for many known drugs and to identify new chemical entities as potential therapeutic agents. At the same time, the numbers of distinct neurotrans mitters have multiplied. Prior to 1970 only the biogenic amines were well accepted as transmitters. The early 1970s witnessed the gradual acceptance of amino acids as major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Identification of opiate receptors and the subsequent identification of the enkephalins as their endogenous ligands led to an appreciation of peptides as putative transmitters and the accumulation of as many as a hundred neuropeptides by the decade's end. In the 1980s the revolutions of molecular biology have been applied aggressively to the neurosciences with molecular cloning for neuropeptide precursors, many important neurochemical en zymes, and receptors for numerous transmitters.

Download or read book The Handbook of Neuroprotection written by Kewal K. Jain and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised edition explores the management of neurological disorders with a focus on neuroprotection, disease modification, and neuroregeneration rather than symptomatic treatment. Since the publication of the first edition, advances in biotechnology, particularly in cell and gene therapies, are reflected in this volume, as are numerous new and repurposed drugs in clinical trials. Overall, The Handbook of Neuroprotection serves as a comprehensive review of neuroprotection based on knowledge of the molecular basis of disorders of the central nervous system. In-depth and authoritative, The Handbook of Neuroprotection, Second Edition features a compendium of vital knowledge aimed at providing researchers with an essential reference for this key neurological area of study.