Download or read book Modeling Tool to Assess and Mitigate the Effects of Small Hydropower on Stream Fishes in Changing California Climate written by Lisa C Thompson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Report written by California Energy Commission. Public Interest Energy Research and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integrated Energy Policy Report written by California Energy Commission. Integrated Energy Policy Report Committee and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scenario Modeling of Potential Climate Change Effects in California Reservoirs written by Amber Jean Kuss McCullum and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appropriate water supply scenario modeling, that is, modeling techniques that capture the fullest range of dynamics observed in real hydrological systems, will be an essential tool in meeting 21st century water management challenges. This is especially salient in regions such as California, with large, water-dependent populations, agriculture and industry; complex water delivery systems; highly variable precipitation regimes; extended and pervasive droughts; and uncertainty in future water supply estimates associated with the potential effects of climate change. While scenario modeling is crucial, current methods often have limited incorporation of long-run forms of persistence, multi-year extremes, and a range of potential climate change effects. This dissertation addresses these applied research issues to improve historical water supply scenario modeling and highlight potential risks associated with climate change for inflows to the important Shasta/Trinity and Oroville Reservoirs of California. The goals of this dissertation were to: (1) identify and characterize long-run persistence in inflows; (2) incorporate this persistence, especially in the forms of hydrologic extremes, into water supply scenario modeling; (3) generate a range of potential hydrological futures under climate change for these inflows; and (4) examine supply reliability challenges and the role of scenario modeling in California water agencies. Key findings indicate that: (1) long-run persistence, related to large-scale climate oscillations such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), contribute to a significant portion of inflow variability; (2) use of an innovative hybrid Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)-Matalas modeling framework overcomes some of the limitations of traditional models to more accurately model modes of long-run persistence and multi-year extremes; (3) climate change presents potentially broad shifts and high uncertainty in future hydrological inflows where increased variance affects the frequency, duration, and intensity of floods and droughts; and (4) under this large uncertainty a water supply agency might wish to consider their risk profile and potential barriers to change.
Download or read book Strategy for Assessing Impacts of Power Plants on Fish and Shellfish Populations written by Eugene S. Fritz and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrology and Agricultural Pollutant Runoff in California s Central Valley written by Darren L. Ficklin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and HYDRUS were used to assess the impact of climate change on the hydrologic cycle (streamflow, surface runoff, groundwater recharge, evapotranspiration, and irrigation water use) and agricultural pollutant runoff (sediment, nitrate, phosphorus, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon) in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds in California's Central Valley. Five separate studies were constructed. For the first three studies, hydrological responses were modeled in the San Joaquin River watershed using variations of atmospheric CO2 (550 and 970 ppm), temperature (+1.1 and +6.4°C), and precipitation (0%, ±10%, and ±20%) based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projections. The fourth study used a calibration and an uncertainty analysis technique for the calibration of the Sacramento River watershed. This study confirmed that SWAT was able to capture the large amount of uncertainty within the Sacramento River watershed and successfully simulate streamflow, sediment, nitrate, chlorpyrifos and diazinon loads. The final study used a novel stochastic climate change analysis technique to bracket the 95% confidence interval of potential climate changes. For all studies, increases in precipitation generally changed the hydrological cycle and agricultural runoff proportionally, where increases in precipitation resulted in increases in surface runoff and thus agricultural runoff and vice-versa. Also, for all studies, increasing temperature caused a temporal shift in plant growth patterns and redistributed evapotranspiration and irrigation water demand earlier in the year. Increasing atmospheric CO2 resulted in watershed-wide decreases in evapotranspiration, therefore increasing water yield and streamflow while concurrently decreasing irrigation water use. This research improves the understanding between climate change and hydrology and agricultural pollutant runoff within the Central Valley of California. Theses climate change analyses may be used by water resource managers to evaluate the potential effects of climate change.
Download or read book Modelling the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources written by C. Fai Fung and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quantitative assessment of the impact of climate change on water availability and water resources management requires knowledge of climate, hydro(geo)logical and water resources models, and particularly the relationships between each of them. This book brings together world experts on each of these aspects, distilling each complex topic into concise and easy to understand chapters, in which both the uses and limitations of modelling are explored. The book concludes with a set of case studies using real-life examples to illustrate the steps required and the problems that can be faced in assessing the potential impacts of climate change on water resource systems. For students, scientists, engineers and decision-makers alike, this book provides an invaluable and critical look at the information that is provided by climate models, and the ways it is used in modelling water systems. A key focus is the exploration of how uncertainties may accrue at each stage of an impacts assessment, and the reliability of the resulting information. The book is a practical guide to understanding the opportunities and pitfalls in the quantitative assessment of climate change impacts and adaptation in the water resource sector.
