Download or read book Modelling and Control of Three way Catalytic Converters written by Theophil Sebastian Auckenthaler and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.

Download or read book Modelling and Model based Control of a Three way Catalytic Converter written by Mario Balenovic and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Global Reaction Mechanism for Transient Simulations of Three way Catalytic Converters written by Raoul Holder and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Oxygen storage dominated three way catalyst modeling written by Jeremias Bickel and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to achieve optimal emission performance of a modern three-way catalyst (TWC) under transient engine operating conditions is to maintain an optimal oxidation state of the oxygen storage material inside the washcoat of the catalyst. This work demonstrates how simplified kinetic models can be developed that allow for accurately predicting the oxygen storage level under dynamic operation.

Download or read book Nonlinear Dynamic Modelling and Identification of a Three way Catalytic Converter written by Michail I. Soumelidis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly stringent automotive exhaust emissions legislation demands both advanced catalyst control for super ultra low emission vehicle (SULEV) requirements, and close monitoring of catalyst performance. Modem monitoring and control strategies for three-way catalysts (TWC) are usually based on simplified oxygen storage models. Because such control-oriented models need to be simple in structure, they often fail to capture significant dynamic phenomena that take place inside the TWC. Although several extended oxygen storage models have been recently proposed, often compromising their original simple structure, most of them still appear incomplete. In the study presented in this thesis, the limitations of a conventional control-oriented TWC model, based on the dynamics of oxygen storage, were first investigated. Model validation tests, based on an extensive range of experimental data, suggest that inclusion of the basic kinetics of the governing TWC reactions in some form can be beneficial during the modelling process. A simple chemical model was developed to assist the identification process. The model proved to be accurate and robust in estimating the oxygen storage process and predicting the post-catalyst concentrations of some of the main exhaust gas components. Nonlinear modelling and identification techniques were then employed in order to explore alternative means of modelling the strongly nonlinear dynamic behaviour of TWCs. The polynomial NARMAX model was selected to describe the TWC dynamic system and both its structure and parameters were identified in real-time. Validation tests demonstrated the superior performance of the NARMAX model compared to the oxygen storage model, in predicting the post-catalyst air-fuel ratio (AFR) over a wide range of operating conditions. A nonlinear catalyst model was finally proposed, incorporating four NARMAX models, each optimised for local prediction. The chemical model was ' used to identify the current operating region and select the appropriate local model for prediction. The proposed dynamic model is simple in structure, only requires knowledge of the upstream/downstream AFR values, and could form the basis of an on-board catalyst monitoring and control system.

Download or read book Automobile Catalytic Converters written by Kathleen C. Taylor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of catalytic converters for the purification of automotive exhaust gases is a relatively new technology which was brought into existence by social pressures for the preservation of acceptable environmental conditions. The majority of catalytic practitioners have been able to watch the growth of this technology from its inception to its current state of sophistication. Automotive catalytic converter technology is now in a mature state, and this chapter from Vol. 5 Catalysis: Science and Technology by Dr. K. C. Taylor provides a review which covers both the process chemistry and the most important converter design factors. Contents 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Emission Regulations in the United States. 3. Exhaust Emission Characteristics. . 3 4. 1981 Emission Control Technology. 5 A. Converters. . . 5 B. Control System. 7 8 ~. Catalyst Screening . 6. Laboratory Testing. .10 7. The Chemical Reactions 13 8. Composition of Three-Way Catalysts. 16 A. Rhodium 17 21 B. Platinum. C. Palladium 22 D. Iridium . 22 23 E. Ruthenium and Nickel. F. Cerium Oxide ..... 23 G. Search for Alternatives to Nohle Metals 24 9. Catalyst Supports . 25 A. Pellets .... 26 B. Monoliths . . 26 10. The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts 27 II. Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts. 35 A. Thermal Effects. . . . 35 B. Phosphorus Poisoning. . . 37 C. Lead Poisoning. . . . . . · 38 D. Catalyst Poisoning by Sulfur · 40 12. The 0.4 NO,; Research Objective. · 41 13. Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions.

