Download or read book Modeling and control of power converters in weak and unbalanced electric grids written by Just, Hendrik and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2021-11-25 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grid converters increasingly affect power system operation due to the increasing share of renewable energy sources and less conventional power plants. This shift in power generation leads to converter-dominated weak grids, which show critical stability phenomena but also enable converters to contribute to grid stability and voltage support. This thesis presents critical parts of converter controls and describes models to assess their characteristics. These models are used to derive design criteria and dedicated stability analysis methods for grid converter controls. Der steigende Anteil an erneuerbaren Energien in den Energieversorgungsnetzen führt zur Verdrängung konventioneller Kraftwerke. Diese Entwicklung lässt umrichterdominierte und schwache Netzabschnitte entstehen, die kritischen Stabilitätsmechanismen unterliegen, allerdings auch ermöglichen, dass Umrichter aktiv zur Netzstützung und Netzstabilität beitragen können. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt kritische Regelungskomponenten der Umrichter und deren Modellierung. Auf Basis der Modelle werden Auslegungskriterien für die Regelungen abgeleitet und dedizierte Stabilitätsanalysemethoden präsentiert.

Download or read book Voltage Sourced Converters in Power Systems written by Amirnaser Yazdani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents Fundamentals of Modeling, Analysis, and Control of Electric Power Converters for Power System Applications Electronic (static) power conversion has gained widespread acceptance in power systems applications; electronic power converters are increasingly employed for power conversion and conditioning, compensation, and active filtering. This book presents the fundamentals for analysis and control of a specific class of high-power electronic converters—the three-phase voltage-sourced converter (VSC). Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems provides a necessary and unprecedented link between the principles of operation and the applications of voltage-sourced converters. The book: Describes various functions that the VSC can perform in electric power systems Covers a wide range of applications of the VSC in electric power systems—including wind power conversion systems Adopts a systematic approach to the modeling and control design problems Illustrates the control design procedures and expected performance based on a comprehensive set of examples and digital computer time-domain simulation studies This comprehensive text presents effective techniques for mathematical modeling and control design, and helps readers understand the procedures and analysis steps. Detailed simulation case studies are included to highlight the salient points and verify the designs. Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems is an ideal reference for senior undergraduate and graduate students in power engineering programs, practicing engineers who deal with grid integration and operation of distributed energy resource units, design engineers, and researchers in the area of electric power generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization.

Download or read book Modeling and Control of Sustainable Power Systems written by Lingfeng Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-09 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of the smart grid promises the world an efficient and intelligent approach of managing energy production, transportation, and consumption by incorporating intelligence, efficiency, and optimality into the power grid. Both energy providers and consumers can take advantage of the convenience, reliability, and energy savings achieved by real-time and intelligent energy management. To this end, the current power grid is experiencing drastic changes and upgrades. For instance, more significant green energy resources such as wind power and solar power are being integrated into the power grid, and higher energy storage capacity is being installed in order to mitigate the intermittency issues brought about by the variable energy resources. At the same time, novel power electronics technologies and operating strategies are being invented and adopted. For instance, Flexible AC transmission systems and phasor measurement units are two promising technologies for improving the power system reliability and power quality. Demand side management will enable the customers to manage the power loads in an active fashion. As a result, modeling and control of modern power grids pose great challenges due to the adoption of new smart grid technologies. In this book, chapters regarding representative applications of smart grid technologies written by world-renowned experts are included, which explain in detail various innovative modeling and control methods.

Download or read book Advanced Control of Grid Connected High Power Converters written by Chenghui Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-27 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high-power grid-connected converters play a vital role in modern power system, realizing the conversion and transmission of electrical energy, and determining its safety, stability and efficiency. This book explores the advanced control strategies of high-power grid-connected converter to satisfy the high-power requirements in practical applications. Special attention is given to grid-connected converter modules in parallel operation to overcome the challenges of non-ideal power grid, power switches faults, and circulating current. Through the advanced control strategies presented in this book, the power capacity of grid-connected converter is flexibly increased with high-reliability and efficiency, thus expanding the application range of high-power converters in modern power system. To facilitate understanding, this book provides step-by-step model derivation and controller design for grid-connected converter. Meanwhile, it also provides the comprehensive simulation and experimental results to offer readers a deep insight into the control process of grid-connected converters. This book serves as a guide for electrical engineers and researchers involved in the development of high-power converters.

