Download or read book Modeling Unsaturated Zone Flow and Contaminant Transport in the Air and Water Phases written by Philip John Binning and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport written by Jacob Bear and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-18 with total page 851 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many parts of the world, groundwater resources are under increasing threat from growing demands, wasteful use, and contamination. To face the challenge, good planning and management practices are needed. A key to the management of groundwater is the ability to model the movement of fluids and contaminants in the subsurface. The purpose of this book is to construct conceptual and mathematical models that can provide the information required for making decisions associated with the management of groundwater resources, and the remediation of contaminated aquifers. The basic approach of this book is to accurately describe the underlying physics of groundwater flow and solute transport in heterogeneous porous media, starting at the microscopic level, and to rigorously derive their mathematical representation at the macroscopic levels. The well-posed, macroscopic mathematical models are formulated for saturated, single phase flow, as well as for unsaturated and multiphase flow, and for the transport of single and multiple chemical species. Numerical models are presented and computer codes are reviewed, as tools for solving the models. The problem of seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers is examined and modeled. The issues of uncertainty in model input data and output are addressed. The book concludes with a chapter on the management of groundwater resources. Although one of the main objectives of this book is to construct mathematical models, the amount of mathematics required is kept minimal.
Download or read book Unsteady Multiphase Flow Modeling of IN SITU Air Sparging System in a Variable Saturated Subsurface Environment written by Wonyong Jang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to preserve groundwater resources from contamination by volatile organic compounds and to clean up sites contaminated with the compounds, we should understand fate and transport of contaminants in the subsurface systems and physicochemical processes involving remediation technologies. To enhance our understanding, numerical studies were performed on the following topics: (i) multiphase flow and contaminant transport in subsurface environments; (ii) biological transformations of contaminants; (iii) in-situ air sparging (IAS); and, thermal-enhanced venting (TEV). Among VOCs, trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most-frequently-detected chemicals in the contaminated groundwater. TCE and its daughter products (cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC)) are chosen as target contaminants. Density-driven advection of gas phase is generated by the increase in gas density due to vaporization of high-molecular weight contaminants such as TCE in the unsaturated zone. The effect of the density-driven advection on fate and transport of TCE was investigated under several environmental conditions involving infiltration and permeability. Biological transformations of contaminants can generate byproducts, which may become new toxic contaminants in subsurface systems. Sequential biotransformations of TCE, cDCE, and VC are considered herein. Under different reaction rates for two bioreaction kinetics, temporal and spatial concentration profiles of the contaminants were examined to evaluate the effect of biotransformations on multispecies transport. IAS injects clean air into the subsurface below the groundwater table to remediate contaminated groundwater. The movement of gas and the groundwater as a multiphase flow in the saturated zone and the removal of TCE by IAS application were analyzed. Each fluid flow under IAS was examined in terms of saturation levels and fluid velocity profiles in a three-dimensional domain. Several scenarios for IAS systems were simulated to evaluate remedial performance of the systems. TEV was simulated to investigate its efficiency on the removal of a nonaqueous phase liquid in the unsaturated zone under different operational conditions. For numerical studies herein, the governing equations for multiphase flow, multispecies transport, and heat energy in porous media were developed and solved using Galerkin finite element method. A three-dimensional numerical model, called TechFlowMP model, has been developed.
Download or read book Unsaturated zone Modeling written by R.A. Feddes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-10-11 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mankind has manipulated the quantity and quality of soil water for millennia. Food production was massively increased through fertilization, irrigation and drainage. But malpractice also caused degradation of immense areas of once fertile land, rendering it totally unproductive for many generations. In populated areas, the pollutant load ever more often exceeds the soil’s capacity for buffering and retention, and large volumes of potable groundwater have been polluted or are threatened to be polluted in the foreseeable future. In the past decades, the role of soil water in climate patterns has been recognized but not yet fully understood. The soil-science community responded to this diversity of issues by developing numerical models to simulate the behavior of water and solutes in soils. These models helped improve our understanding of unsaturated-zone processes and develop sustainable land-management practices. Aimed at professional soil scientists, soil-water modelers, irrigation engineers etc., this book discusses our progress in soil-water modeling. Top scientists present case studies, overviews and analyses of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to soil-water modeling. The contributions cover a wide range of spatial scales, and discuss fundamental aspects of unsaturated-zone modeling as well as issues related to the application of models to real-world problems.