Download or read book Modeling and Model based Control of a Three way Catalytic Converter written by Mario Balenović and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emission Control Modeling written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of papers from the 2001 SAE World Congress, held March 5-8 in Detroit, Michigan. Papers cover a range of computer modeling applications to emissions systems design. Topics covered include heat management, fluid flow modeling (1D as well as 3D), durability analysis, muffler and catalyst performance, and integration of emission systems to engine performance and control. Paper topics are: microkinetics modeling of catalytic converters; on a model-based control of a three-way catalytic converter; an integrated powertrain (IPT) model - stage 2, systems integration, supervisory control and simulation of emissions control technology; 1D unsteady flows with chemical reactions in the exhaust duct-system of SI engines - predictions and experiments; a modular numerical simulation tool predicting catalytic converter light-off by improved modeling of thermal management and conversion characteristics; the solution for steady state temperature distribution in monolithic catalytic converters; optimum gas design and durability analysis of catalytic converter assembly; numerical analysis of the exhaust gas flow and heat transfer in a close-coupled catalytic converter system during warm-up; and three-dimensional numerical study on the pulsating flow inside an automotive muffler with complicated flow path.

Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-21 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines (ICE) still have potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. In order to fully exploit the remaining margins, increasingly sophisticated control systems have to be applied. This book offers an introduction to cost-effective model-based control-system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed and solutions for selected feedforward and feedback control-problems are presented. The discussions concerning pollutant emissions and fuel economy of ICE in automotive applications constantly intensified since the first edition of this book was published. Concerns about the air quality, the limited resources of fossil fuels and the detrimental effects of greenhouse gases exceedingly spurred the interest of both the industry and academia in further improvements. The most important changes and additions included in this second edition are: restructured and slightly extended section on superchargers, short subsection on rotational oscillations and their treatment on engine test-benches, complete section on modeling, detection, and control of engine knock, improved physical and chemical model for the three-way catalytic converter, new methodology for the design of an air-to-fuel ratio controller, short introduction to thermodynamic engine-cycle calculation and corresponding control-oriented aspects.

Download or read book Modelling of Catalytic Converter Dynamics written by Evangelos Gonatas and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Control oriented Modeling of Three way Catalyst Temperature Via Projection based Model Order Reduction written by Zhaoxuan Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal management of aftertreatment devices is nowadays becoming a critical requirement to comply with the stringent emission standards. A recent challenge in aftertreatment control and diagnostics is the need to monitor the temperature distribution along the entire length of the catalyst, rather than relying on a single-point measurement. To this extent, this work focuses on the development and validation of a control-oriented, physics-based Three Way Catalytic Converter (TWCC) model for the purpose of real-time thermal monitoring. Starting from the governing equations in Partial Differential Equation (PDE) form, a model order reduction technique that combines Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and Collocation is developed. The sensitivity of the selection of the empirical basis functions is studied. To include the exothermic effect of chemical reactions, an Articial Neural Network is trained. To study the accuracy of the reduced order model, two high-fidelity models using Finite Difference Method and commercial simulation software GT-Power are developed. The reduced order model executes much faster than using standard numerical methods, meanwhile providing comparable accuracy. The model is validated against GT-POWER in the ability to predict the temperature distribution, the peak temperature and its axial location in US-06 Drive Cycle.

Download or read book Modeling and Control of Three way Catalysts written by Roman Jörg Möller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Engine Modeling and Control written by Rolf Isermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demands for internal combustion engines with regard to fuel consumption, emissions and driveability lead to more actuators, sensors and complex control functions. A systematic implementation of the electronic control systems requires mathematical models from basic design through simulation to calibration. The book treats physically-based as well as models based experimentally on test benches for gasoline (spark ignition) and diesel (compression ignition) engines and uses them for the design of the different control functions. The main topics are: - Development steps for engine control - Stationary and dynamic experimental modeling - Physical models of intake, combustion, mechanical system, turbocharger, exhaust, cooling, lubrication, drive train - Engine control structures, hardware, software, actuators, sensors, fuel supply, injection system, camshaft - Engine control methods, static and dynamic feedforward and feedback control, calibration and optimization, HiL, RCP, control software development - Control of gasoline engines, control of air/fuel, ignition, knock, idle, coolant, adaptive control functions - Control of diesel engines, combustion models, air flow and exhaust recirculation control, combustion-pressure-based control (HCCI), optimization of feedforward and feedback control, smoke limitation and emission control This book is an introduction to electronic engine management with many practical examples, measurements and research results. It is aimed at advanced students of electrical, mechanical, mechatronic and control engineering and at practicing engineers in the field of combustion engine and automotive engineering.