Download or read book Detection and characterization of Lithium plating written by Long, Julian and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium plating is not only the most severe ageing mechanism in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but also becoming more and more important due the increasing presence of electric vehicles (EVs). In EVs the extreme conditions causing lithium plating, like very high charging currents and low environment temperatures, are much more prevalent than in consumer electronics. Due to the high number of factors that influence the plating process, ranging from the cell geometry to the chemical composition of the electrolyte, a deeper understanding of the plating process is still lacking. Without this knowledge it is hard to design cells in a plating resistant way, or to operate cells under the ideal conditions to minimize plating. This thesis aims at showing different methods to investigate the plating process on three different levels. The first method is on the cell level, investigating the behaviour of the whole cell during plating. It contains the analysis of the voltage and current profiles that show an atypical behaviour during plating. The focus of the analysis is on the current profile of the constant voltage (CV) phase during charging under low temperature conditions leading to plating. This current profile can be fitted with the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) function that describes the electrochemical deposition process of a metallic species on a surface. The resulting fitting parameters can be utilized to characterize the plating behaviour of the cell as well as better estimate the amount of plated lithium than commonly used methods. It can also potentially predict the future safety risk due to dendrite formation. In the second part the chemical composition of the surface electrolyte interface (SEI) is investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composition as well as the mechanical properties of the SEI are strongly influencing the plating process and preliminary work has shown that plating is also changing the morphology of the SEI and increasing its thickness drastically. Cells under different conditions (plated, charged and discharged) as well as cells of different manufacturers have been probed using XPS. During the measurements an unwanted side effect of the experimental setup was discovered that lead to a migration of lithium to the surface of the sample and was distorting the measurement results. Regardless of the effect, it was possible to see that the SEI can have a very different composition in cells of different manufacturers and that plating not only changes the morphology but also the composition of the SEI. The unwanted side effect could furthermore be utilized to identify samples that were plated recently and could be used in further more controlled experiments to localize lithium depositions on plated samples. In the last part the particle structure of the anode surface of cells of different manufacturers was investigated using a watershed particle detection algorithm on laser scanning microscopy (LSM) images of the anode surfaces. The distributions of the particle sizes have then been compared to the capacity loss in plated cells. It was shown that the capacity loss correlates with parameters extracted from the particle size distributions. It is however necessary to create more data to verify this correlation. In summary this thesis utilized new methods to detect or characterize plating on different levels of magnification, from the cell level to the chemical composition. New approaches were found to predict a cells future plating behaviour, spatially localize plated areas on the anode and design cells in a plating resistant way. Lithium Plating ist nicht nur der Alterungsmechanismus in Lithium-Ionen-Batterien mit dem größten Kapazitätsverlust, sondern wird auch im Zuge der voranschreitenden Elektrifizierung des Personenverkehrs immer wichtiger. In Elektrofahrzeugen finden sich die extremen Zustände, wie niedrige Ladetemperaturen und hohe Ladestrome, unter denen Plating auftritt, deutlich häufiger als in Unterhaltungstechnik. Durch die Vielzahl von Parametern, von der Zellgeometrie bis hin zur Elektrolyzusammensetzung, die Plating beeinflussen, fehlt immer noch ein tieferes Verständnis des Plating-Prozesses. Ohne dieses Wissen ist es schwer, Zellen zu designen, die resistent gegen Plating sind oder Zellen unter optimalen Bedingungen zu betreiben um Plating zu minimieren. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, verschiedene Methoden aufzuzeigen, die die Untersuchung von Plating auf drei verschiedenen Ebenen ermöglichen. Die erste Methode untersucht das Gesamtverhalten der Zelle auf Zellebene. Hierbei wird das atypische Verhalten der Strom- und Spannunsprofile wahrend des Plating-Vorgangs analysiert. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Untersuchung der Konstantstrom-Phase bei niedrigen Temperaturen während der Ladung. Das Stromprofil dieser Phase kann mit der JMAK-Funktion gefittet werden, welche die elektrochemische Abscheidung eines Metalls auf einer Oberfläche beschreibt. Die resultierenden Fitting-Parameter können genutzt werden, um das Plating-Verhalten vorherzusagen und sind gleichzeitig eine bessere Abschätzung fur die Menge an geplatetem Lithium im Vergleich zu gängigen Methoden. Die Ergebnisse konnten außerdem helfen das Sicherheitsrisiko der Zelle bei Dendritenbildung vorherzusagen. Im zweiten Teil wird die chemische Zusammensetzung der SEI mittels XPS untersucht. Die Zusammensetzung, wie auch die mechanischen Eigenschaften der SEI, beeinflussen den Plating-Prozess stark und es wurde in vorhergehenden Arbeiten gezeigt, dass Plating auch die Morphologie und Dicke der SEI drastisch verändern kann. Zellen in verschiedenen Zuständen (geplatet, geladen, entladen), sowie Zellen verschiedener Hersteller wurden mit XPS untersucht. Während der Messungen wurde ein ungewollter Nebeneffekt des Messaufbaus entdeckt, der zu einer Migration von Lithium an die Oberflache der Proben geführt und die Messergebnisse verfälscht hat. Unabhängig von diesem Effekt war es dennoch möglich, zu zeigen, dass die SEI in Zellen verschiedener Hersteller stark unterschiedliche Zusammensetzungen haben kann und dass Plating nicht nur die Morphologie der SEI beeinflusst, sondern auch die chemische Zusammensetzung. Weiterhin konnte der ungewollte Nebeneffekt verwendet werden, um Proben zu identifizieren, die vor kurzem geplatet wurden und konnte in zukünftigen Arbeiten verwendet werden, um lokalisiert Lithium-Ablagerungen auf geplateten Proben zu identifizieren. Im letzten Teil wurde die Partikelstruktur der Anoden von Zellen verschiedener Zellhersteller mit Hilfe einer watershed-Partikeldetektion an LSM-Bildern untersucht. Die Verteilung der Partikelgrößen wurde mit dem Kapazitätsverlust gleicher Zelle durch Plating verglichen. Es wurde gezeigt, dass der Kapazitätsverlust mit Parametern, die aus den Partikelverteilungen extrahiert wurden, korreliert. Ein größerer Datensatz ist jedoch notwendig, um diese Ergebnisse zu validieren. Zusammenfassend hat diese Arbeit verschiedene neue Methoden aufgezeigt, um Plating auf verschiedenen Vergrößerungsebenen zu detektieren und zu charakterisieren. Neue Ansätze wurden gefunden, um das Platingverhalten von Zellen vorherzusagen, lokalisiertes Lithium auf der Oberfläche zu detektieren und Zellen platingresistenter designen zu können.

Download or read book Modeling and Control of Power Electronic Converters for Microgrid Applications written by Yang Han and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamentals of power electronic converter modeling and control, digital simulation, and experimental studies in the area of renewable energy systems and AC/DC microgrid. Recent advanced control methods for voltage source inverters (VSIs) and the hierarchical controlled islanded microgrid are discussed, including the mathematical modeling, controller synthesis, parameter selection and multi-scale stability analysis, and consensus-based control strategies for the microgrid and microgrid clusters. The book will be an invaluable technical reference for practicing engineers and researchers working in the areas of renewable energy, power electronics, energy internet, and smart grid. It can also be utilized as reference book for undergraduate and postgraduate students in electrical engineering.

Download or read book Modelling and Simulation of Power Electronic Converter Dominated Power Systems in PowerFactory written by Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of power electronic converters for numerical simulations based on DIgSILENT PowerFactory. It covers the working principles, key assumptions and implementation of models of different types of these power systems. The book is divided into three main parts: the first discusses high-voltage direct currents, while the second part examines distribution systems and micro-grids. Lastly, the third addresses the equipment and technologies used in modelling and simulation. Each chapter includes practical examples and exercises, and the accompanying software illustrates essential models, principles and performance using DIgSILENT PowerFactory. Exploring various current topics in the field of modelling power systems, this book will appeal to a variety of readers, ranging from students to practitioners.

Download or read book Converter Based Dynamics and Control of Modern Power Systems written by Antonello Monti and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Converter-Based Dynamics and Control of Modern Power Systems addresses the ongoing changes and challenges in rotating masses of synchronous generators, which are transforming dynamics of the electrical system. These changes make it more important to consider and understand the role of power electronic systems and their characteristics in shaping the subtleties of the grid and this book fills that knowledge gap. Balancing theory, discussion, diagrams, mathematics, and data, this reference provides the information needed to acquire a thorough overview of resilience issues and frequency definition and estimation in modern power systems. This book offers an overview of classical power system dynamics and identifies ways of establishing future challenges and how they can be considered at a global level to overcome potential problems. The book is designed to prepare future engineers for operating a system that will be driven by electronics and less by electromechanical systems. Includes theory on the emerging topic of electrical grids based on power electronics Creates a good bridge between traditional theory and modern theory to support researchers and engineers Links the two fields of power systems and power electronics in electrical engineering

Download or read book Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems written by Remus Teodorescu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grid converters are the key player in renewable energy integration. The high penetration of renewable energy systems is calling for new more stringent grid requirements. As a consequence, the grid converters should be able to exhibit advanced functions like: dynamic control of active and reactive power, operation within a wide range of voltage and frequency, voltage ride-through capability, reactive current injection during faults, grid services support. This book explains the topologies, modulation and control of grid converters for both photovoltaic and wind power applications. In addition to power electronics, this book focuses on the specific applications in photovoltaic wind power systems where grid condition is an essential factor. With a review of the most recent grid requirements for photovoltaic and wind power systems, the book discusses these other relevant issues: modern grid inverter topologies for photovoltaic and wind turbines islanding detection methods for photovoltaic systems synchronization techniques based on second order generalized integrators (SOGI) advanced synchronization techniques with robust operation under grid unbalance condition grid filter design and active damping techniques power control under grid fault conditions, considering both positive and negative sequences Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems is intended as a coursebook for graduated students with a background in electrical engineering and also for professionals in the evolving renewable energy industry. For people from academia interested in adopting the course, a set of slides is available for download from the website. www.wiley.com/go/grid_converters

Download or read book Advanced cooperative control and optimization strategies for integrated energy systems written by Rui Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-24 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modeling and Analysis of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Energy Systems written by Lingling Fan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind Energy Systems: Modeling, Analysis and Control with DFIG provides key information on machine/converter modelling strategies based on space vectors, complex vector, and further frequency-domain variables. It includes applications that focus on wind energy grid integration, with analysis and control explanations with examples. For those working in the field of wind energy integration examining the potential risk of stability is key, this edition looks at how wind energy is modelled, what kind of control systems are adopted, how it interacts with the grid, as well as suitable study approaches. Not only giving principles behind the dynamics of wind energy grid integration system, but also examining different strategies for analysis, such as frequency-domain-based and state-space-based approaches. Focuses on real and reactive power control Supported by PSCAD and Matlab/Simulink examples Considers the difference in control objectives between ac drive systems and grid integration systems

Download or read book Wind Driven Doubly Fed Induction Generator written by Adel Abdelbaset and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a modified model reference adaptive system (MRAS) observer for sensorless vector control of a wind driven doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). A mathematical model of the DFIG as influenced by core loss and main flux saturation is developed. The authors describe and evaluate grid synchronization enhancement of a wind driven DFIG using adaptive sliding mode control (SMC). Besides, grid synchronization of a wind driven DFIG under unbalanced grid voltage is also fully covered in this book.

Download or read book Emerging Power Converters for Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles written by Rabiul Islam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers advancements of power electronic converters and their control techniques for grid integration of large-scale renewable energy sources and electrical vehicles. Major emphasis are on transformer-less direct grid integration, bidirectional power transfer, compensation of grid power quality issues, DC system protection and grounding, interaction in mixed AC/DC system, AC and DC system stability, magnetic design for high-frequency high power density systems with advanced soft magnetic materials, modelling and simulation of mixed AC/DC system, switching strategies for enhanced efficiency, and protection and reliability for sustainable grid integration. This book is an invaluable resource for professionals active in the field of renewable energy and power conversion.

Download or read book Advanced Control Methodologies For Power Converter Systems written by Wensheng Luo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to present some advanced control methodologies for power converters. Power electronic converters have become indispensable devices for plenty of industrial applications over the last decades. Composed by controllable power switches, they can be controlled by effective strategies to achieve desirable transient response and steady-state performance, to ensure the stability, reliability and safety of the system. The most popular control strategy of power converters is the linear proportional–integral–derivative series control which is adopted as industry standard. However, when there exist parameter changes, nonlinearities and load disturbances in the system, the performance of the controller will be significantly degraded. To overcome this problem, many advanced control methodologies and techniques have been developed to improve the converter performance. This book presents the research work on some advanced control methodologies for several types of power converters, including three-phase two-level AC/DC power converter, three-phase NPC AC/DC power converter, and DC/DC buck converter. The effectiveness and advantage of the proposed control strategies are verified via simulations and experiments. The content of this book can be divided into two parts. The first part focuses on disturbance observer-based control methods for power converters under investigation. The second part investigates intelligent control methods. These methodologies provide a framework for controller design, observer design, stability and performance analysis for the considered power converter systems.

Download or read book Grid Side Converters Control and Design written by Slobodan N. Vukosavic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is intended for engineering students taking courses in power electronics, renewable energy sources, smart grids or static power converters. It is also appropriate for students preparing a capstone project where they need to understand, model, supply, control and specify the grid side power converters. The main goal of the book is developing in students the skills that are required to design, control and use static power converters that serve as an interface between the ac grid and renewable power sources. The same skills can be used to design, control and use the static power converters used within the micro-grids and nano-grids, as the converters that provide the interface between such grids and the external grid. The author’s approach starts with basic functionality and the role of grid connected power converters in their typical applications, and their static and dynamic characteristics. Particular effort is dedicated to developing simple, concise, intuitive and easy-to-use mathematical models that summarize the essence of the grid side converter dynamics. Mathematics is reduced to a necessary minimum, solved examples are used extensively to introduce new concepts, and exercises are used to test mastery of new skills.

Download or read book Modeling and Control Dynamics in Microgrid Systems with Renewable Energy Resources written by Ramesh C. Bansal and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-11-23 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling and Control Dynamics in Microgrid Systems with Renewable Energy Resources looks at complete microgrid systems integrated with renewable energy resources (RERs) such as solar, wind, biomass or fuel cells that facilitate remote applications and allow access to pollution-free energy. Designed and dedicated to providing a complete package on microgrid systems modelling and control dynamics, this book elaborates several aspects of control systems from classical approach to advanced techniques based on artificial intelligence. It captures the typical modes of operation of microgrid systems with distributed energy storage applications like battery, flywheel, electrical vehicles infrastructures that are integrated within microgrids with desired targets. More importantly, the techno-economics of these microgrid systems are well addressed to accelerate the process of achieving the SDG7 i.e., affordable and clean energy for all (E4ALL). This reference presents the latest developments including step by step modelling processes, data security and standards protocol for commissioning of microgrid projects, making this a useful tool for researchers, engineers and industrialists wanting a comprehensive reference on energy systems models. Includes simulations with case studies and real-world applications of energy system models Detailed systematic modeling with mathematical analysis is covered Features possible operating scenarios with solutions to the encountered issues

Download or read book Digital Control in Power Electronics 2nd Edition written by Simone Buso and published by . This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the reader, whether an electrical engineering student in power electronics or a design engineer, a selection of power converter control problems and their basic digital solutions, based on the most widespread digital control techniques. The presentation is primarily focused on different applications of the same power converter topology, the half-bridge voltage source inverter, considered both in its single- and three-phase implementation. This is chosen as the test case because, besides being simple and well known, it allows the discussion of a significant spectrum of the most frequently encountered digital control applications in power electronics, from digital pulse width modulation (DPWM) and space vector modulation (SVM), to inverter output current and voltage control, ending with the relatively more complex VSI applications related to the so called smart-grid scenario. This book aims to serve two purposes: (1) to give a basic, introductory knowledge of the digital control techniques applied to power converters; and (2) to raise the interest for discrete time control theory, stimulating new developments in its application to switching power converters.