Download or read book Modeling the Spatial Distributions of Riparian Plant Species on the Sacramento River California with Conservation Applications written by Amy Michelle Williams and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Restoration of Floodplain Landscapes written by Alexander Kent Fremier and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to Geography Programs in the Americas written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book California Riparian Systems written by Richard E. Warner and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Primer of Ecological Restoration written by Karen Holl and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pace, intensity, and scale at which humans have altered our planet in recent decades is unprecedented. We have dramatically transformed landscapes and waterways through agriculture, logging, mining, and fire suppression, with drastic impacts on public health and human well-being. What can we do to counteract and even reverse the worst of these effects? Restore damaged ecosystems. The Primer of Ecological Restoration is a succinct introduction to the theory and practice of ecological restoration as a strategy to conserve biodiversity and ecosystems. In twelve brief chapters, the book introduces readers to the basics of restoration project planning, monitoring, and adaptive management. It explains abiotic factors such as landforms, soil, and hydrology that are the building blocks to successfully recovering microorganism, plant, and animal communities. Additional chapters cover topics such as invasive species and legal and financial considerations. Each chapter concludes with recommended reading and reference lists, and the book can be paired with online resources for teaching. Perfect for introductory classes in ecological restoration or for practitioners seeking constructive guidance for real-world projects, Primer of Ecological Restoration offers accessible, practical information on recent trends in the field.
Download or read book Riparian Areas written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-10-10 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
Download or read book Spatial Ecology and Conservation of the Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle written by Theresa Sinicrope Talley and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health of Native Riparian Vegetation and Its Relation to Hydrologic Conditions Along the Mojave River Southern California written by Gregory C. Lines and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multi scale Habitat Patch Modeling written by Evan Hartunian Girvetz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Riparian Vegetation Analysis Upper Sacramento River California written by Jones & Stokes Associates and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Restoring Ecological Function by Mimicking Natural Processes written by Jacob Van Epen Katz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1: Impending extinction of salmon, steelhead, and trout (Salmonidae) in California. California contains the southernmost native populations of most Pacific Coast salmon and trout, many of which appear to be rapidly headed toward extinction. A quantitative protocol was developed to determine conservation status of all salmonids native to the state. Results indicate that if present trends continue, 25 (78%) of the 32 taxa native to California will likely be extinct or extirpated within the next century, following the bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), which was extirpated in the 1970s. California's salmonids are adapted to living in a topographically diverse region with a Mediterranean climate, characterized by extreme seasonal and inter-annual variability in streamflow. Consequently, California salmonids have evolved extraordinary life history diversity to persist in the face of stressful conditions that often approach physiological limits. The spatial distributions of California salmonids vary from wide-ranging anadromous forms to endemic inland forms persisting in only a few kilometers of stream. Eighty-one percent of anadromous taxa are threatened with extinction and 73% inland taxa are either threatened or already extinct. Although specific drivers of decline differ across species, major causes of decline are related to increasing competition with humans for water, human degradation of watersheds, and adverse effects of hatchery propagation. Climate change, interacting with the other causes of decline, is increasing the trajectory towards extinction for most populations. Bringing all of California's salmonid fishes back from the brink of extinction may not be possible. If there are bold changes to management policy, however, self-sustaining populations of many species may be possible due to their inherent ability to adapt to changing conditions. Chapter 2: Floodplain Farm Fields Provide Novel Rearing Habitat for Chinook Salmon. When inundated by floodwaters, river floodplains provide rich food resources and high quality habitat for many species of wildlife. Globally, many rivers have been leveed and floodplain wetlands drained, primarily for flood control and conversion to agriculture. In the Central Valley of California, USA, where less than 5% of floodplain wetland habitats remain, a critical conservation question is how farmlands located on floodplains can be managed to provide increased habitat benefit to fish and wildlife. In this study agricultural fields located on the Sacramento River floodplain were intentionally inundated after the autumn rice harvest to mimic natural floodplain inundation patterns and determine if they could provide shallow-water rearing habitat for imperiled Sacramento River fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Approximately 10,000 juvenile fish were reared on two hectares for six weeks when fields were idle between fall harvest and spring planting. Growth rates of juvenile salmon (average 0.76 mm/day) reared in this surrogate floodplain habitat were among the most rapid ever documented in fresh water in California and survival was high (minimum estimated survival 57%). The apparent compatibility of crop production and fish and wildlife habitat on the same ground demonstrates the ecological and economic benefits of reconciling management of agricultural working landscapes with recovery of native species. Chapter 3: Managed Inundation of Agricultural Floodplains Produces Record Growth in Juvenile Chinook Salmon. Floodplains are important engines of seasonal productivity in river ecosystems. However, in North America and Europe over 90% of floodplains habitats are no longer hydrologically connected to rivers, representing a significant loss of riverine ecosystem food web productivity. Expanding inundated floodplain area increases the volume of the photic zone, the uppermost portion of the water column, where sunlight is converted to carbohydrates by phytoplankton. Greater extent of shallow floodplain augments overall food availability and provides important aquatic habitats for many species. For example, invertebrates are in greater abundance on floodplains than in adjacent river channels, enhancing foraging success of fish that gain access to these seasonally inundated aquatic habitats. Like many large river valleys globally, the Central Valley of California, USA, (encompassing the Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds) has lost the majority of its floodplain habitat, primarily to conversion to agriculture. However, remnant floodplains still exist and are managed as flood bypasses which function in the winter wet season as "pressure relief valves," allowing floodwaters to pass safely around vital infrastructure and urban areas. In the summer dry season, bypasses are actively farmed. Managed inundation of agricultural floodplains may offer a means of regaining some of the ecological benefits of floodplains for native fish and wildlife while continuing to support flood protection and production agriculture, thereby creating a landscape where native species and human uses can coexist. An example of such reconciliation is Yolo Bypass, a farmed floodway where two decades of managed winter inundation of post-harvest rice fields--in the agricultural off-season when farm fields are idle--creates wetland habitat for millions of waterfowl using the critically important Pacific Flyway. Recent studies have shown that managed inundation can also provide suitable floodplain foraging habitat for native fish species such as juvenile Chinook Salmon. In order to better understand how rice farming practices affect the quality of reconciled winter rearing habitat for juvenile fall run Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), we built and experimentally manipulated nine replicated two-acre rice fields. Fields shared a common layout and water source. Each was randomly assigned to one of three post-harvest farming options generally used in the Yolo Bypass; fallow, leaving standing rice stubble, or tilling to incorporate the stubble into the soil. Each field was stocked with approximately 4,500 juvenile salmon. Weekly sampling for water quality, invertebrate abundance and diversity, and fish growth and survival was conducted for 6 weeks, after which fields were drained and fish counted, measured
Download or read book Riparia written by Robert J. Naiman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-08-05 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the underlying water conditions and geologies that support viable riparia, illustrates the ecological characteristics of riparia, and discusses how riparia are used by human cultures as well as how riparia can be used to sustain environmental quality. In recent years riparian management has been widely implemented as a means of improving fisheries, water quality, and habitat for endangered species. This book provides the basic knowledge necessary to implement successful, long-term management and rehabilitation programs. Treats riparian patterns & processes in a holistic perspective, from ecological components to societal activities Contains over 130 illustrations and photos that summarize this complex ecological system Synthesizes the information from more than 6,000 professional articles Sidebars provide a look into ongoing research that is at the frontiers of riparian ecology and management
Download or read book A Manual of California Vegetation written by John Orvel Sawyer and published by California Native Plant Society. This book was released on 2009 with total page 1316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Riparian Landscapes written by George Patrick Malanson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-05-27 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Riparian Landscapes examines the ecological systems of streamside and floodplain areas from the perspective of landscape ecology. The specific spatial pattern of riparian vegetation is seen as a result of, and a control on, the ecological, geomorphological, and hydrological processes that operate along rivers. Riparian structures are controlled by the spatial dynamics of channels, flooding and soil moisture. These dynamics are part of integrated cascades of water, sediment, nutrients and carbon, to which animal and plant species respond in ways that illuminate community structure and competition. The role of the riparian zone in controlling species distribution and abundance is discussed. Intelligent management of these valuable ecological resources is highlighted. The potential for linking hydrological, geomorphological and ecological simulation models is also explored. This book will be of interest to graduate and professional research workers in environmental science, ecology and physical geography.
Download or read book Multiscale Controls on Woody Riparian Vegetation written by Daniel Allen Sarr and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I studied riparian forests of four western Oregon watersheds (dry south to wet north) to determine the multiscale controls on woody riparian vegetation. I conducted separate analyses of controls on plant distribution, diversity, and tree regeneration using vegetation and environmental data collected in two related field studies: (1) a multiscale riparian forest inventory; (2) a comparative study of natural forest gaps and interiors. Climatic moisture, indexed by vapor pressure deficit in summer, was the primary correlate of compositional change between riparian sites at all scales analyzed, demonstrating that the majority of riparian species responded directly or indirectly to the landscape scale climate gradient. Additional variation in composition was explained by measures of local topography and disturbance. Climate, as indexed by modeled gross primary productivity (GPP), explained the majority of the variation in multiple regression models of plant diversity that included local and landscape scale variables. As GPP increased from dry to wet climates, understory light and moisture heterogeneity decreased, coincident with declines in alpha, beta, and hectare scale diversity, suggesting that climate controls diversity indirectly through its effects on local conditions. Tree regeneration varied sharply across the climate gradient; seedling frequency and diversity declined and nurse log use increased from the driest to wettest climates. Life history attributes of riparian tree species provided important clues to their regeneration success in different environments. These relationships were explored in a model that linked species shade and drought tolerance with expected variation in the environment caused by climate and disturbance. The model accurately predicted regeneration patterns for four of five functional groups of tree species. The studies in this dissertation provided compelling evidence of regional variation in riparian vegetation composition, diversity, and dynamics, illustrating that these communities are strongly shaped by landscape scale as well as local scale factors. Moreover, climate-related differences among riparian sites were at least as important as the local variation within them in explaining spatial vegetation patterns. These findings argue for a multiscale perspective of riparian forest ecology that closely integrates larger scale controls, such as climate, with local hydrologic processes.
Download or read book Sacramento San Joaquin Delta Historical Ecology Investigation written by Alison Whipple and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This historical reconstruction documents patterns of variation and extent of habitat types throughout the Delta for improved understanding of species support functions and controlling physical processes within the native landscape. Knowing how different parts of the vast historical Delta looked and functioned provides needed information for future restoration strategies. Given the extensive changes to the Delta, the goal of the project is not to create a literal template from which to recreate the historical Delta. Rather the objective is to understand how large-scale restoration can support an ecosystem in the future Delta that reflects functions to which native species are adapted. This involves recognizing physical gradients along which ecosystems can adapt as the Delta continues to change." -- project web site.
Download or read book Niche Based Modeling of Japanese Stiltgrass Microstegium Vimineum Using Presence Only Information written by Nathan Bush and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Connecticut River watershed is experiencing a rapid invasion of aggressive non-native plant species, which threaten watershed function and structure. Volunteer-based monitoring programs such as the University of Massachusetts' OutSmart Invasives Species Project, Early Detection Distribution Mapping System (EDDMapS) and the Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (IPANE) have gathered valuable invasive plant data. These programs provide a unique opportunity for researchers to model invasive plant species utilizing citizen-sourced data. This study took advantage of these large data sources to model invasive plant distribution and to determine environmental and biophysical predictors that are most influential in dispersion, and to identify a suitable presence-only model for use by conservation biologists and land managers at varying spatial scales. This research focused on the invasive plant species of high interest - Japanese stiltgrass (Mircostegium vimineum). This was identified as a threat by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuge biologists and refuge managers, but for which no mutli-scale practical and systematic approach for detection, has yet been developed. Environmental and biophysical variables include factors directly affecting species physiology and locality such as annual temperatures, growing degree days, soil pH, available water supply, elevation, closeness to hydrology and roads, and NDVI. Spatial scales selected for this study include New England (regional), the Connecticut River watershed (watershed), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife, Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge, Salmon River Division (local). At each spatial scale, three software programs were implemented: maximum entropy habitat model by means of the MaxEnt software, ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) using Openmodeller software, and a generalized linear model (GLM) employed in the statistical software R. Results suggest that each modeling algorithm performance varies among spatial scales. The best fit modeling software designated for each scale will be useful for refuge biologists and managers in determining where to allocate resources and what areas are prone to invasion. Utilizing the regional scale results, managers will understand what areas on a broad-scale are at risk of M. vimineum invasion under current climatic variables. The watershed-scale results will be practical for protecting areas designated as most critical for ensuring the persistence of rare and endangered species and their habitats. Furthermore, the local-scale, or fine-scale, analysis will be directly useful for on-the-ground conservation efforts. Managers and biologists can use results to direct resources to areas where M. vimineum is most likely to occur to effectively improve early detection rapid response (EDRR).
