Download or read book Modeling and Simulating the Network Behavior of Agencies During Disaster Relief Operations written by John B. Coles and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this dissertation is to advance the study of disaster response and recovery (generally, disaster relief) by providing insight and tools to agencies that work in disaster relief. In disaster relief, resources such as time, money, and personnel are essential to the success of the effort and must be closely guarded and wisely invested. As the scale of the disaster increases (e. g. , amount of need), so does the number of agencies, the amount of money, and the number of volunteers. As people and resources converge onto a community impacted by a disaster, the problems of partnership management and coordination become increasingly complicated. This dissertation explores some of the common challenges of interagency coordination and looks at how game theory, network analysis, and agent-based simulation/optimization can provide insight and solutions for people and agencies working to help disaster survivors. This dissertation was developed in response to countless hours working alongside and talking with emergency managers and aid workers who wanted tools that could help them determine with greater accuracy the amount of resources and types of partnerships that are worth investing in following a disaster or extreme event. The recent earthquakes in Japan, Chili, China, and Haiti, as well as the ongoing preparation for similar earthquakes in the New Madrid Seismic Zone in the U. S. , make it imperative to increase our understanding of interagency dynamics after a disaster. This dissertation explores the development of a model that will support statistical analysis of agency behavior in a network during response operations around the world. Some of the key advances presented in the dissertation are: (a) An optimization model that explores the concept of resource allocation in a disaster relief environment using the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Society's Code of Conduct; (b) A game theory-based model for partner selection in the presence of uncertainty; and (c) An interagency network simulation engine called DRAMAS (Disaster Response Agent-based network Management and Adaptation System) developed based on current disaster relief literature, hands-on experience, and the results of interviews and experiments in disaster operations. Preliminary results of this work has been presented at conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals over the last five years. Research partnerships with disaster relief organizations around the world have yielded high quality data about decision making in disaster environments, and have proved to be an excellent avenue for the dissemination of research findings. Data from interviews and experiments have provided the mechanics of DRAMAS for how agencies interact during disaster relief operations, and is designed to be scaled to a variety of different scenarios. Work in partnership selection and behavior has yielded the publication of three papers in peer-reviewed journals, several working papers on data collected after disasters, and insight into the mechanics of the interagency partner selection and resource allocation process. Finally, work in the area of network behavior has provided interesting insights and new tools for data collection, analysis, and dissemination. This work is built on extensive research of disaster management and provides a comprehensive analysis of agency posturing following an extreme event. The DRAMAS model uses game theory and stochastic processes to explore the complex interactions between relief agencies of different sizes and capabilities. The decision models in Chapters 3-5, and the DRAMAS simulation environment provide an excellent testing ground for hypotheses regarding relief agency partnerships, goals, roles, and prior involvement, by providing a depiction of the change in agency partnerships and resource investments following a disaster. The goal of this research is to expand the current body of knowledge and examine the fundamental principles of agency success during relief operations. Results from this work provide a path for improving our understanding of interagency partnerships and interaction, and could provide new insights into the behavior of agency networks in response to a disaster.

Download or read book Modeling and Simulating Command and Control written by Il-Chul Moon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commanding and controlling organizations in extreme situations is a challenging task in military, intelligence, and disaster management. Such command and control must be quick, effective, and considerate when dealing with the changing, complex, and risky conditions of the situation. To enable optimal command and control under extremes, robust structures and efficient operations are required of organizations. This work discusses how to design and conduct virtual experiments on resilient organizational structures and operational practices using modeling and simulation. The work illustrates key aspects of robustly networked organizations and modeled performance of human decision-makers through examples of naval-air defense, counterterrorism operations, and disaster responses.

Download or read book Models to Improve Efficiency of Disaster Relief Operations written by Merve Ozen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on relief distribution operations, which is one of the critical activities during disaster response. Immediately after a disaster, relief items such as water, blankets, tents are distributed from relief centers (RCs) for the affected victims. To understand challenges in relief distribution we conducted interviews with several relief agencies and identified design and setup of relief centers, management of large crowds, dynamically changing victim needs due to changing conditions, limited number of volunteers and convergence of donations as critical challenges. In this thesis we develop models that can provide decision support to efficiently address these problems. We first focus our attention on analyzing relief center (RC) designs, to control the crowd and minimize the waiting time of victims that queue up to receive aid. We analyze current practice using a queuing model and propose a methodology to evaluate alternate designs. Next, we focus on modeling a network of relief centers and analyze the impact of victim mobility on relief distribution performance. We model a network of relief centers distributing aid as a generalized queuing network (G-network) and develop theoretical results and approximations that can quantify the effect of victim mobility on distribution efficiency. Next, we focus on quantifying material convergence, which refers to relief items, from many sources flowing into the affected region in very high volumes and over a short period of time. We propose a transient queuing model to quantify material convergence and derive methods to optimize resource allocation decisions. Next, we conduct simulation studies that can be used to analyze performance of RCs using a transient analysis and identify the optimal relief center designs. This research provides contributions to both theory and practice. First, we propose queuing models to represent the inherent queuing effects that impact disaster relief operations. We develop solution methodologies to solve these queuing models and determine operational insights. We then apply the developed methodologies to 2015 Nepal earthquake data and provide insights on how to improve disaster relief distribution. We believe that this research will help emphasize critical factors that will improve relief distribution efficiency in the field and provide a basis for decision support.

