Download or read book Calculation and Computation in the Pre electronic Era written by Aristotle Tympas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although it is popularly assumed that the history of computing before the second half of the 20th century was unimportant, in fact the Industrial Revolution was made possible and even sustained by a parallel revolution in computing technology. An examination and historiographical assessment of key developments helps to show how the era of modern electronic computing proceeded from a continual computing revolution that had arisen during the mechanical and the electrical ages. This unique volume introduces the history of computing during the “first” (steam) and “second” (electricity) segments of the Industrial Revolution, revealing how this history was pivotal to the emergence of electronic computing and what many historians see as signifying a shift to a post-industrial society. It delves into critical developments before the electronic era, focusing on those of the mechanical era (from the emergence of the steam engine to that of the electric power network) and the electrical era (from the emergence of the electric power network to that of electronic computing). In so doing, it provides due attention to the demarcations between—and associated classifications of—artifacts for calculation during these respective eras. In turn, it emphasizes the history of comparisons between these artifacts. Topics and Features: motivates exposition through a firm historiographical argument of important developments explores the history of the slide rule and its use in the context of electrification examines the roles of analyzers, graphs, and a whole range of computing artifacts hitherto placed under the allegedly inferior class of analog computers shows how the analog and the digital are really inseparable, with perceptions thereof depending on either a full or a restricted view of the computing process investigates socially situated comparisons of computing history, including the effects of a political economy of computing (one that takes into account cost and ownership of computing artifacts) assesses concealment of analog-machine labor through encasement (“black-boxing”) Historians of computing, as well as those of technology and science (especially, energy), will find this well-argued and presented history of calculation and computation in the mechanical and electrical eras an indispensable resource. The work is a natural textbook companion for history of computing courses, and will also appeal to the broader readership of curious computer scientists and engineers, as well as those who generally just have a yearn to learn the contextual background to the current digital age. "In this fascinating, original work, Tympas indispensably intertwines the histories of analog and digital computing, showing them to be inseparable from the evolution of social and economic conditions. " Prof. David Mindell, MIT
Download or read book Principles and Practice of Modern Chromatographic Methods written by Kevin Robards and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practice of Modern Chromatographic Methods, Second Edition takes a comprehensive, unified approach in its presentation of chromatographic techniques. Like the first edition, the book provides a scientifically rigid, but easy-to-follow presentation of chromatography concepts that begins with the purpose and intent of chromatographic theory - the "what and why that are left out of other books attempting to cover these principles. This fully revised second edition brings the content up-to-date, covering recent developments in several new sections and an additional chapter on composite methods. New topics include sample profiling, sample preparation, sustainable green chemistry, 2D chromatography, miniaturization/nano-LC, HILIC, and more. - Contains thorough chapters that begin with an updated schematic overview and a visual representation of the content - Avoids the obfuscation of different terminologies and classification systems that are prevalent in the area, such as the relationship between liquid chromatography and column chromatography - Provides integrated and comprehensive topic coverage based on chromatographic bibliometrics and survey reports on the relative usage of chromatographic techniques
Download or read book Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint written by Felix Klein and published by Cosimo, Inc.. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the mathematician Felix Klein first went to university, he was surprised at just how little what he had learned up to that point was relevant to his new studies. Professors had their own interests, and these they conveyed without regard for the math students of the future that these prospective secondary schoolteachers would one day instruct. Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint was written to help remedy that problem. Though highly regarded as one of the finest mathematical minds of his day, Professor Klein took a great deal of interest in guiding teachers and "reducing the gap between the school and the university." Readers will come away impressed at the clarity of Klein's writing, and the ease with which he conveys complex mathematical ideas. Divided into three parts-arithmetic, algebra, and analysis-and covering such topics as complex numbers, real equations, and logarithmic and exponential functions, Klein's classic is essential reading for math instructors and students planning to become math instructors. German mathematician FELIX KLEIN (1849-1925), a great teacher and scientific thinker, significantly advanced the field of mathematical physics and made a number of profound discoveries in the field of geometry. His published works include Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint: Geometry and Famous Problems of Elementary Geometry.
Download or read book The Values of Precision written by M. Norton Wise and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1997-04-06 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This finite study examines how exactitude has come to occupy such a prominent place in Western culture. Beginning with the late 18th century and continuing into the 20th, the essays here support the view that centralizing states and large-scale commercial enterprises have long been the major promoters of numerical precision. Photos & illus.
