Download or read book Modeling of Hourly Stream Temperatures Within Two Forested Catchments written by Cindie Hébert and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Water temperature is a key physical habitat determinant in lotic ecosystems as it influences many physical, chemical and biological properties of rivers. Hence, a good understanding of the thermal regime of rivers is essential for effective management of water and fisheries resources. This study deals with the modeling of hourly stream watertemperature using a deterministic model, an equilibrium temperature model and an artificial neural network model. The water temperature models were applied on two thermally different streams, namely, the Little Southwest Miramichi River (LSWM) and Catamaran Brook (Cat Bk) in New Brunswick, Canada. The deterministic model calculated the different heat fluxes at the water surface and from the streambed, using different hydrometeorological conditions. Results showed that microclimate data are essential in making accurate estimates of the surface heat fluxes. Results also showed that for larger river systems, the surface heat fluxes were generally the dominant component of the heat budget with a correspondingly smaller contribution from the streambed (90%). As watercourses became smaller and as groundwater contribution became more significant, the streambed contribution became important (20%). The equilibrium temperature model is a simplified version of the deterministic model where the total heat flux at the surface is assumed to be proportional to the difference between the water temperature and the equilibrium temperature. The poor model performance compared to the other models developed in this study suggested that the air and equilibrium temperature did not reflect entirely the total heat flux at an hourly scale.
Download or read book MODELING OF HOURLY STREAM TEMPERATURES WITHIN TWO FORESTED written by Cindie Hebert and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability written by Assefa Melesse and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability: Monitoring, Modelling, Adaptation and Mitigation is a compilation of contributions by experts from around the world who discuss extreme hydrology topics, from monitoring, to modeling and management. With extreme climatic and hydrologic events becoming so frequent, this book is a critical source, adding knowledge to the science of extreme hydrology. Topics covered include hydrometeorology monitoring, climate variability and trends, hydrological variability and trends, landscape dynamics, droughts, flood processes, and extreme events management, adaptation and mitigation. Each of the book's chapters provide background and theoretical foundations followed by approaches used and results of the applied studies. This book will be highly used by water resource managers and extreme event researchers who are interested in understanding the processes and teleconnectivity of large-scale climate dynamics and extreme events, predictability, simulation and intervention measures. - Presents datasets used and methods followed to support the findings included, allowing readers to follow these steps in their own research - Provides variable methodological approaches, thus giving the reader multiple hydrological modeling information to use in their work - Includes a variety of case studies, thus making the context of the book relatable to everyday working situations for those studying extreme hydrology - Discusses extreme event management, including adaption and mitigation
Download or read book Estimating Water Temperatures in Small Streams in Western Oregon Using Neural Network Models written by John C. Risley and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream Temperature Modeling for Marys River Watershed written by Mamoon Mustafa and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High water temperatures in rivers have detrimental effects on riverine water quality and ecology. In this study, two river temperature models, within the agricultural watershed model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), were investigated for their ability to simulate water temperatures accurately throughout the year. The original temperature model within SWAT uses a linear approach to estimate stream temperature based on air temperature and does not account for hydrological components for calculating stream temperature. Recently, a new stream temperature model for SWAT was developed that combines meteorological with hydrological components such as lateral flow, snowmelt, groundwater flow and surface runoff. The model also uses three elements for the stream temperature calculations – specifically, within a sub-basin (temperature and flow rate), upstream of sub-basin (temperature and incoming flow), and air-water temperature heat exchange transfer. The goal of this research was to improve the recently developed temperature model further by incorporating different types of heat exchange sources, in addition to air-water heat transfer. The edited model was tested for Marys River, a west tributary of the Willamette River in Oregon. The output from the edited model was then compared with observed stream temperatures, for different spatial locations within the watershed to assess the model efficiency. The results showed a good agreement for forested region compared to Ficklin’s default model with RMSE of both models matching. However, there were over predictions and more noise in predicting stream temperature for agricultural region within the watershed in which resulted in higher RMSE for edited model.
