Download or read book Modelling the Phoneme written by F. H. Kortland and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling the phoneme written by F. H. H. Kortlandt and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sound structure and sound change written by Rebecca Morley and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in linguistics, as in most other scientific domains, is usually approached in a modular way – narrowing the domain of inquiry in order to allow for increased depth of study. This is necessary and productive for a topic as wide-ranging and complex as human language. However, precisely because language is a complex system, tied to perception, learning, memory, and social organization, the assumption of modularity can also be an obstacle to understanding language at a deeper level. This book examines the consequences of enforcing non-modularity along two dimensions: the temporal, and the cognitive. Along the temporal dimension, synchronic and diachronic domains are linked by the requirement that sound changes must lead to viable, stable language states. Along the cognitive dimension, sound change and variation are linked to speech perception and production by requiring non-trivial transformations between acoustic and articulatory representations. The methodological focus of this work is on computational modeling. By formalising and implementing theoretical accounts, modeling can expose theoretical gaps and covert assumptions. To do so, it is necessary to formally assess the functional equivalence of specific implementational choices, as well as their mapping to theoretical structures. This book applies this analytic approach to a series of implemented models of sound change. As theoretical inconsistencies are discovered, possible solutions are proposed, incrementally constructing a set of sufficient properties for a working model. Because internal theoretical consistency is enforced, this model corresponds to an explanatorily adequate theory. And because explicit links between modules are required, this is a theory, not only of sound change, but of many aspects of phonological competence. The book highlights two aspects of modeling work that receive relatively little attention: the formal mapping from model to theory, and the scalability of demonstration models. Focusing on these aspects of modeling makes it clear that any theory of sound change in the specific is impossible without a more general theory of language: of the relationship between perception and production, the relationship between phonetics and phonology, the learning of linguistic units, and the nature of underlying representations. Theories of sound change that do not explicitly address these aspects of language are making tacit, untested assumptions about their properties. Addressing so many aspects of language may seem to complicate the linguist's task. However, as this book shows, it actually helps impose boundary conditions of ecological validity that reduce the theoretical search space.
Download or read book Modelling the Phoneme New Trends in East European Phonemic Theory written by F. H. H. Kortlandt and published by Hague : Mouton. This book was released on 1972 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling the phoneme new trends in East European phonemic theory written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pronunciation Models written by Adam Brown and published by NUS Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most books on pronunciation teaching deal extensively with methodology, while giving insufficient attention to the prior questions of the model being used. This book discusses the what rather than the how. It examines critically the kinds of pronunciation model in use in ELT, in particular the Received Pronunciation accent, and shows that they are unsatisfactory in several respects. Various criteria for models are investigated, especially the concepts of intelligibility, identity, and functional load. The importance of features of the phonological system of English is assessed against these criteria, so that priorities are established for pronunciation models. This book is important reading for English language teachers, applied linguists, ELT textbook writers, language planners, speech therapists, and anyone involved in the instruction of the spoken form of English.
Download or read book Modelling the phoneme new trends in East European phonenic theory written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Prosodic Model of Sign Language Phonology written by Diane Brentari and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superior to any other book on the subject that I have seen. I can see it being used as a class text or reference for current theory in sign language phonology.Carol A. Padden, Department of Communication, University of California
Download or read book Phonology in Perception written by Paul Boersma and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review text: "This volume contains exciting and potentially valuable new contributions that attempts to expand our understanding of the role of phonology and phonetics in speech perception. This volume has much to contribute for not just linguistics, but psycholinguistics more generally, and so concepts contained in this volume should form the basis of many discussions in future speech perception studies."Andrew Blyth in: Linguist List 21.3465.
Download or read book Abstract Phonology in a Concrete Model written by Tore Nesset and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-09-25 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is relevant for phonologists, morphologists, Slavists and cognitive linguists, and addresses two questions: How can the morphology-phonology interface be accommodated in cognitive linguistics? Do morphophonological alternations have a meaning? These questions are explored via a comprehensive analysis of stem alternations in Russian verbs. The analysis is couched in R.W. Langacker's Cognitive Grammar framework, and the book offers comparisons to other varieties of cognitive linguistics, such as Construction Grammar and Conceptual Integration. The proposed analysis is furthermore compared to rule-based and constraint-based approaches to phonology in generative grammar. Without resorting to underlying representations or procedural rules, the Cognitive Linguistics framework facilitates an insightful approach to abstract phonology, offering the important advantage of restrictiveness. Cognitive Grammar provides an analysis of an entire morphophonological system in terms of a parsimonious set of theoretical constructs that all have cognitive motivation. No ad hoc machinery is invoked, and the analysis yields strong empirical predictions. Another advantage is that Cognitive Grammar can identify the meaning of morphophonological alternations. For example, it is argued that stem alternations in Russian verbs conspire to signal non-past meaning. This book is accessible to a broad readership and offers a welcome contribution to phonology and morphology, which have been understudied in cognitive linguistics.