Download or read book The London Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Direct Numerical Calculation of Elliptic Functions and Integrals written by Louis Vessot King and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calculating the Weather written by Frederik Nebeker and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-05-18 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the course of this century, meteorology has become unified, physics-based, and highly computational. Calculating the Weather: Meteorology in the 20th Century explains this transformation by examining thevarious roles of computation throughout the history of meteorology, giving most attention to the period from World War I to the 1960s. The electronic digital computer, a product of World War II, led to great advances in empirical, theoretical, and practical meteorology. At the same time, the use of the computer led to the discovery of so-called"chaotic systems,"and to the recognition that there may well be fundamental limits to predicting the weather.One of the very few books covering 20th century meteorology, this text is an excellent supplement to any course in general meteorology, forecasting, or history of science.Key Features* Provides a narrative account of the growth of meteorology in the 20th century* Explains how forecasting the weather became a physics-based science* Studies the impact of the computer on meteorology and thus provides an example of science transformed by the computer* Describes three traditions in meteorology:* The empirical tradition of gathering data and making inferences* A theoretical tradition of explaining atmospheric motions by means of the laws of physics* The practical tradition of predicting the weather* Analyzes the increasing role of calculation within each of the traditions and explains how electronic digital computers made possible many connections between traditions
Download or read book Accountants Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 1594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essential Methods of Instrumental Analysis written by Frank M. Dunnivant and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-09-11 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intuitively organized textbook aligned to common analytical instrumentation courses for undergraduate students Through an analytical approach, Essential Methods of Instrumental Analysis provides an expansive overview of common instruments and methods and their applications for undergraduate students, integrating experimental protocols with real result examples to deliver a well-rounded understanding of the inner workings of the instruments and enabling students to evaluate the success of their experiments and create scientific figures. In addition to detailed coverage of specific instruments, the book discusses analytical laboratory practices, instrument maintenance, statistics, and real-world lab experiments with previous student results. Each analytical method section includes extensive sample preparation information, rather than a simple stand-alone chapter offering generic discussions not connected to specific methods. This book conveniently organizes content by analyte class (inorganic and organic) in a way that is intuitive to a student and aligned with relevant courses. Ancillaries including .mp4 videos, instructor PowerPoint slides, and animations are included on a companion website. Written by an experienced professor and tested and refined over years in his courses since 2008, Essential Methods of Instrumental Analysis includes information on sample topics such as: Proper laboratory protocols for analytical instrumentation, covering chemical reagents, glassware, calibration techniques, and figures of merit Optical physics, covering the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with instrument components and sample molecules, relaxation processes, reflection, diffraction, dispersion, and refraction Flame atomic absorption and flame emission spectrometry, covering optical radiation sources, mirrors, choppers, burner heads, and doppler broadening Gas and liquid chromatography, covering gaseous, liquid, soil-sediment, and biological samples, analyte recovery, chromatography theory, injectors, columns and ovens, common detectors, and mass spectrometers Focusing on contrasts and comparisons across multiple types of instruments in a way distinct from similar texts, Essential Methods of Instrumental Analysis is an essential textbook for students in advanced undergraduate courses in related programs of study.
Download or read book Measurement Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook written by John G. Webster and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 1921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of the bestselling Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook brings together all aspects of the design and implementation of measurement, instrumentation, and sensors. Reflecting the current state of the art, it describes the use of instruments and techniques for performing practical measurements in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences and discusses processing systems, automatic data acquisition, reduction and analysis, operation characteristics, accuracy, errors, calibrations, and the incorporation of standards for control purposes. Organized according to measurement problem, the Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement volume of the Second Edition: Contains contributions from field experts, new chapters, and updates to all 98 existing chapters Covers sensors and sensor technology, time and frequency, signal processing, displays and recorders, and optical, medical, biomedical, health, environmental, electrical, electromagnetic, and chemical variables A concise and useful reference for engineers, scientists, academic faculty, students, designers, managers, and industry professionals involved in instrumentation and measurement research and development, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition: Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement provides readers with a greater understanding of advanced applications.
Download or read book Modern Instruments in Chemical Analysis written by Frank Moody Biffen and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement written by Stephen A. Dyer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-07 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-depth coverage of instrumentation and measurement from the Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering The Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement features 97 articles selected from the Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, the one truly indispensable reference for electrical engineers. Together, these articles provide authoritative coverage of the important topic of instrumentation and measurement. This collection also, for the first time, makes this information available to those who do not have access to the full 24-volume encyclopedia. The entire encyclopedia is available online-visit www.interscience.wiley.com/EEEE for more details. Articles are grouped under sections devoted to the major topics in instrumentation and measurement, including: * Sensors and transducers * Signal conditioning * General-purpose instrumentation and measurement * Electrical variables * Electromagnetic variables * Mechanical variables * Time, frequency, and phase * Noise and distortion * Power and energy * Instrumentation for chemistry and physics * Interferometers and spectrometers * Microscopy * Data acquisition and recording * Testing methods The articles collected here provide broad coverage of this important subject and make the Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement a vital resource for researchers and practitioners alike
Download or read book A Manual of Operation for the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator written by and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1985 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the Mark I itself was a milestone in digital computing, so was this Manual: it was one of the first publications to address the fundamental question of how to get a computer to solve problems.
Download or read book Modern NMR Techniques for Chemistry Research written by A.E. Derome and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an introduction to modern NMR methods at a level suited to organic and inorganic chemists engaged in the solution of structural and mechanistic problems. The book assumes familiarity only with the simple use of proton and carbon spectra as sources of structural information and describes the advantages of pulse and Fourier transform spectroscopy which form the basis of all modern NMR experiments. Discussion of key experiments is illustrated by numerous examples of the solutions to real problems. The emphasis throughout is on the practical side of NMR and the book will be of great use to chemists engaged in both academic and industrial research who wish to realise the full possibilities of the new wave NMR.
Download or read book Digital and Analogue Instrumentation written by Nihal Kularatna and published by IET. This book was released on 2003 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial update of his earlier IEE book, Modern Electronic Test and Measuring Instruments, the author provides a state-of-the art review of modern families of digital instruments. For each family he covers internal design, use and applications, highlighting their advantages and limitations from a practical application viewpoint.The book also treats new digital instrument families such as DSOs, Arbitrary Function Generators, FFT analysers and many other common systems used by the test engineers, designers and research scientists.
Download or read book Manual for Measuring Occupational Electric and Magnetic Field Exposures written by Joseph D. Bowman and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers written by and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 1222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