Download or read book Simulation of Water Available for Runoff in Clearcut Forest Openings During Rain on snow Events in the Western Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington written by Marijke van Heeswijk and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods in Stream Ecology written by F. Richard Hauer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Stream Ecology provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This two part new edition is updated to reflect recent advances in the technology associated with ecological assessment of streams, including remote sensing. Volume focusses on ecosystem structure with in-depth sections on Physical Processes, Material Storage and Transport and Stream Biota. With a student-friendly price, this Third Edition is key for all students and researchers in stream and freshwater ecology, freshwater biology, marine ecology, and river ecology. This text is also supportive as a supplementary text for courses in watershed ecology/science, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and landscape ecology. Methods in Stream Ecology, 3rd Edition, Volume 2: Ecosystem Structure, is also available now! - Provides a variety of exercises in each chapter - Includes detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students - Presents taxonomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae - Includes website with tables and a link from Chapter 22: FISH COMMUNITY COMPOSITION to an interactive program for assessing and modeling fish numbers - Written by leading experts in stream ecology
Download or read book Water temperature dynamics in experimental field channels written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling the Effects of Climate Change on Streamflow and Stream Temperature in the South Fork of the Stillaguamish River written by Katherine Mary Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Stillaguamish River in northwest Washington State is an important regional water resource for local agriculture, industry, and First Nations tribes and a critical habitat for several threatened and endangered salmonid species, including the Chinook salmon. The river is currently subject to a temperature total maximum daily load, so it is important to understand how projected climate change will affect future stream temperatures and thus salmon populations. Snowpack is the main contributor to spring and summer streamflow and helps to mitigate stream temperatures as air temperatures rise through the summer in the South Fork of the Stillaguamish River. I used gridded historical meteorological data to calibrate the physically-based Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model and River Basin Model and then applied downscaled, gridded projected climate data to predict how a changing climate will influence hydrology and stream temperature in the South Fork basin through the end of the 21st century.
Download or read book Modeling the Effects of Climate Change on Stream Temperature in the Nooksack River Basin written by Stephanie E. Truitt and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stream temperatures in mountain streams in the western Cascade Mountains are heavily influenced by factors such as discharge, air temperature, and as in the case of the Nooksack River Basin in northwest Washington State; snow and glacial melt. The Nooksack basin is sensitive to warming climates due to the regions moderate Pacific maritime climate. Previous modeling studies in the upper Nooksack basins indicate a reduction in snowpack and spring runoff, and a recession of glaciers into the 21st century due to global climate change. How stream temperatures will respond to these changes is unknown. We use the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) coupled with a glacier dynamics model to simulate hydrology and the River Basin Model (RBM) to model stream temperature from present to the year 2090 in the North, Middle, and South forks of the Nooksack River basin. We simulate forecasted climate change effects on hydrology and stream temperature using gridded daily statically downscaled data from 10 global climate models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase Five (CMIP5) with two different representative concentration pathways (RCP) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Simulation results project a trending increase in stream temperature into the 21st century in all three forks of the Nooksack. There is a strong correlation between rising stream temperatures and warming air temperatures, decreasing stream discharge; and snow and glacial meltwater. We find that the highest stream temperatures and the greatest monthly mean 7-day average of the daily maximum stream temperature (7-DADMax) values are predicted in the lower relief, unglaciated South Fork basin. For the 30 years surrounding the 2075 time period, the mouth of the South Fork is forecasted to have a mean of 115 days above the 16 °C 7-day average of the daily maximum stream temperature threshold. Streams in the Middle and North fork basins with higher elevations that sustain more snow and glacier ice are slower to respond to warming climates due to meltwater contributions, especially in the next 50 years. Towards the end of this century, when snowpack and glacial volume is greatly decreased, the buffering effect of meltwater declines, and the North and Middle forks experience larger increases in mean daily stream temperature. For the 30 years surrounding the 2075 time period, the mouths of the Middle and North forks are forecasted to have means of 35 and 23 days, respectively, above the 16 °C 7-DADMax threshold.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream Temperature Monitoring and Modeling to Inform Restoration written by Jessica R. Wood and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water temperature is an important variable for aquatic ecosystems. Salmonid population numbers and distribution are heavily influenced by stream temperature, and there is growing concern about the health of salmonid populations with anticipated climate change. Managers are looking to efficiently evaluate options to maintain stream temperatures needed by salmonids. This study evaluated and compared stream temperature restoration alternatives in two streams with warm temperatures using stream temperature monitoring and modeling. The first study identified pockets of cold water that are important to native fish species in Nevada’s Walker River. Comparison of monitoring results with existing basin-scale model outputs identified two habitat features, beaver dams and irrigation return flow channels, that maximize stream temperature variability. Restoration should maintain and enhance these features, although different restoration approaches may be needed at different locations. This study may provide guidance for the interpretation of stream temperature results from other basin-scale models. The second study quantified stream temperature effects of wildfire and restoration plantings in Oregon’s Meadow Creek with current and projected mid-21st century climate. A stream temperature model developed and applied using Heat Source found restoration eliminated days above the lethal threshold (25 oC) for salmonids and decreased the number of days exceeding spawning criteria during spawning periods. Days exceeding salmonid spawning (13 oC) and rearing (18 oC) thresholds were reduced by all vegetation restoration scenarios, but eliminated by none. Results highlights the importance of the length and location of restoration, which can maximize pockets of cold water for salmonids or alleviate the impact of warm water sections.
Download or read book Stream Water Temperature Modelling in Forest Catchments microform written by Daniel Caissie and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Instream Water Temperature Model written by Fred D. Theurer and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream Temperature Drivers and Modelling in Headwater Catchments on the Eastern Slopes of the Canadian Rocky Mountains written by Ryan J. MacDonald and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stream Water Temperature Modeling Under Climate Change Scenarios B1 B2 written by Daniel Caissie and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