Download or read book Modelling Water Flow in Unsaturated Porous Media written by Adam Szymkiewicz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on two issues related to mathematical and numerical modelling of flow in unsaturated porous media. In the first part numerical solution of the governing equations is discussed, with particular emphasis on the spatial discretization of highly nonlinear permeability coefficient. The second part deals with large scale flow in heterogeneous porous media of binary structure. Upscaled models are developed and it is shown that the presence of material heterogeneities may give rise to additional non-equilibrium terms in the governing equations or to hysteresis in the averaged constitutive relationships.
Download or read book Environmental Modeling and Health Risk Analysis Acts Risk written by Mustafa Aral ARAL and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Modeling and Health Risk Analysis (ACTS/RISK) The purpose of this book is to provide the reader with an integrated perspective on several ?elds. First, it discusses the ?elds of environmental modeling in general and multimedia (the term “multimedia” is used throughout the text to indicate that environmental transformation and transport processes are discussed in association with three environmental media: air, groundwater and surface water pathways) environmental transformation and transport processes in particular; it also provides a detailed description of numerous mechanistic models that are used in these ?elds. Second, this book presents a review of the topics of exposure and health risk analysis. The Analytical Contaminant Transport Analysis System (ACTS) and Health RISK Analysis (RISK) software tools are an integral part of the book and provide computational platforms for all the models discussed herein. The most recent versions of these two software tools can be downloaded from the publisher’s web site. The author recommends registering the software on the web download page so that users can receive updates about newer versions of the software.
Download or read book Characterization Modeling Monitoring and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.
Download or read book Fluid Flow and Transport in Porous Media Mathematical and Numerical Treatment written by Zhangxin Chen and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The June 2001 conference brought together mathematicians, computational scientists, and engineers working on the mathematical and numerical treatment of fluid flow and transport in porous media. This collection of 43 papers from that conference reports on recent advances in network flow modeling, parallel computation, optimization, upscaling, uncertainty reduction, media characterization, and chemically reactive phenomena. Topics include modeling horizontal wells using hybrid grids in reservoir simulation, a high order Lagrangian scheme for flow through unsaturated porous media, and a streamline front tracking method for two- and three- phase flow. No index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book Design and Operation of Civil and Environmental Engineering Systems written by Charles ReVelle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1997-08-14 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tools of operations research (OR)--optimization, simulation, game theory, and others--are increasingly applied to the entire range of problems encountered by civil and environmental engineers. In this groundbreaking text/reference, the world's leading experts describe sophisticated OR opplications across the spectrum of environmental and civil engineering specialties, addressing problems encountered in both operation and design.
Download or read book Computational Techniques And Applications Ctac 95 Proceedings Of The Seventh Biennial Conference written by Robert L May and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-08-30 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings contains seven invited papers and 100 contributed papers. The topics covered range from studies of theoretical aspects of computational methods through to simulations of large-scale industrial processes, with an emphasis on the efficient use of computers to solve practical problems. Developers and users of computational techniques who wish to keep up with recent developments in the application of modern computational technology to problems in science and engineering will find much of interest in this volume.
Download or read book Auxiliary Analyses in Support of Performance Assessment of a Hypothetical Low level Waste Facility written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A numerical model of multiphase air-water flow and contaminant transport in the unsaturated zone is presented. The multiphase flow equations are solved using the two-pressure, mixed form of the equations with a modified Picard linearization of the equations and a finite element spatial approximation. A volatile contaminant is assumed to be transported in either phase, or in both phases simultaneously. The contaminant partitions between phases with an equilibrium distribution given by Henry's Law or via kinetic mass transfer. The transport equations are solved using a Galerkin finite element method with reduced integration to lump the resultant matrices. The numerical model is applied to published experimental studies to examine the behavior of the air phase and associated contaminant movement under water infiltration. The model is also used to evaluate a hypothetical design for a low-level radioactive waste disposal facility. The model has been developed in both one and two dimensions; documentation and computer codes are available for the one-dimensional flow and transport model.