Download or read book Multi agent Network Modeling for Rapid Response Against Public Emergency in Communities written by Xiaoru Shi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavily populated communities such as cities, universities, and townships are at heightened threat when facing public emergencies, susceptible to significant financial losses and casualties due to their intricate landscapes and high population mobility. The critical need for robust and effective emergency response policies is acknowledged by community administrations. However, there exists a lack of comprehensive analysis of community-wide response processes. Furthermore, little progress has been achieved in establishing a community pedestrian network model to scrutinize response procedures for multiple concurrent and diverse emergencies. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a simulation model that reflects community layout, and pedestrian flow and accurately represents pedestrian behavior in response to diverse emergencies. This paper unveils a multi-agent community network model to simulate and assess pedestrian response processes in emergency scenarios. First, we develop a community network model that represents different complex real-world communities with flow networks, utilizing publicly accessible map data. Second, we propose human and hazard agents to model pedestrians with diverse pedestrian behaviors and emergencies with distinct characteristics. Lastly, simulation experiments are conducted to assess the correlation between the panic level and the efficacy of response procedures. The designed multi-agent community network model is corroborated through experiments involving simulated emergency responses staged at a large-scale campus under uncertainties from pedestrian flow and hazard occurrences. Experimental results validate the ability of the proposed approach to represent pedestrian flows on complex campuses and provide sufficient environments for response process evaluations. The outcome analysis of simulation experiments provides valid evidence that matches the nuances of pedestrian behavior proposed in the model in response to diverse emergencies in complex communities. This advancement offers significant potential to aid community administrators and researchers in developing and testing resilient emergency response strategies in case of public emergencies.

Download or read book Reliable Post Disaster Services over Smartphone Based DTN written by Souvik Basu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a framework and strategies for reliable end-to-end post-disaster services using smartphone-based delay-tolerant networks, which can operate even in the absence of conventional network connectivity. It explores various aspects of this challenge, ranging from accurate need assessment, to timely need accumulation, efficient resource allocation, and reliable data dissemination. The book offers insightful reading for all technologists and researchers working in the domain of ICT-based disaster management in developing countries, and will help them grasp the challenges involved in providing post-disaster services in an extremely difficult network scenario, while also offering possible solutions. The book will also benefit disaster management authorities, government agencies, NGOs and other stakeholders, helping them enhance their preparedness through the intelligent use of wireless technologies coupled with smart devices.

Download or read book Social Computing in Homeland Security Disaster Promulgation and Response written by Ding, Amy Wenxuan and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents a theoretical framework addressing how to enhance national response capabilities and ready the public in the presence of human-made or natural disasters"--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book Behavioral Modeling and Simulation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-07-04 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's military missions have shifted away from fighting nation states using conventional weapons toward combating insurgents and terrorist networks in a battlespace in which the attitudes and behaviors of civilian noncombatants may be the primary effects of military actions. To support these new missions, the military services are increasingly interested in using models of the behavior of humans, as individuals and in groups of various kinds and sizes. Behavioral Modeling and Simulation reviews relevant individual, organizational, and societal (IOS) modeling research programs, evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the programs and their methodologies, determines which have the greatest potential for military use, and provides guidance for the design of a research program to effectively foster the development of IOS models useful to the military. This book will be of interest to model developers, operational military users of the models and their managers, and government personnel making funding decisions regarding model development.