Download or read book Support Water management Decision making Under Climate Change Conditions written by Angel Utset Suastegui and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to climate change assessments, less precipitations and higher temperatures can be expected in the Iberian Peninsula and other Mediterranean zones. Besides, an increment in droughts and other extreme events can be expected as well. Such climatic conditions require an effort to optimise irrigation technologies and to improve water management efficiency. There are currently available water-use and crop-growth simulation models, which can be combined to climate scenarios and weather generators in order to recommend, through many simulations, the most reliable irrigation management. The Preliminary Assessment of the Impacts in Spain due to the Effects of Climate Change and the National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change recommend the use of such simulation tools in Spanish climate-change impact assessments. Those tools, however, have not been used yet to support irrigation decision-making in our country. In that sense, the EU-funded proposal AGRIDEMA, leaded by Spain, has been addressed to introduce such tools, connecting the tools "providers" from Universities and high-level research centres, with their "users", located in agricultural technological or applied-research centres. AGRIDEMA comprised courses and Pilot Applications of the tools. Local researchers knew in the AGRIDEMA courses how to access to GCM data and seasonal forecasts, they receive also basic knowledge on weather generators, statistical and dynamical downscaling; as well as on available crop models as DSSAT, WOFOST, CROPSYST, SWAP and others. About 20 pilot assessments have been conducted in several European countries during AGRIDEMA, applying the modelling tools in particular cases. The AGRIDEMA results are commented, mentioning particularly the Pilot Assessments that were held in Spain and in the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, several "users" opinion regarding the available climate and crop-growth simulation tools are also pointed out. Those opinions can be used as important feedback by the tools "developers". An illustrative example on how modelling tools can help to manage Sugarbeet irrigation under present and future climate conditions in Spain is also shown. Several future research directions are pointed out, as followed from the shown example and the AGRIDEMA results. Those research directions agree with the actions recommended in the Spanish National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change, as well as in the European and international guidelines. Stakeholder will adopt climate-change mitigation options only if they realise the reliability of such options on their specific cases. To achieve this, the "users" of the modelling tools must develop local demonstration proposals, aimed to model calibration and validation, etc. Particularly, some demonstration proposals should be aimed to recommend productive and efficient irrigation water management under the adverse climate conditions that Spanish farmers will eventually face in the next years.
Download or read book Managing California s Water written by Ellen Hanak and published by Public Policy Instit. of CA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimation of Climate Change Effects on Streamflows Stream Temperatures and Fish Thermal Habitat written by Omid Mohseni and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Models that Predict Standing Crop of Stream Fish from Habitat Variables written by Kurt D. Fausch and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We reviewed mathematical models that predict standing crop of stream fish (number or biomass per unit area or length of stream) from measurable habitat variables and classified them by the types of independent habitat variables found significant, by mathematical structure, and by model quality. Habitat variables were of three types and were measured on different scales in relation to stream channels: variables of drainage basins were measured on the coarsest scale from topographic maps; channel-morphometry and flow variables were measured in the field along transects perpendicular to flow; and habitat-structure, biological, physical, and chemical variables were measured on the finest scale in the field. We grouped the 99 reviewed models by the types of independent variables found significant during model development: (A) primarily drainage basin (5 models), (8) primarily channel morphometry and flow (16 models), (C) primarily habitat structure, biological, physical, and chemical (25 models), (D) a combination of several types of variables (39 models), and (E) tests of weighted usable area as a habitat model (14 models. Most models were linear or multiple linear regressions, or correlations, but a few were curvilinear functions (exponential or power). Some used multivariate techniques (principal components or factor analysis), and some combined independent variables into one or more indices. We judged model quality based on simple criteria of precision and generality: coefficient of determination, sample size, and degrees of freedom. Most models were based on data sets of fewer than 20 observations and, thus, also had fewer than 20 degrees of freedom. Most models with coefficients of determination of greater than 0.75 had fewer than 20 degrees of freedom, which led us to conclude that relatively precise models often lacked generality. We found that sound statistical procedures were often overlooked or were minimized during development of many models. Frequent problems were too small a sample size, possible bias caused by error in measuring habitat variables, using poor methods for choosing the best model, not testing models, using models based on observational data to predict standing crop, and making unrealistic assumptions about capture probabilities when estimating standing crop. The major biological assumptionthat the fish population was limited by habitat rather than fishing mortality, interspecific competition, or predationusually was not addressed. We found five main ways stream-fish-habitat models are used in fishery management. To be useful for analyzing land management alternatives, models must include variables affected by management and be specific for a homogeneous area of land.