Download or read book Contaminant Transport in Groundwater written by H.E. Kobus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceeding of a symposium on Contaminant transport in groundwater held in Stuttgart, April 1989. Topics covered include: Field methods & data processing; Field studies & tracer experiments; Contaminant chemistry & column experiments; Modelling of chemistry coupled to transport; Dispersion theory & transport in fractured media; Numerical aspects of modelling, parameter identification & optimization; Multiphase flow & transport in saturated soil.
Download or read book Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shallow Groundwater Systems written by Peter Dillon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shallow groundwater systems are important as a source of water, for sustenance of stream baseflow, and for wetland and riparian ecosystems. They are also central to waterlogging, and dryland and irrigation salinity problems. Response time to hydrologic change and pollutant loadings is fast among shallow aquifiers, and it is important that hydrogeologists and natural resource managers understand the unsaturated zone processes which links human activity at the soil surface and the underlying groundwater, and vice versa. This volume of papers explores practical aspects of soil and surface water interactions with groundwater, including modelling of flow and contaminant transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones.
Download or read book Plans and Practices for Groundwater Protection at the Los Alamos National Laboratory written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's first nuclear bomb was a developed in 1954 at a site near the town of Los Alamos, New Mexico. Designated as the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in 1981, the 40-square-mile site is today operated by Log Alamos National Security LLC under contract to the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Like other sites in the nation's nuclear weapons complex, the LANL site harbors a legacy of radioactive waste and environmental contamination. Radioactive materials and chemical contaminants have been detected in some portions of the groundwater beneath the site. Under authority of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the State of New Mexico regulates protection of its water resources through the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED). In 1995 NMED found LANL's groundwater monitoring program to be inadequate. Consequently LANL conducted a detailed workplan to characterize the site's hydrogeology in order to develop an effective monitoring program. The study described in Plans and Practices for Groundwater Protection at the Los Alamos National Laboratory: Final Report was initially requested by NNSA, which turned to the National Academies for technical advice and recommendations regarding several aspects of LANL's groundwater protection program. The DOE Office of Environmental Management funded the study. The study came approximately at the juncture between completion of LANL's hydrogeologic workplan and initial development of a sitewide monitoring plan.
Download or read book The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering written by Jacques W. Delleur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-12 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the increasing demand for adequate water supply caused by the augmenting global population, groundwater production has acquired a new importance. In many areas, surface waters are not available in sufficient quantity or quality. Thus, an increasing demand for groundwater has resulted. However, the residence of time of groundwater can be of the order of thousands of years while surface waters is of the order of days. Therefore, substantially more attention is warranted for transport processes and pollution remediation in groundwater than for surface waters. Similarly, pollution remediation problems in groundwater are generally complex. This excellent, timely resource covers the field of groundwater from an engineering perspective, comprehensively addressing the range of subjects related to subsurface hydrology. It provides a practical treatment of the flow of groundwater, the transport of substances, the construction of wells and well fields, the production of groundwater, and site characterization and remediation of groundwater pollution. No other reference specializes in groundwater engineering to such a broad range of subjects. Its use extends to: The engineer designing a well or well field The engineer designing or operating a landfill facility for municipal or hazardous wastes The hydrogeologist investigating a contaminant plume The engineer examining the remediation of a groundwater pollution problem The engineer or lawyer studying the laws and regulations related to groundwater quality The scientist analyzing the mechanics of solute transport The geohydrologist assessing the regional modeling of aquifers The geophysicist determining the characterization of an aquifer The cartographer mapping aquifer characteristics The practitioner planning a monitoring network
Download or read book Vadose Zone Processes written by John S. Selker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vadose Zone Processes provides a unified, up-to-date treatment on the movement of water through unsaturated media. In addition to covering the basic equations governing the flow and fate of water in unsaturated media, the text covers the biogeochemistry of vadose environments and the statistical description of vadose processes. The authors emphasize maintaining an intuitive understanding of how the results are derived and how they are appropriately applied. This comprehensive and important book will be useful not only to those in traditional fields such as civil engineering, geology, crop science, chemical engineering, agricultural engineering, and hydrology but also in the newer environmental engineering fields including containment transport, pollution remediation, and waste disposal.