Download or read book Partnerships for Community Preparedness written by David F. Gillespie and published by Institute of Behavioral Science University of Colorado. This book was released on 1993 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Asset Supply Networks in Humanitarian Operations written by Jon M. Stauffer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International humanitarian organizations (IHOs) respond to mega disasters while maintaining development programs in the rest of the world (ROW). This means an IHO's asset supply network must perform the challenging task of supporting a fast disaster response while simulta- neously maintaining cost-effective ROW development programs. We study how supply network asset flows are impacted during a mega disaster response and find that resource fluidity, the capability to reallocate resources quickly, impacts both mega disaster and ROW program asset flows within these supply networks. Using data from a large IHO's response to a mega disaster and econometric models, we find a dependency between ROW asset flow and mega disaster asset flow in IHOs with resource fluidity. As mega disaster flow increases, there is a decrease in hub-to-hub ROW asset flows and an increase in other ROW asset flows. This is contrary to most humanitarian operations research, which typically assumes independent asset flows. Because of resource fluidity, the combination of these flows does not compromise ROW operations. We use these empirical results to feed a simulation analysis that extends our research to IHOs without resource fluidity and provides actionable insights for varying types of IHOs in various demand scenarios. Simulation insights illustrate that resource fluidity impacts IHO asset supply network costs and optimal configurations.

Download or read book Blockchain Enabled Resilience written by Polinpapilinho F. Katina and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-03-17 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a first-of-its-kind approach for using blockchain to enhance resilience in disaster supply chain and logistics management, especially when dealing with dynamic communication, relief operations, prioritization, coordination, and distribution of scarce resources — these are elements of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) describing a dynamic environment that now form the "new norm" for many leaders. Blockchain-Enabled Resilience: An Integrated Approach for Disaster Supply Chain and Logistics Management analyzes the application of blockchain technology used to enable resilience in a disaster supply chain network. It discusses IoT and DVFS algorithms for developing a network-based simulation and presents advancements in disaster supply chain strategies using smart contacts for collaborations. The book covers how success is based on collaboration, coordination, sovereignty, and equality in distributing resources and offers a theoretical analysis that reveals that enhancing resilience can improve collaboration and communication and can result in more time-efficient processing for disaster supply management. The book offers a first-of-its-kind approach for managers and policy-makers as well as researchers interested in using blockchain to enhance resilience in disaster supply chains, especially when dealing with dynamic communication, relief operations, prioritization, coordination, and distribution of scarce resources. Practical guidance is provided for managers interested in implementation. A robust research agenda is also provided for those interested in expanding present research.

Download or read book Facing Hazards and Disasters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-09-10 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social science research conducted since the late 1970's has contributed greatly to society's ability to mitigate and adapt to natural, technological, and willful disasters. However, as evidenced by Hurricane Katrina, the Indian Ocean tsunami, the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, and other recent events, hazards and disaster research and its application could be improved greatly. In particular, more studies should be pursued that compare how the characteristics of different types of events-including predictability, forewarning, magnitude, and duration of impact-affect societal vulnerability and response. This book includes more than thirty recommendations for the hazards and disaster community.

Download or read book Emergency Operations Scheduling of a Supply Chain Network in Disaster Reliefs written by Hui Dong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study works on the operations scheduling problem of an emergency supply chain that provides relief goods to affected areas after a disaster. Specifically, we focus on the production and distribution of the disaster relief kit, an emergency package used in disaster relief which includes critical resources for coping with the situation after a disaster. The whole dissertation includes three essays and a simulation chapter. In the first essay, a thorough literature review is conducted which includes two parts. The first part investigates general integrated distribution and production problems (IPDP), and models/solution approaches used to solve these problems. The second part of the literature review is on the emergency supply chain in disaster relief specifically. In this part, both survey papers and papers dealing with specific problems in this field are reviewed. Based on the review, we compare the commercial supply chain and the emergency supply chain in disaster relief, and identify gaps in the research and practice of disaster relief supply chain management. The second and third essays study the specific supply chain network that produces and distributes the disaster relief kits. First of all, a structure is proposed for the supply chain network, assumptions are made, and the general problem of optimally scheduling and operating the supply chain is defined which is NP hard. Following that, the second essay investigates a special variation of the general problem and proves it to be strongly polynomial solvable. In the third essay, the structural properties of the general problem are analyzed, and an LP relaxation based heuristic is proposed to solve the general problem efficiently. The performance of the heuristic is tested through extensive numerical experiments. Finally, we evaluate two policies on the strategic level of the supply chain through simulation. Observations obtained through the simulation studies are used to support the development of managerial policies for the future disaster relief. In this dissertation, the three essays are structured to form a coherent body as described above on the topic of the emergency scheduling operations of a supply chain in disaster relief considering lead time and tardiness penalties.

Download or read book Modeling and Simulation Tools for Emerging Telecommunication Networks written by Nejat Ince and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-10 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises a selection of papers presented at a symposium organized under the aegis of COST Telecommunications Action 285. The main objective of the book is to enhance existing tools and develop new modeling and simulation tools for research in emerging multi-service telecommunication networks in the areas of model performance improvements, multilayer traffic modeling, and the important issue of evaluation and validation of the new modeling tools.

Download or read book Agent Based Simulation From Modeling Methodologies to Real World Applications written by Takao Terano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-18 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agent-based modeling/simulation is an emerging field that uses bottom-up and experimental analysis in the social sciences. Selected research from that presented at the Third International Workshop on Agent-Based Approaches in Economic and Social Complex Systems 2004, held in May 2004 in Kyoto, Japan, is included in this book. The aim of the workshop was to employ the bottom-up approach to social and economic problems by modeling, simulation, and analysis using a software agent. This research area is an emerging interdisciplinary field among the social sciences and computer science, attracting broad attention because it introduces a simulation-based experimental approach to problems that are becoming increasingly complex in an era of globalization and innovation in information technology. The state-of-the-art research and findings presented in this book will be indispensable tools for anyone involved in this rapidly growing discipline.

Download or read book Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications written by Larry B. Rainey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “...a much-needed handbook with contributions from well-chosen practitioners. A primary accomplishment is to provide guidance for those involved in modeling and simulation in support of Systems of Systems development, more particularly guidance that draws on well-conceived academic research to define concepts and terms, that identifies primary challenges for developers, and that suggests fruitful approaches grounded in theory and successful examples.” Paul Davis, The RAND Corporation Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the underlying theory, methods, and solutions in modeling and simulation support for system of systems engineering. Highlighting plentiful multidisciplinary applications of modeling and simulation, the book uniquely addresses the criteria and challenges found within the field. Beginning with a foundation of concepts, terms, and categories, a theoretical and generalized approach to system of systems engineering is introduced, and real-world applications via case studies and examples are presented. A unified approach is maintained in an effort to understand the complexity of a single system as well as the context among other proximate systems. In addition, the book features: Cutting edge coverage of modeling and simulation within the field of system of systems, including transportation, system health management, space mission analysis, systems engineering methodology, and energy State-of-the-art advances within multiple domains to instantiate theoretic insights, applicable methods, and lessons learned from real-world applications of modeling and simulation The challenges of system of systems engineering using a systematic and holistic approach Key concepts, terms, and activities to provide a comprehensive, unified, and concise representation of the field A collection of chapters written by over 40 recognized international experts from academia, government, and industry A research agenda derived from the contribution of experts that guides scholars and researchers towards open questions Modeling and Simulation Support for System of Systems Engineering Applications is an ideal reference and resource for academics and practitioners in operations research, engineering, statistics, mathematics, modeling and simulation, and computer science. The book is also an excellent course book for graduate and PhD-level courses in modeling and simulation, engineering, and computer science.

Download or read book Modeling Simulation and Optimization written by Shkelzen Cakaj and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a collection of chapters dealing with a wide selection of topics concerning different applications of modeling. It includes modeling, simulation and optimization applications in the areas of medical care systems, genetics, business, ethics and linguistics, applying very sophisticated methods. Algorithms, 3-D modeling, virtual reality, multi objective optimization, finite element methods, multi agent model simulation, system dynamics simulation, hierarchical Petri Net model and two level formalism modeling are tools and methods employed in these papers.

Download or read book 2014 International Conference on Information GIS and Resource Management written by and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2014 International Conference on Information GIS and Resource Management (ICGRM2014) was held in Guangzhou, China, from January 3 to January 5, 2014. ICGRM2014 aims to bring researchers, engineers, and students to the areas of GIS and Resource Management. ICGRM2014 features unique mixed topics of Computer Science, Earth Science, Surveying and Mapping, and Resources and Environment Science in the context of building healthier ecology and environment. The conference will provide a forum for sharing experiences and original research contributions on those topics. The proceedings of ICGRM2014 tends to collect the up-to-date, comprehensive and worldwide state-of-art knowledge on GIS and resource management. All of accepted papers were subjected to strict peer-reviewing by 2-4 expert referees. The papers have been selected for this proceedings based on originality, significance, and clarity for the purpose of the conference. The selected papers and additional late-breaking contributions to be presented will make an exciting technical program on conference. The conference program is extremely rich, featuring high-impact presentation. We hope this conference will not only provide the participants a broad overview of the latest research results on GIS and resource management, but also provide the participants a significant platform to build academic connections. The Technical Program Committee worked very hard to have all papers reviewed before the review deadline. The final technical program consists of 57 papers which are divided into four sessions. The proceedings were published as a volume in by DEStech publishing Inc