Download or read book The three way catalytic converter written by The Open University and published by The Open University. This book was released on with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 12-hour free course looked at how the three-way catalytic converter works to reduce the release of primary pollutants, and why we need it.

Download or read book Investigation of UEGO Deception and Other Challenges in Three way Catalytic Converter Oxygen Storage Modeling written by Joshua Douglas Cowgill and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Three-way catalytic converter oxygen storage control is a topic which has gained increasing interest recently due to the potential additional emissions reduction benefits control could provide to reach SULEV emission standards. To further improve air-to-fuel ratio control strategies, however, accurate three-way catalytic converter models are required to optimally manage oxygen storage. A three-way catalytic converter model depends mostly upon two factors for success. The first of these is, of course, accurate model structure and parameter definition. The second, and possibly more problematic, is accurate measurement data to be used as model inputs. Despite a general trend of increasingly using universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensors instead of switching exhaust gas oxygen (EGO) sensors, UEGO sensors are quite susceptible to sensor deception errors particularly present post-catalyst under dynamic conditions. Specifically, the response of the UEGO sensor is significantly effected by the not just the actual exhaust gas air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) but also the concentrations of different components which make up the exhaust gas. To characterize the effect of UEGO sensor measurement error, the specific processes by which measurement error developed was explored. Exhaust gas component concentrations were changed both artificially and through the use of a catalytic converter with the goal of better understanding the UEGO deception phenomenon as a standalone sensor and in its use in conjunction with a catalyst. From the data collected, steady state calibrations were created which allowed for more accurate predictions of true exhaust gas AFR. Furthermore, an ad hoc dynamic calibration was created to indirectly account for additional unmodeled catalytic converter dynamics which significantly affected the post-catalyst UEGO output. The knowledge of UEGO and three-way catalytic converter operation gained was applied to three- way catalytic converter modeling though many methods. Use of the corrected, and thus more accurate, exhaust gas AFR measurements allowed for the accurate determination of parameters necessary for three- way catalytic converter modeling. Understanding of the three-way catalytic converter operation allowed for a detailed analysis, calibration and subsequent improvements of a commonly available three-way catalytic converter model. From this work, the abilities and limitations of a standard three-way catalytic converter model were examined. Within the existing oxygen storage model framework, modified oxygen adsorption and release functions were suggested as well as a means of calibrating them. Furthermore, the work also shows that other unmodeled dynamics are present which are associated with the alteration of the magnitude of the change in hydrogen concentration from pre to post-catalyst possibly caused by catalytic converter deactivation. Unfortunately, while such unmodeled dynamics were noted, the extension of the three-way catalytic converter model to account for these dynamics was beyond the scope of this work. The sensitivity of a current oxygen storage model was numerically investigated by inducing plant and sensor faults and comparing the output of the model with faults against an ideal model output. It is shown in this work that effect of model or plant faults is the slow drifting of the predicted oxygen storage level, as would be expedited, since an integrator-type model is begin used. However it was also determined that, during this drift, the predicted post-catalyst AFR predicted is generally relatively unaffected. In a control application, this slow drift would not be of great concern, as the plant could be regulated around a operating condition which allowed information regarding the current oxygen storage level to be observed in the measurer post-catalyst AFR.

Download or read book Consultant Report to the Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions Commission on Sociotechnical Systems National Research Council on an Evaluation of Catalytic Converters for Control of Automobile Exhaust Pollutants written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: