Download or read book Modeling of Conservation Practices on a HUC 12 Watershed Scale Using Hydrological Simulation Program FORTRAN written by Greg Geimer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation practices are frequently used to try and restore the natural resilience of the landscape to retain water, decrease nutrient loads, and mitigate flooding. Quantifying the potential benefits of conservation practices can inform stakeholders and improve the effectiveness of watershed planning. To this end, an existing Hydrological Simulation Program --- FORTRAN (HSPF) model of the English River was enhanced to enable detailed modeling of conservation practices. Using site-specific nutrient removal wetlands and water and sediment control basins (WASCOBs) derived from the Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF) two 12-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC-12) watersheds within the English River, Headwaters North English River and Gritter Creek, were selected for modeling. Wetlands drain much larger areas than ponds that currently exist in the two watersheds. Average flood peak reductions are over 50% near the wetland sites, and diminish moving downstream to a few percent or less at the watershed outlets. Many WASCOBs exist in the two watersheds, but WASCOB use is minimal in other areas of the state. WASCOBs provide slightly more flood storage than ACPF wetlands but the storage isy distributed throughout the watershed. As a result the simulations show that the peak reduction is greater than for wetlands at many locations.
Download or read book Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program written by Brian Edward Skahill and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scaling Issues in Watershed Modeling for Water Quality written by Thomas Schmitz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hydrologic model of the Spring Creek watershed was developed using Hydrologic Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF). The objective of the modeling effort was to develop a high resolution hydrologic model capable of modeling water quality. The goal of the model was to represent contaminant loading on a smaller scale than previous modeling efforts in order to identify the most effective areas for implementation of Best Management Practices (BMP) and the most effective types of BMPs to employ.
Download or read book Integration of the Hydrologic Simulation Program FORTRAN HSPF Watershed Water Quality Model Into the Watershed Modeling System WMS written by Patrick N. Deliman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Watershed Modeling System Hydrological Simulation Program Watershed Model User Documentation and Tutorial written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) is an analytical tool designed to simulate hydrology and water quality in natural and man-made systems. HSPF is used to apply mathematical models to simulate the movement of water, sediment, and other constituents through watersheds. This analysis helps predict possible environmental problems in the watershed. With the growing need to care for and monitor the effects of man on the environment, it became apparent that a method for rapid analysis of those effects was needed. The Watershed Modeling System (WMS) interface creates a way for the user to input a multitude of parameters into the input file and then to run HSPF. The input parameters are linked to all the tools within WMS including automated basin delineation and parameter definition using a graphical user interface. As mentioned above, the purpose of including an interface to HSPF in WMS is to provide a way for engineers to delineate a water-shed and set up an HSPF model quickly. The watershed delineation tools, as well as the Geological Information System tools, in WMS allow automated development of much of the input necessary for HSPF. However, several new tools and dialogs have been added to complete the HSPF input data. To begin an HSPF simulation in WMS, the HSPF data must be initialized for the watershed model. This is a simple procedure that involves the click of a button within the HSPF Global Options dialog box. Once the data are initialized, the user may access the various dialog boxes within the HSPF interface. The following sections will describe the input dialogs involved in the interface and will explain the expected input parameters. It is recommended that the user consult the HSPF documentation to receive a complete description of how HSPF uses the parameters.
Download or read book Continuous Watershed scale Hydrologic Modeling of Conservation Practices for Peak Flow Reduction written by Michael Krasowski and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scenarios run were the return of row crop acres to native vegetation, improved soil health via cover crops and no-till farming, distributed wetlands, conversion of river-adjacent row crop elements to native vegetation, and conversion of stream order one river-adjacent row crop elements to native vegetation. Results for the seventeen year study period show the average peak flow reductions simulated for the conservation scenarios are 82, 39, 9, 13, and 9 percent respectively for annual maximums and 75, 29, 10, 11, and 7.5 percent respectively for the peaks over the 2-year flood threshold. Of the five scenarios modeled, only native vegetation and cover crops were able to offset the increased precipitation anticipated from climate change.
Download or read book Developing an Integrated Multi scale Modeling System for Assessing Conservation Benefits in Subsurface Drained Watersheds written by Vinayak Shamrao Shedekar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An integrated modeling framework was developed by linking the relevant features of DRAINMOD-NII, a field scale hydrologic simulation model with SWAT-2005, a watershed scale simulation model. The uncertainty associated with rainfall measurements as an input parameter common to field as well as watershed scale modeling was assessed by conducting static and dynamic calibration of three tipping bucket raingauge models. Rainfall data measured in a subwatershed (B) of the Upper Big Walnut Creek were then corrected using the calibration equations. A sensitivity analysis using uncorrected versus corrected rainfall data showed significant potential biases in model predictions due to errors in rainfall measurements. The second phase of study involved calibration and validation of DRAINMOD-NII for drainage discharge and nitrate (NO3-N) loads from two subsurface drained fields monitored within the watershed-B. DRAINMOD-NII predicted the monthly, seasonal and annual hydrology and NO3-N loads with good accuracy. Effects of drainage water management (DWM) on annual water and NO3-N budgets were predicted fairly well. However, the hydraulic interdependence of the two fields may have affected the nutrient balance, and hence the estimates of reductions. In the third phase, SWAT-2005 was used to simulate hydrology and nitrogen transport at watershed scale. Overall, SWAT significantly under-estimated the stream discharges at daily, monthly and annual scales. The model performance was relatively better for monthly simulations (NSE of 0.64 and R2 value of 0.67). The total watershed yield on annual basis predicted by the model showed a systematic under-estimation, especially during winter and spring months. Nitrate load simulations by SWAT were unsatisfactory at daily, monthly, as well as annual basis (negative NSE values and slope values close to zero). The nitrate loads and concentrations were several folds lower than those observed during the study period. The errors in simulation of nitrate loading were primarily due to the under-estimation of watershed yield, and also likely due to the combined uncertainty associated with management inputs. Overall, SWAT-2005 posed some major limitations for modeling agricultural watersheds dominated by subsurface drainage. The final phase of study involved integrating DRAINMOD-NII with SWAT-2005 in order to facilitate better representation of field-scale processes and management within the watershed. The integrated model helped improve the sub-watershed scale prediction accuracy of SWAT with respect to daily, monthly and annual drainage discharges and nitrate loads. The improvements in drainage discharges were more prominent during wet years than during dryer years. The integrated framework was able to predict more realistic magnitudes and variations of daily, monthly and annual drainage outflows. The nitrate flows were predicted with a greater accuracy by the integrated model, compared to those by SWAT-based approach. The integrated framework may be further used to evaluate the effects of implementation field-scale management practices, such as DWM, sub-irrigation, and waste-water application.
Download or read book Integration of the Hydrologic Simulation Program FORTRAN HSPF Watershed Water Quality Model Into the Watershed Modeling System WMS WES Technical Report W 99 2 September 1999 written by Patrick N. Deliman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integration of the Hydrologic Simulation Program FORTRAN HSPF Watershed Water Quality Model Into the Watershed Modeling System WMS written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integration of the watershed water quality model Hydrologic Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) into the Watershed Modeling System (WMS) was initiated as part of an overall goal of the Water Quality Research Program to provide water quality capabilities within the framework of a comprehensive graphical modeling environment for conducting hydrologic and water quality analysis. The WMS interface creates a way for the user to input a multitude of parameters into the input file and then to run HSPF to get the required output. The input parameters are linked to all the tools within WMS, including automated basin delineation and parameter definition using a graphical user interface. The objective of the interface developed in WMS is to provide graphical representation of HSPF data, as well as automate the definition of many of the required parameters. Many of the basic variables required for HSPF input are computed as part of WMS's basic functionality; additionally, specialty functions have been added to WMS to enable the usage of HSPF directly with data output from WMS. This report describes the initial linkage of HSPF into the WMS.
Download or read book Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scales written by Dengfeng Liu and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2023-03-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale is a key topic in the field of hydrology. The hydrological model is an important tool in understanding the impact of climate change and human activities on rainfall-runoff processes, and especially on water resources for human beings in a changing environment. In the last two decades, with the development of satellite remote sensing and artificial intelligence, many new datasets and methods have been introduced into hydrological modeling. Hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale is an important and fundamental research field in hydrology. Therefore, we proposed a Special Issue entitled "Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scales" in Water to publish results regarding the recent progress in hydrological modeling at the watershed scale against global changes. Before the deadline for the submission of manuscripts to this Special Issue, we received many manuscripts regarding hydrological modeling at the watershed scale. In total, ten articles have been published in this Special Issue. Researchers interested in hydrological modeling and the impacts of environmental changes on water resources may be interested in this reprint.
Download or read book Waterford River Basin Urban Hydrology Study written by H. Y. F Ng and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Hydrologic Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has been used for continuous simulation of streamflow in the Waterford River Basin. Details of setting-up and running the model on the NWRI CYBER 171 computer system are presented together with a sample run"--Abstract.
Download or read book Evaluation of Impacts of Conservation Practices on Surface Water and Groundwater at Watershed Scale written by Xiaojing Ni and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For an agricultural watershed, best management practice (BMP) is a conservational way to prevent non-point source pollution, soil and water loss and mitigate groundwater declination. In this dissertation, several BMPs of tail water recovery system, conservation tillage system and crop rotation were selected and evaluated in order to demonstrate the impacts of those activities on stream water quality and quantity. Besides, a land use change scenario was also evaluated. In order to evaluate the scenarios comprehensively, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Annualized Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution (AnnAGNPS) were applied to simulate surface hydrology scenarios, and Modular flow (MODFLOW) models was used to simulate groundwater level change. This dissertation contains several novel methods regarding to model simulation including (i) using satellite imagery data to detect possible tail water recovery ponds, (ii) simulating surface and groundwater connected, (iii) selecting land use change area based on local trend and spatial relationship, (iv) comparing scenarios between two models. The outcomes from this dissertation included scenarios comparison on surface water quantity and quality, groundwater level change for long term simulation, and comparison between surface water models.
Download or read book Evaluation of Conservation Practices Effect on Water Quality Using the SWAT Model written by Vivek Venishetty and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deterioration of water quality due to human-driven alternations has an adverse effect on the environment. More than 50% of surveyed surface water bodies in the United States (US) are classified as impaired waters as per the Clean Water Act. The pollutants affecting the water quality in the US are classified as point and non-point sources. Pollutant mitigation strategies such as the selective implementation of best management practices (BMPs) based on the severity of the pollution could improve water quality by reducing the amounts of pollutants. Quantifying the efficiency of a specific management practice can be difficult for large watersheds. Complex hydrologic models are used to assess water quality and quantity at watershed scales. This study used a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) that can simulate a longer time series for hydrologic and water quality assessments in the Yazoo River Watershed (YRW). This research aims to estimate streamflow, sediment, and nutrient load reductions by implementing various BMPs in the watershed. BMPs such as vegetative filter strips (VFS), riparian buffers, and cover crops were applied in this study. Results from these scenarios indicated that the combination of VFS and riparian buffers at the watershed scale had the highest reduction in sediment and nutrient loads. Correspondingly, a comparative analysis of BMP implementation at the field and watershed scale showed the variability in the reduction of streamflow, sediment, and nutrient loads. The results indicated that combining VFS and CC at the field scale watershed had a greater nutrient reduction than at the watershed scale. Likewise, this study investigated the soil-specific sediment load assessments for predominant soils in the YRW, which resulted in soil types of Alligator, Sharkey, and Memphis soils being highly erodible from the agricultural-dominant region. This study also included the effect of historical land use and land-cover (LULC) change on water quality. The analysis revealed that there was a significant decrease in pastureland and a simultaneous increase in forest and wetlands, which showed a decreasing trend in hydrologic and water quality outputs. Results from this study could be beneficial in decision-making for prescribing appropriate conservation practices
Download or read book Green Energy written by Dustin Mulvaney and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colorful bracelets, funky brooches, and beautiful handmade beads: young crafters learn to make all these and much more with this fantastic step-by-step guide. In 12 exciting projects with simple steps and detailed instructions, budding fashionistas create their own stylish accessories to give as gifts or add a touch of personal flair to any ensemble. Following the successful "Art Smart" series, "Craft Smart" presents a fresh, fun approach to four creative skills: knitting, jewelry-making, papercrafting, and crafting with recycled objects. Each book contains 12 original projects to make, using a range of readily available materials. There are projects for boys and girls, carefully chosen to appeal to readers of all abilities. A special "techniques and materials" section encourages young crafters to try out their own ideas while learning valuable practical skills.
Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.
Download or read book Watershed Hydrology Management and Modeling written by Abrar Yousuf and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a comprehensive insight into watersheds and modeling of the hydrological processes in the watersheds. It covers the concepts of watershed hydrology and watershed management in depth. The basic types, of soil erosion and its measurement and estimation of runoff and soil loss from the small and large watersheds are discussed. Recent advances in the watershed management like the application of remote sensing and GIS and hydrological models are a part of the book. The book serve as a guide for professional and competitive examinations for undergraduate students of Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering and graduate students of Soil Science, Soil and Water Engineering, Agricultural Physics, Hydrology and Watershed Management.
Download or read book Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary, as well as an important commercial and recreational resource. However, excessive amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from human activities and land development have disrupted the ecosystem, causing harmful algae blooms, degraded habitats, and diminished populations of many species of fish and shellfish. In 1983, the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) was established, based on a cooperative partnership among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the state of Maryland, and the commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia, to address the extent, complexity, and sources of pollutants entering the Bay. In 2008, the CBP launched a series of initiatives to increase the transparency of the program and heighten its accountability and in 2009 an executive order injected new energy into the restoration. In addition, as part of the effect to improve the pace of progress and increase accountability in the Bay restoration, a two-year milestone strategy was introduced aimed at reducing overall pollution in the Bay by focusing on incremental, short-term commitments from each of the Bay jurisdictions. The National Research Council (NRC) established the Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction in Improve Water Quality in 2009 in response to a request from the EPA. The committee was charged to assess the framework used by the states and the CBP for tracking nutrient and sediment control practices that are implemented in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and to evaluate the two-year milestone strategy. The committee was also to assess existing adaptive management strategies and to recommend improvements that could help CBP to meet its nutrient and sediment reduction goals. The committee did not attempt to identify every possible strategy that could be implemented but instead focused on approaches that are not being implemented to their full potential or that may have substantial, unrealized potential in the Bay watershed. Because many of these strategies have policy or societal implications that could not be fully evaluated by the committee, the strategies are not prioritized but are offered to encourage further consideration and exploration among the CBP partners and stakeholders.