Download or read book Flow Methods to Estimate Flow for Ungauged Catchments for the Development of Small Hydroelectric Power in Northern California Watersheds written by Bikash Pradham and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for energy is increasing daily. Currently, non-renewable energy is used to meet much of the energy demand. Nonrenewable resources cause an increase in atmospheric carbon concentration and are a significant cause of climate change. Governments throughout the world are supporting the use of renewable sources by providing financial and legislative support to reduce the carbon footprint in energy generation. In addition, having a variety of renewable energy sources in the portfolio would also complement each other, thereby providing a continuous supply of electricity to the people. Redwood Coast Energy Authority is a local government Joint Powers Agency in Humboldt County, California. The agency supports an assessment of the potential for small-scale hydropower to facilitate the development of small hydroelectric projects in Northern California Watersheds for a more complete renewable energy portfolio. Evaluating the appropriateness of developing a preliminary guideline for a small run-of-the-river hydropower production requires consideration of not only the river hydrology and topography but many other related criteria that will impact the project. This thesis will not address all critical components needed to decide whether to move forward with hydroelectric development but will focus on generating appropriate flow data using techniques like the drainage area ratio method (RAM), lumped modeling (L), semi-lumped modeling (SL), and distributed modeling. The analysis showed reliable results for all the catchments considered under the case study with different potential generation outputs. Results also showed how each flow estimation method performed, and the results looked very similar to one another. In addition, the analysis also showed that the best time for power generation is between the months of November through March, and the sites have almost no power potential in the summer months, especially for the months of July through September. Overall, the results were very similar and showed similar trends where the models were unable to predict the very high flows that usually occur in December but were able to predict flows in the remaining time very well when compared with the observed data.
Download or read book Environmental Impact Statement on the Management of River Flows to Mitigate the Loss of the Anadromous Fishery of the Trinity River California written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Simplified Approach for Assessing the Effects of Water Release Temperatures on Tailwater Habitat Downstream of Fort Peck Garrison and Fort Randall Dams written by John M. Nestler and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased water resources demand in the main stem Missouri River regulated by Corps of Engineers dams has intensified the conflict between the economic benefits of stream regulation and the need to protect natural river ecosystems. Credible predictive tools that can be quickly and easily applied are required to explore and screen alternative reservoir operating plans to determine the downstream water temperature effects on tailwaters supporting temperature-sensitive fishes. The screening model was developed in a two-step process. First, a one-dimensional, longitudinal, riverine model, CE-QUAL-RIV1, was used to predict the downstream water temperature in the 52-mile tailwater of Fort Randall Dam, the 70-mile tailwater of Garrison Dam, and the 186-mile tailwater of Fort Peck Dam on the Missouri River. The power of the comprehensive water-quality model was required to predict the complex downstream water temperature patterns resulting from variable year-to-year stratification, complex peaking hydropower release patterns, and variable meteorologic conditions. Downstream water temperatures were simulated for 108 scenarios for each tailwater, covering the expected range of boundary conditions. Second, the output from the 108 scenarios for each tailwater was statistically evaluated to identify major trends and patterns in the results. CE-QUAL-RIV1, Garrison Dam, Water temperature, Fort Randall Dam, Missouri River, Fort Peck Dam, Tailwaters.
Download or read book Modeling the Effects of Climate Change on Streamflow and Stream Temperature in the South Fork of the Stillaguamish River written by Katherine Mary Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Stillaguamish River in northwest Washington State is an important regional water resource for local agriculture, industry, and First Nations tribes and a critical habitat for several threatened and endangered salmonid species, including the Chinook salmon. The river is currently subject to a temperature total maximum daily load, so it is important to understand how projected climate change will affect future stream temperatures and thus salmon populations. Snowpack is the main contributor to spring and summer streamflow and helps to mitigate stream temperatures as air temperatures rise through the summer in the South Fork of the Stillaguamish River. I used gridded historical meteorological data to calibrate the physically-based Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model and River Basin Model and then applied downscaled, gridded projected climate data to predict how a changing climate will influence hydrology and stream temperature in the South Fork basin through the end of the 21st century.
Download or read book Review of the Draft Fourth National Climate Assessment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change poses many challenges that affect society and the natural world. With these challenges, however, come opportunities to respond. By taking steps to adapt to and mitigate climate change, the risks to society and the impacts of continued climate change can be lessened. The National Climate Assessment, coordinated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program, is a mandated report intended to inform response decisions. Required to be developed every four years, these reports provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of climate change impacts available for the United States, making them a unique and important climate change document. The draft Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) report reviewed here addresses a wide range of topics of high importance to the United States and society more broadly, extending from human health and community well-being, to the built environment, to businesses and economies, to ecosystems and natural resources. This report evaluates the draft NCA4 to determine if it meets the requirements of the federal mandate, whether it provides accurate information grounded in the scientific literature, and whether it effectively communicates climate science, impacts, and responses for general audiences including the public, decision makers, and other stakeholders.
Download or read book Feather River Hydrologic Observatory written by Francesco Avanzi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
