Download or read book Model Adaptation and Optimization for the Evaluation and Investigation of Novel Amine Blends in a Pilot plant Scale CO2 Capture Process Under Industrial Conditions written by Robert Wilhelm and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparative Assessment Parametric Sensitivity Economics and Modeling of Novel 1 5 diamino 2 methylpentane Based Amine Solvent Blend for CO2 Capture From Large Industrial Sources written by Chikezie Ndubuisi Nwaoha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research investigates the development of novel 1,5-diamino-2-methylpentane (DA2MP) based amine solvent blend for CO2 capture from large industrial sources. The lab-scale absorber and desorber pilot plant (2 inch by 42 inch each) were used to investigate the comparative CO2 capture analysis of the novel 2 kmol/m3 AMP-(1 to 3) kmol/m3 DA2MP blend to 5 kmol/m3 MEA and 2 kmol/m3 AMP-1 kmol/m3 PZ blend for the power plants (8 vol.% CO2 and 15.1 vol.% CO2), and lime kiln (30 vol.% CO2) industries. For the water-gas shift process plant (50 vol.% CO2) the CO2 capture performance of novel 3 kmol/m3 MDEA-(0.5 to 1.5) kmol/m3 DA2MP blend was compared to the benchmark 3 kmol/m3 MDEA-0.5 kmol/m3 PZ. The main key performance indicators (KPIs) are mass transfer coefficients, regeneration energy, CO2 absorption efficiency, CO2 absorption rate, and viscosity and density of the CO2 loaded amine solutions. A nonlinear correlation was developed and compared to the artificial neural network (ANN) for accurate prediction of viscosity and density of AMP-DA2MP and MDEA-DA2MP blends. The effect of the carbon tax, CO2 sales price and a newly developed carbon tax model/correlation on the CO2 capture cost was studied. Results from the KPIs revealed that the 2 kmol/m3 AMP-1.5 kmol/m3 DA2MP is the optimal amine concentration and has superior CO2 capture performance compared to MEA and AMP-PZ blend while 3 kmol/m3 MDEA-1 kmol/m3 DA2MP was optimal and performed better than the MDEA-PZ blend. Parametric sensitivity analysis of 2 kmol/m3 AMP-1.5 kmol/m3 DA2MP showed that the amine flow rate and concentration, and reboiler temperature of integral in optimizing the performance and reducing carbon capture cost. The developed nonlinear correlation accurately predicted the density and viscosity of the amine blends (R2 up to 0.9309), however, the ANN model has a superior predictive accuracy (R2 up to 0.9999). The effect of the CO2 sales price was observed to reduce the CO2 capture cost iii compared to the carbon tax. Also, the proposed carbon tax model reduced the CO2 capture cost compared to the carbon tax from the government. Overall, the novel AMP-DA2MP and MDEA-DA2MP blends are capable of costeffective and energy efficient CO2 capture.

Download or read book Performance Studies of Novel Amine Blends in a Catalyst Aided CO2 Capture Process written by Foster Amoateng Appiah and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focused on utilizing the combined effect between solvent development and the application of solid catalysis to enhance the reactive absorption-based CO2 capture process. First, the CO2 removal performance of three formulated amine bi-blends were evaluated using a semi-batch screening setup. The performance of each blend in terms of specific parameters such as linear absorption and desorption rates, CO2 equilibrium loading, cyclic capacity and solvent regeneration heat duty were compared with the activity of the standard 4M BEA/AMP blend. The bi-blends developed included 2M HMDA/PEI (1.85M: 0.15M), 2M AMP/PEI (1.7M: 0.3M) and 4M DMAE/AMP (2M: 2M). The screening results showed that by reason of higher reactivity resulting from increased number of amino groups in HMDA and PEI, better absorption performance was observed for 2M HMDA/PEI and 2M AMP/PEI bi-blends. However, from the absorption parameter and desorption parameter criterion, 4M DMAE/AMP was found to be the optimum bi-blend amongst the three blends. In addition, the effects of solid alkaline and acid catalysts on the CO2 absorption and desorption performance of the selected optimum blend were studied. Also, the different characteristics of the catalysts were investigated and related to the corresponding enhancement activity to identify and establish the activity-characteristics relationship. Employing the acid proprietary desorber catalyst (AD-1) increased the linear desorption rate and cyclic capacity of 4M DMAE/AMP by 21% and 8.1% respectively and reduced the solvent regeneration energy requirement by 17.3%. Between the absorber catalysts, an increase of 33.3% and 29% in absorption rates were measured for ACS and AB-1 respectively. Comparing the activity of ACS to AB-1, it was observed that the activity of catalyst depends on both the chemical properties (strength and number of basic sites) and physical properties (surface area and pore volume). Furthermore, a full cycle operation in a bench-scale CO2 capture unit was carried out to validate the performance of 4M DMAE/AMP and 2M HMDA/PEI bi-blends. The performance was evaluated as a function of time-on-stream. From the cyclic runs, higher CO2 absorption and desorption performance parameters were recorded for 4M DMAE/AMP relative to the 2M HMDA/PEI blend. The time-on-stream analysis revealed a general reduction in capture performance and an increase in heat duty for both bi-blends.

