Download or read book Modelling Control and Planning of Microgrids for Power Quality Assurance written by Ameen Yazdavar and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis considers power quality improvement for microgrids penetrated with nonlinear loads at two levels: 1) at the device level, which is carried out through the distributed generators' (DGs') controllers on a decentralized basis; and 2) at the system level, in the microgrid planning, taking into account the specific features of microgrids, including the lack of a slack bus, droop-based operation of some DGs, and necessity of voltage support provision. Moreover, given that modelling is an inherent part of power quality studies, the thesis focuses on modelling at two levels: 1) at the device level, in the modelling of nonlinear loads and generators that are commonly used in microgrids; and 2) at the system level, in developing a harmonic power flow algorithm suitable for islanded microgrids to quantify the flow of harmonics as well as voltage distortions. One of the microgrid basic control objectives is to uniformly distribute the loads among different the DGs. For nonlinear loads, their non-fundamental powers should also be evenly shared along with active and reactive powers. The sharing of nonlinear loads among the DGs is always a trade-off between accuracy and voltage quality. The first research point considers a virtual harmonic conductance for each harmonic, as a family of droop characteristics in terms of conductance versus current. Assigning a variable conductance for each harmonic current improves DGs' controllability, thus offering accurate nonlinear load sharing, which is crucial at the near-rated loading, in addition to enhancing the voltage quality. The proposed method also unveils a tuning methodology for the droop characteristics that sets a maximum permissible value for each individual harmonic to comply with international standards. Lastly, a hybrid voltage and current control system is suggested to accurately track the DGs' harmonic conductances designated by the proposed droop characteristics. While the proposed algorithm is capable of accurately distributing common nonlinear loads among DGs, it also enjoys the advantage of supplying local nonlinear loads by their dedicated DGs. As the second research point, the thesis presents a planning platform that simultaneously determines the locations and sizes of DGs and capacitor banks (CBs) for isolated microgrids with a high penetration of nonlinear loads. The proliferation of nonlinear loads along with the capacitors of CBs or DGs' output filters that are distributed throughout microgrids may cause quasi-resonance and severe voltage distortions. Because these issues are affected by the locations and sizes of DGs and CBs, a harmonic analysis should be considered in the planning. For that purpose, a harmonic power flow tool tailored for planning applications is developed that takes into consideration the specific features of isolated microgrids. Given the necessity of supply continuity for isolated microgrids following a contingency, and the fact that frequency and voltage provision cannot be provided by renewable DGs, a reliability constraint has been added to the planning algorithm. This constraint increases the probability of building successful islands, and results in a better distribution of dispatchable DGs throughout microgrids. Developing an effective harmonic power flow tool requires fast and accurate calculations of the harmonics generated by nonlinear elements. As the third research point, the thesis presents a time domain-based method for obtaining all steady-state characteristic and non-characteristic harmonics generated by three-phase diode bridge rectifiers, under unbalanced and distorted supply. The developed model is generic and able to address both continuous- and discontinuous-conduction modes with a single formulation. By introducing a virtual resistance on the rectifier's DC side, the model is extended to accommodate any DC-side filter. Further, a unique analytical Jacobian matrix is developed to guarantee a quadratic convergence for the iterative part of the proposed method. The effectiveness of the proposed method for harmonic analysis is confirmed through a comparative evaluation with time-domain simulations using PSCAD/EMTDC. As the fourth research point, the thesis proposes an accurate harmonic power flow algorithm for islanded microgrids, taking into account their specific features, i.e., the droop-based operation of DGs, lack of a slack bus and the fact that islanded microgrids are based on voltage-controlled DGs. The algorithm is a sequential one that repeats fundamental and harmonic power flow algorithms in sequence until convergence is achieved. The fundamental power flow takes into account the fact that islanded microgrids are formed based on voltage-controlled DGs, as well as the droop-based operation of these DGs. On the other hand, the harmonic power flow is based on Nodal analysis in which the microgrid's nonlinear loads constitute its current source vector and the rest of the elements are modelled within its admittance matrix. The model used for nonlinear loads considers the mutual interactions of different harmonics. The model for voltage-source-converter interfaced DGs is based on a transfer function technique, and allows incorporating different control layers. The effectiveness of the control algorithm has been proven through comparative studies with time domain simulations.

Download or read book Microgrids written by Josep M. Guerrero and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgrids: Modeling, Control, and Applications presents a systematic elaboration of different types of microgrids, with a particular focus on new trends and applications. The book includes sections on AC, DC and hybrid AC/DC microgrids and reflects state-of-the-art developments, covering theory, algorithms, simulations, error and uncertainty analysis, as well as novel applications of new control techniques. Offering a valuable resource for students and researchers working on the integration of renewable energy with existing grid and control of microgrids, this book combines recent advances and ongoing research into a single informative resource. The book highlights recent findings while also analyzing modelling and control, thus making it a solid reference for researchers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students. Covers different types of microgrids and their architecture and control in a single book Includes original, state-of-the-art research contributions by international experts Features global case studies for better understanding and real-life examples

Download or read book Microgrid Dynamics and Control written by Hassan Bevrani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses relevant microgrid technologies in the context of integrating renewable energy and also addresses challenging issues. The authors summarize long term academic and research outcomes and contributions. In addition, this book is influenced by the authors’ practical experiences on microgrids (MGs), electric network monitoring, and control and power electronic systems. A thorough discussion of the basic principles of the MG modeling and operating issues is provided. The MG structure, types, operating modes, modelling, dynamics, and control levels are covered. Recent advances in DC microgrids, virtual synchronousgenerators, MG planning and energy management are examined. The physical constraints and engineering aspects of the MGs are covered, and developed robust and intelligent control strategies are discussed using real time simulations and experimental studies.

Download or read book Modeling and Control Dynamics in Microgrid Systems with Renewable Energy Resources written by Ramesh C. Bansal and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-11-23 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling and Control Dynamics in Microgrid Systems with Renewable Energy Resources looks at complete microgrid systems integrated with renewable energy resources (RERs) such as solar, wind, biomass or fuel cells that facilitate remote applications and allow access to pollution-free energy. Designed and dedicated to providing a complete package on microgrid systems modelling and control dynamics, this book elaborates several aspects of control systems from classical approach to advanced techniques based on artificial intelligence. It captures the typical modes of operation of microgrid systems with distributed energy storage applications like battery, flywheel, electrical vehicles infrastructures that are integrated within microgrids with desired targets. More importantly, the techno-economics of these microgrid systems are well addressed to accelerate the process of achieving the SDG7 i.e., affordable and clean energy for all (E4ALL). This reference presents the latest developments including step by step modelling processes, data security and standards protocol for commissioning of microgrid projects, making this a useful tool for researchers, engineers and industrialists wanting a comprehensive reference on energy systems models. Includes simulations with case studies and real-world applications of energy system models Detailed systematic modeling with mathematical analysis is covered Features possible operating scenarios with solutions to the encountered issues

Download or read book Microgrid Planning and Design written by Hassan Farhangi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to microgrid systems architecture, design topologies, control strategies and integration approaches Microgrid Planning and Design offers a detailed and authoritative guide to microgrid systems. The authors - noted experts on the topic - explore what is involved in the design of a microgrid, examine the process of mapping designs to accommodate available technologies and reveal how to determine the efficacy of the final outcome. This practical book is a compilation of collaborative research results drawn from a community of experts in 8 different universities over a 6-year period. Microgrid Planning and Design contains a review of microgrid benchmarks for the electric power system and covers the mathematical modeling that can be used during the microgrid design processes. The authors include real-world case studies, validated benchmark systems and the components needed to plan and design an effective microgrid system. This important guide: Offers a practical and up-to-date book that examines leading edge technologies related to the smart grid Covers in detail all aspects of a microgrid from conception to completion Explores a modeling approach that combines power and communication systems Recommends modeling details that are appropriate for the type of study to be performed Defines typical system studies and requirements associated with the operation of the microgrid Written forgraduate students and professionals in the electrical engineering industry, Microgrid Planning and Design is a guide to smart microgrids that can help with their strategic energy objectives such as increasing reliability, efficiency, autonomy and reducing greenhouse gases.

Download or read book Microgrid Architectures Control and Protection Methods written by Naser Mahdavi Tabatabaei and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents intuitive explanations of the principles of microgrids, including their structure and operation and their applications. It also discusses the latest research on microgrid control and protection technologies and the essentials of microgrids as well as enhanced communication systems. The book provides solutions to microgrid operation and planning issues using various methodologies including planning and modelling; AC and DC hybrid microgrids; energy storage systems in microgrids; and optimal microgrid operational planning. Written by specialists, it is filled in innovative solutions and research related to microgrid operation, making it a valuable resource for those interested in developing updated approaches in electric power analysis, design and operational strategies. Thanks to its in-depth explanations and clear, three-part structure, it is useful for electrical engineering students, researchers and technicians.

Download or read book Model Predictive Control of Microgrids written by Carlos Bordons and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book shows how the operation of renewable-energy microgrids can be facilitated by the use of model predictive control (MPC). It gives readers a wide overview of control methods for microgrid operation at all levels, ranging from quality of service, to integration in the electricity market. MPC-based solutions are provided for the main control issues related to energy management and optimal operation of microgrids. The authors present MPC techniques for case studies that include different renewable sources – mainly photovoltaic and wind – as well as hybrid storage using batteries, hydrogen and supercapacitors. Experimental results for a pilot-scale microgrid are also presented, as well as simulations of scheduling in the electricity market and integration of electric and hybrid vehicles into the microgrid. in order to replicate the examples provided in the book and to develop and validate control algorithms on existing or projected microgrids. Model Predictive Control of Microgrids will interest researchers and practitioners, enabling them to keep abreast of a rapidly developing field. The text will also help to guide graduate students through processes from the conception and initial design of a microgrid through its implementation to the optimization of microgrid management. Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.

Download or read book Microgrids written by Qobad Shafiee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-01-04 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgrids Presents microgrid methodologies in modeling, stability, and control, supported by real-time simulations and experimental studies Microgrids: Dynamic Modeling, Stability and Control, provides comprehensive coverage of microgrid modeling, stability, and control, alongside new relevant perspectives and research outcomes, with vital information on several microgrid modeling methods, stability analysis methodologies and control synthesis approaches that are supported by real-time simulations and experimental studies for active learning in professionals and students alike. This book is divided into two parts: individual microgrids and interconnected microgrids. Both parts provide individual chapters on modeling, stability, and control, providing comprehensive information on the background, concepts, and architecture, supported by several examples and corresponding source codes/simulation files. Communication based control and cyber security of microgrids are addressed and new outcomes and advances in interconnected microgrids are discussed. Summarizing the outcome of more than 15 years of the authors’ teaching, research, and projects, Microgrids: Dynamic Modeling, Stability and Control covers specific sample topics such as: Microgrid dynamic modeling, covering microgrid components modeling, DC and AC microgrids modeling examples, reduced-order models, and model validation Microgrid stability analysis, covering stability analysis methods, islanded/grid connected/interconnected microgrid stability Microgrids control, covering hierarchical control structure, communication-based control, cyber-resilient control, advanced control theory applications, virtual inertia control and data-driven control Modeling, analysis of stability challenges, and emergency control of large-scale interconnected microgrids Synchronization stability of interconnected microgrids, covering control requirements of synchronous microgrids and inrush power analysis With comprehensive, complete, and accessible coverage of the subject, Microgrids: Dynamic Modeling, Stability and Control is the ideal reference for professionals (engineers, developers) and students working with power/smart grids, renewable energy, and power systems, to enable a more effective use of their microgrids or interconnected microgrids.

Download or read book Microgrid Methodologies and Emergent Applications written by Chengshan Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-02 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgrid Methodologies and Applications provides step-by-guide guidance on the implementation of microgrids projects that is informed by current scientific principles, emergent technologies such as modern power electronic interfaces, energy storage systems, multi-vector energy systems, and a close study of recent case studies. Addressing the full end-to-end microgrid project lifecycle, the work encompasses planning, design, operation, control, trading and evaluation, with a significant focus on novel business model, regulation and policy considerations. The book explains to readers how they can operationalize robust microgrids which account for engineering reality, uncertainties, and operating constraints. It delivers precise and rigorous real case studies for project managers, designers and policy and decision-makers. The methodologies section provides step-by-step guidance on implementing projects for postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners, while the applications section provides an array of demonstrative ‘case studies which exemplify the use of optimal methods and leading-edge technologies. Provides step-by-step guidance on the design, operation, control, trading and evaluation of microgrid projects Demystifies real-world project experience through the evaluation of successful case studies, novel data analysis and comprehensive evaluation rather than cumbersome mathematical formulations Combines theoretical and practical insights, serving to bridge gaps between theory and engineering operations, control and decision-making Reviews state-of-the-art topics including business models, trading strategies, pricing, regulatory standards and policy recommendations poised to profoundly affect local energy transitions and utilization of microgrids

Download or read book Handbook on Microgrids for Power Quality and Connectivity written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgrids are poised to play a big role in the electricity ecosystem of the future—with decarbonization, digitalization, decentralization, and non-wires solutions being key attributes. This handbook serves as a guide to evaluate the feasibility of microgrid systems in enhancing power supply quality and connectivity. It includes information about on-grid microgrids for urban and industrial applications, prevailing business models, and emerging trends that could shape the future of this sector.

Download or read book The Economics of Microgrids written by Amin Khodaei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-10-04 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE ECONOMICS OF MICROGRIDS An incisive and practical exploration of the engineering economics of microgrids In The Economics of Microgrids, a pair of distinguished researchers delivers an expert discussion of the microeconomic perspectives on microgrids in the context of low-carbon, sustainable energy delivery. In the book, readers will explore an engineering economics framework on the investment decisions and capital expenditure analyses required for an assessment of microgrid projects. The authors also examine economic concepts and models for minimizing microgrid operation costs, including the cost of local generation resources and energy purchases from main grids to supply local loads. The book presents economic models for the expansion of microgrids under load and market price uncertainties, as well as discussions of the economics of resilience in microgrids for optimal operation during outages and power disturbances. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to the engineering and economics of microgrids Comprehensive explorations of microgrid planning under uncertainty Practical discussions of microgrid expansion planning, operations management, and renewable energy integration Fulsome treatments of asset management and resilience economics in microgrids Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers studying power system design, The Economics of Microgrids will also benefit professionals working in the power system industry and government regulators and policymakers with an interest in microgrid technologies and infrastructure.

Download or read book Small Signal Stability Modelling and Optimization of Microgrids written by Simon Eberlein and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stability of power systems and microgrids is compromised by the increasing penetration with power electronic devices, such as wind turbines, photovoltaics and batteries. A simulation and optimization environment for such low-inertia systems is created. It is investigated how accurate the models need to be to capture the prevailing modes. An evolutionary algorithm tailored to optimization problems with computationally intensive fitness evaluation is proposed in order to optimized the controller parameters of grid-forming and grid-supporting distributed generators. It becomes apparent that microgrids dominated by grid-forming inverters are very stable systems when well-designed and optimized controllers are used. Model simplifications, such as the neglect of inner control loops of inverters, must be examined carefully, as they can lead to an inaccurate stability assessment.

Download or read book Microgrid Technologies written by C. Sharmeela and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgrid technology is an emerging area, and it has numerous advantages over the conventional power grid. A microgrid is defined as Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and interconnected loads with clearly defined electrical boundaries that act as a single controllable entity concerning the grid. Microgrid technology enables the connection and disconnection of the system from the grid. That is, the microgrid can operate both in grid-connected and islanded modes of operation. Microgrid technologies are an important part of the evolving landscape of energy and power systems. Many aspects of microgrids are discussed in this volume, including, in the early chapters of the book, the various types of energy storage systems, power and energy management for microgrids, power electronics interface for AC & DC microgrids, battery management systems for microgrid applications, power system analysis for microgrids, and many others. The middle section of the book presents the power quality problems in microgrid systems and its mitigations, gives an overview of various power quality problems and its solutions, describes the PSO algorithm based UPQC controller for power quality enhancement, describes the power quality enhancement and grid support through a solar energy conversion system, presents the fuzzy logic-based power quality assessments, and covers various power quality indices. The final chapters in the book present the recent advancements in the microgrids, applications of Internet of Things (IoT) for microgrids, the application of artificial intelligent techniques, modeling of green energy smart meter for microgrids, communication networks for microgrids, and other aspects of microgrid technologies. Valuable as a learning tool for beginners in this area as well as a daily reference for engineers and scientists working in the area of microgrids, this is a must-have for any library.

Download or read book Sustainable Power Systems written by Nava Raj Karki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-10 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with quantifying and analyzing the risks associated with sustainable energy technology growth in electric power systems, and developing appropriate models and methodologies to mitigate the risks and improve the overall system performance. The rapid increase in the installation of renewable energy sources in electric power systems has given rise to a wide range of problems related to planning and operation of power systems to maintain quality, stability, reliability and efficiency. Additionally, there is a growing global environmental concern regarding increasing emissions from the electric power generation required to meet rising energy needs and support sustainable and inclusive development. The phenomenon of low voltage ride through (LVRT), common to wind energy systems, is discussed, and ways to tackle the same are proposed in the first chapter. Subsequent chapters propose methods of optimizing a sustainable and smart microgrid, and supplying electricity to remote areas of a developing country with no immediate possibility of national grid extension. The economic benefit and technical challenges of forming localized minigrid are also discussed. The book proposes a method for reliability assessment of a power grid with sustainable power transportation system. The issue of weak link in power system is very important as it will provide the system operators and planners to take necessary measures to strengthen the system. An approach to determine the weak parts of the system and its unreliability is proposed. With increasing installation of HVDC power transmission and development of efficient and low cost power electronic devices, the DC microgrids are becoming a common phenomenon. Their existence together with AC Grids result in Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids, which are discussed in this book. It further presents a method for reliability evaluation of a distribution system with network reconfiguration in the presence of distributed generation. The important problems in sustainable energy growth, and their potential solutions discussed and presented in the book should be of great interest to engineers, policy makers, researchers and academics in the area of electric power engineering.

Download or read book Power System Frequency Control written by Dillip Kumar Mishra and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power System Frequency Control: Modeling and Advances evaluates the control schemata, secondary controllers, stability improvement methods, optimization considerations, microgrids, multi-microgrids, and real-time validation required to model and analyze the dynamic behavior of frequency in power systems. Chapters review a range of advanced modeling and analytical considerations for single to multi-area networks using traditional and hybrid sources, including renewable sources, FACT devices and storage. The work also considers broad aspects of upstream and downstream control mechanisms which enable novel solutions in the area of automatic generation control in power system networks. Highly recommended for power system engineers, researchers and practitioners with interests in load frequency control, automatic generation control, linearized models of isolated microgrid, and multi-microgrid, and hybrid LFC scheme, this book is an ideal resource on the topics discussed. Explains the function and purpose of power network frequency loops, including primary control, secondary control and emergency control loops Models LFC schemes from single-area to multi-area interconnected power systems Demonstrates five fundamental controller designs alongside their main error principles Evaluates dynamic response analysis with transient performance stated for modern indices Discusses performance studies such as state-space modeling, random loading, sensitivity and stability analyses

Download or read book Model Predictive Control for Microgrids written by Jiefeng Hu and published by Energy Engineering. This book was released on 2021-09 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model predictive control (MPC) is a method for controlling a process while satisfying a set of constraints. The use of MPC for controlling power systems has been gaining traction in recent years. This work presents the use of MPC for distributed renewable power generation in microgrids.

Download or read book Microgrid Protection and Control written by Dehua Zheng and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgrid Protection and Control is the result of numerous research works and publications by R&D engineers and scientists of the Microgrid and Energy Internet Research Centre. Through the authors long-routed experience in the microgrid and energy internet industry, this book looks at the sophisticated protection and control issues connected to the special nature of microgrid. The book explains the different ways of classifying types of microgrids and common misconceptions, looking at industrial and research trends along with the different technical issues and challenges faced with deploying microgrid in various settings. Forecasting short-term demand and renewable generation for optimal operation is covered with techniques for accurate enhancement supported with practical application examples. With chapters on dynamic, transient and tertiary control and experimental and simulation tests this reference is useful for all those working in the research, engineering and application of microgrids and power distribution systems. Contains practical examples to support the research and experimental results on microgrid protection and control Includes detailed theories and referential algorithms Provides innovative solutions to technical issues in protection and control of microgrids