Download or read book Phonological Development written by Charles Albert Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hierarchical Neural Network Structures for Phoneme Recognition written by Daniel Vasquez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, hierarchical structures based on neural networks are investigated for automatic speech recognition. These structures are mainly evaluated within the phoneme recognition task under the Hybrid Hidden Markov Model/Artificial Neural Network (HMM/ANN) paradigm. The baseline hierarchical scheme consists of two levels each which is based on a Multilayered Perceptron (MLP). Additionally, the output of the first level is used as an input for the second level. This system can be substantially speeded up by removing the redundant information contained at the output of the first level.
Download or read book Laboratory Phonology 7 written by Carlos Gussenhoven and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of recent papers in Laboratory Phonology approaches phonological theory from several different empirical directions. Psycholinguistic research into the perception and production of speech has produced results that challenge current conceptions about phonological structure. Field work studies provide fresh insights into the structure of phonological features, and the phonology-phonetics interface is investigated in phonetic research involving both segments and prosody, while the role of underspecification is put to the test in automatic speech recognition.
Download or read book The Oxford History of Phonology written by B. Elan Dresher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive history of phonology from the earliest known examples of phonological thinking, through the rise of phonology as a field in the twentieth century, and up to the most recent advances. The volume is divided into five parts. Part I offers an account of writing systems along with chapters exploring the great ancient and medieval intellectual traditions of phonological thought that form the foundation of later thinking and continue to enrich phonological theory. Chapters in Part II describe the important schools and individuals of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who shaped phonology as an organized scientific field. Part III examines mid-twentieth century developments in phonology in the Soviet Union, Northern and Western Europe, and North America; it continues with precursors to generative grammar, and culminates in a chapter on Chomsky and Halle's The Sound Pattern of English (SPE). Part IV then shows how phonological theorists responded to SPE with respect to derivations, representations, and phonology-morphology interaction. Theories discussed include Dependency Phonology, Government Phonology, Constraint-and-Repair theories, and Optimality Theory. The part ends with a chapter on the study of variation. Finally, chapters in Part V look at new methods and approaches, covering phonetic explanation, corpora and phonological analysis, probabilistic phonology, computational modelling, models of phonological learning, and the evolution of phonology. This in-depth exploration of the history of phonology provides new perspectives on where phonology has been and sheds light on where it could go next.
Download or read book Phonology and Language Use written by Joan Bybee and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-02-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A research perspective that takes language use into account opens up new views of old issues and provides an understanding of issues that linguists have rarely addressed. Referencing new developments in cognitive and functional linguistics, phonetics, and connectionist modeling, this book investigates various ways in which a speaker/hearer's experience with language affects the representation of phonology. Rather than assuming phonological representations in terms of phonemes, Joan Bybee adopts an exemplar model, in which specific tokens of use are stored and categorized phonetically with reference to variables in the context. This model allows an account of phonetically gradual sound change which produces lexical variation, and provides an explanatory account of the fact that many reductive sound changes affect high frequency items first. The well-known effects of type and token frequency on morphologically-conditioned phonological alterations are shown also to apply to larger sequences, such as fixed phrases and constructions, solving some of the problems formulated previously as dealing with the phonology-syntax interface.
Download or read book The Psychology of Language written by Trevor A. Harley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2001 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive study of the psychology of language explores how we speak, read, remember, learn and understand language. The author examines each of these aspects in detail.
Download or read book Phonological Skills and Learning to Read written by Usha Goswami and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out to integrate recent exciting research on the precursors of reading and early reading strategies adopted by children in the classroom. It aims to develop a theory about why early phonological skills are crucial in learning to read, and shows how phonological knowledge about rhymes and other units of sound helps children learn about letter sequences when beginning to be taught to read. The authors begin by contrasting theories which suggest that children's phonological awareness is a result of the experience of learning to read and those that suggest that phonological awareness precedes, and is a causal determinant of, reading. The authors argue for a version of the second kind of theory and show that children are aware of speech units, called onset and rime, before they learn to read and spell. An important part of the argument is that children make analogies and inferences about these letter sequences in order to read and write new words.