Download or read book Energy Efficient Solvents for CO2 Capture by Gas Liquid Absorption written by Wojciech M. Budzianowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews and characterises promising single-compound solvents, solvent blends and advanced solvent systems suitable for CO2 capture applications using gas-liquid absorption. Focusing on energy efficient solvents with minimal adverse environmental impact, the contributions included analyse the major technological advantages, as well as research and development challenges of promising solvents and solvent systems in various sustainable CO2 capture applications. It provides a valuable source of information for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for chemical engineers and energy specialists.

Download or read book Advanced CO2 Capture Technologies written by Shin-ichi Nakao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarises the advanced CO2 capture technologies that can be used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially those from large-scale sources, such as power-generation and steel-making plants. Focusing on the fundamental chemistry and chemical processes, as well as advanced technologies, including absorption and adsorption, it also discusses other aspects of the major CO2 capture methods: membrane separation; the basic chemistry and process for CO2 capture; the development of materials and processes; and practical applications, based on the authors’ R&D experience. This book serves as a valuable reference resource for researchers, teachers and students interested in CO2 problems, providing essential information on how to capture CO2 from various types of gases efficiently. It is also of interest to practitioners and academics, as it discusses the performance of the latest technologies applied in large-scale emission sources.

Download or read book Advances in Carbon Capture written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Carbon Capture reviews major implementations of CO2 capture, including absorption, adsorption, permeation and biological techniques. For each approach, key benefits and drawbacks of separation methods and technologies, perspectives on CO2 reuse and conversion, and pathways for future CO2 capture research are explored in depth. The work presents a comprehensive comparison of capture technologies. In addition, the alternatives for CO2 separation from various feeds are investigated based on process economics, flexibility, industrial aspects, purification level and environmental viewpoints. Explores key CO2 separation and compare technologies in terms of provable advantages and limitations Analyzes all critical CO2 capture methods in tandem with related technologies Introduces a panorama of various applications of CO2 capture

Download or read book Advances in Optimization and Numerical Analysis written by S. Gomez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In January 1992, the Sixth Workshop on Optimization and Numerical Analysis was held in the heart of the Mixteco-Zapoteca region, in the city of Oaxaca, Mexico, a beautiful and culturally rich site in ancient, colonial and modern Mexican civiliza tion. The Workshop was organized by the Numerical Analysis Department at the Institute of Research in Applied Mathematics of the National University of Mexico in collaboration with the Mathematical Sciences Department at Rice University, as were the previous ones in 1978, 1979, 1981, 1984 and 1989. As were the third, fourth, and fifth workshops, this one was supported by a grant from the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology, and the US National Science Foundation, as part of the joint Scientific and Technical Cooperation Program existing between these two countries. The participation of many of the leading figures in the field resulted in a good representation of the state of the art in Continuous Optimization, and in an over view of several topics including Numerical Methods for Diffusion-Advection PDE problems as well as some Numerical Linear Algebraic Methods to solve related pro blems. This book collects some of the papers given at this Workshop.

Download or read book Systematic Approach to Degradation Studies in Catalyst Based Amine CO2 Capture Process written by Dzifa Nugloze and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of climate change have attracted concern globally which has led to an increase in research focused on diverse plans and technologies for mitigation. The use of solid catalyst in an amine based post-combustion CO2 capture (PCCC) has become a very attractive option as developments are actively ongoing to address some of the challenges that the conventional capture system faces. This research work evaluated the role that a new super acid, proprietary desorber catalyst (PDC) catalyst has on the amine degradation rate using a formulated optimum 4M DMAE/AMP equimolar blend in a full cycle bench scale CO2 capture pilot plant system. Three solvent blends, 4M DMAE/AMP, 2M PEI/AMP (0.3/1.7) and 2M PEI/HMDA (0.3/1.7) were screened in a preliminary study and compared with 4M BEA/AMP. 4M DMAE/AMP emerged as the optimum solvent amongst all the three formulated ones with high points of improvement in the desorption performance parameters. DMAE/AMP is a good replacement for BEA/AMP as it addresses the problem of potential nitrosamine and nitramine formation. Two basic catalysts, proprietary absorber catalyst (PAC), and activated carbon spheres (ACS) and one acid catalyst, PDC were also synthesized, characterized, screened, and compared with the existing basic catalyst, KMgO/CNT's and acid catalyst, Ce(SO4)2/ZrO2 respectively to evaluate their performances and how suitable they are for use in the PCC process compared to the existing ones. The introduction of ACS in the absorption system increased the rate at which the amine solvent absorbed CO2 by approximately 33 %. In the case of PAC, an absorption rate enhancement of approximately 29 % was obtained. PDC enhanced the CO2 desorption rate by approximately 25 % higher than the non-catalytic desorption using 4M DMAE/AMP. Degradation studies were finally conducted to examine the role that the solid acid catalyst, PDC plays in the stability of the selected amine blend system in a bench-scale pilot plant set-up. PDC inhibited the oxidative degradation rate of both DMAE and AMP by 25 % and 59 % respectively. This means 2M of DMAE would be depleted in 62 days in the presence of PDC compared to 46 days without PDC in an oxidative environment. Similarly, it would take 139 days for 2M of AMP to be depleted compared to 57 days without the presence of PDC. This translates into huge savings in operational cost if PDC is used as a catalyst to both enhance the desorption and limit degradation. The findings of this work would open up new discussions on how solid basic or acid catalysts can be beneficial in addressing one of the major drawbacks to the PCC technology, i.e. degradation.

Download or read book Modelling Scheduling and Control of Pilot scale and Commercial scale MEA based CO2 Capture Plants written by Zhenrong He and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent reports have shown that global population is rising and more fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, are required to meet the global energy demands. The adverse effect of burning fossil fuels has become a concern due to its contribution to global warming and increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly CO2, have been regarded as a main cause for the rising temperature of the earth's surface. To partially address this pressing social problem, CO2 capture technology, which has been considered as an efficient and feasible technology to reduce global CO2 emissions, has been deeply explored and tested over the last decades. Among several available CO2 capture technologies, the MEA-based post-combustion CO2 capture process is considered a mature technology for mitigating CO2 emissions due to its inherent benefits, e.g. high CO2 capture capacity, low price of MEA solvent and fast kinetics. However, a large amount of energy is required to regenerate MEA solvent. Thus, the efficiency of fossil fuel-fired power plants decreases. In addition, the dynamic operation of the CO2 capture process needs to be explored in more detail to analyze the transient operation of this plant and its interaction with the operation of the fossil fuel-fired power plants. Thus, the development of MEA-based CO2 capture technology has gained attention. Based on above, in the present study, a dynamic model of a pilot-scale MEA-based CO2 capture plant was first developed and a flexibility analysis under critical operating conditions was performed followed by an implementation of simultaneous scheduling and control using the proposed dynamic model. Based on the pilot-scale CO2 capture plant, a natural gas power plant integrated with a commercial-scale MEA-based post-combustion CO2 capture process was developed. The proposed model was used to perform a flexibility analysis on the integrated systems. This study first presents a dynamic flexibility analysis of a pilot-scale post-combustion CO2 capture plant using MPC. The critical operating conditions in the plant's main load (flue gas flowrate) were initially identified in open-loop and closed-loop. Insights from this analysis have shown that oscillatory changes with high frequencies content in the load are particularly harmful to the system in closed-loop. Taking these insights into account, a simultaneous scheduling and control framework was developed to identify optimal operating policies under the critical operating conditions in the flue gas flowrate. The results obtained from this framework were compared against a sequential scheduling and control approach. The results show that the proposed integrated framework specifies more economically attractive operating policies than those obtained from the sequential approach. Furthermore, a model describing the dynamic operation of a 453 MWe NGCC power plant integrated with a commercial-scale post-combustion CO2 capture plant has been developed. The proposed model has been used to evaluate the dynamic performance of the integrated process under various scenarios, e.g. changes in the reboiler heat duty and power plant inputs. In addition, the transient operation of the integrated plant using a pre-defined (scheduled) trajectory profile in the consumption of steam in the reboiler unit has been compared to the case of constant withdrawal of steam from the power plant. The results show that a coordinated effort between the two plants is needed to run the integrated plant efficiently and at near optimal economic points under changes in power demands. In the present work, flexibility analysis and scheduling and control have been performed based on the proposed pilot-scale CO2 capture process. Furthermore, the dynamic behaviour of the natural gas power plant integrated with the commercial-scale CO2 capture plant was assessed under several scenarios that are likely to occur during operation. The insights gained through these analyses will be instrumental to design basic and advanced control and scheduling strategies for integrated NGCC-CO2 capture plants.

Download or read book Amine Solvent Development for Carbon Dioxide Capture written by Yang Du (active 21st century) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 36 novel aqueous piperazine (PZ)-based amine blends for CO2 capture from flue gas were screened for their thermal degradation, amine volatility, CO2 cyclic capacity, and CO2 absorption rate at normal operating conditions. These amines include 7 imidazoles, 8 cyclic and long-chain diamines, 12 tertiary amines, 4 hindered amines, 3 hindered and tertiary amino acids, and 2 ether amines that were selected based on known amine structure-property relationships and their potential for industrial application. 18 thermally stable PZ-based amine blends were identified with proposed degradation mechanisms. 14 novel tertiary and hindered amines were found to have a lower volatility than 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP). A group contribution model to predict amine volatility was developed. In a PZ/tertiary amine, the optimum pKa of the tertiary amine was around 9.1 to give the highest CO2 cyclic capacity. A generic model for PZ/tertiary amines was developed in Aspen Plus®, which can predict the CO2 vapor-liquid-equilibrium based on the pKa of the tertiary amine in blend. To a lesser degree than pKa, the polarity of the tertiary amine also affects the CO2 solubility of the blend. CO2 absorption rates of most 2.5 m PZ/2.5 m tertiary amines are slightly lower than 2.5 m PZ itself, due to the higher viscosity of the blends, but they still absorb CO2 much faster than 7 m monoethanolamine (MEA). 2 m PZ/3 m 4-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidine (HMPD) is the blend that shows the best overall properties for thermal stability, amine volatility, CO2 cyclic capacity, and CO2 absorption rate. 2 m PZ/3 m HMPD also has a much better solid solubility than 5 m PZ. The capital and energy cost for flue gas CO2 capture using 2 m PZ/3 m HMPD is expected to be much lower than that using 7 m MEA, while comparable to that using 5 m PZ. Thermally degraded diglycolamine® (DGA®)/dimethylaminoethoxyethanol (DMAEE) was found to have a better performance for CO2 capture than the original solvent. At high temperature, DGA®/DMAEE reaches equilibrium with its major degradation product, methylaminoethoxyethanol (MAEE). The production of MAEE enhances the CO2 absorption rate, while maintaining the CO2 capacity of the original solvent.

Download or read book Simulation Design and Optimization of Membrane Gas Separation Chemical Absorption and Hybrid Processes for CO2 Capture written by Mohammad Hassan Murad Chowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal-fired power plants are the largest anthropogenic point sources of CO2 emissions worldwide. About 40% of the world's electricity comes from coal. Approximately 49% of the US electricity in 2008 and 23% of the total electricity generation of Canada in 2000 came from coal-fired power plant (World Coal Association, and Statistic Canada). It is likely that in the near future there might be some form of CO2 regulation. Therefore, it is highly probable that CO2 capture will need to be implemented at many US and Canadian coal fired power plants at some point. Several technologies are available for CO2 capture from coal-fired power plants. One option is to separate CO2 from the combustion products using conventional approach such as chemical absorption/stripping with amine solvents, which is commercially available. Another potential alternative, membrane gas separation, involves no moving parts, is compact and modular with a small footprint, is gaining more and more attention. Both technologies can be retrofitted to existing power plants, but they demands significant energy requirement to capture, purify and compress the CO2 for transporting to the sequestration sites. This thesis is a techno-economical evaluation of the two approaches mentioned above along with another approach known as hybrid. This evaluation is based on the recent advancement in membrane materials and properties, and the adoption of systemic design procedures and optimization approach with the help of a commercial process simulator. Comparison of the process performance is developed in AspenPlus process simulation environment with a detailed multicomponent gas separation membrane model, and several rigorous rate-based absorption/stripping models. Fifteen various single and multi-stage membrane process configurations with or without recycle streams are examined through simulation and design study for industrial scale post-combustion CO2 capture. It is found that only two process configurations are capable to satisfy the process specifications i.e., 85% CO2 recovery and 98% CO2 purity for EOR. The power and membrane area requirement can be saved by up to 13% and 8% respectively by the optimizing the base design. A post-optimality sensitivity analysis reveals that any changes in any of the factors such as feed flow rate, feed concentration (CO2), permeate vacuum and compression condition have great impact on plant performance especially on power consumption and product recovery. Two different absorption/stripping process configurations (conventional and Fluor concept) with monoethanolamine (30 wt% MEA) solvent were simulated and designed using same design basis as above with tray columns. Both the rate-based and the equilibrium-stage based modeling approaches were adopted. Two kinetic models for modeling reactive absorption/stripping reactions of CO2 with aqueous MEA solution were evaluated. Depending on the options to account for mass transfer, the chemical reactions in the liquid film/phase, film resistance and film non-ideality, eight different absorber/stripper models were categorized and investigated. From a parametric design study, the optimum CO2 lean solvent loading was determined with respect to minimum reboiler energy requirement by varying the lean solvent flow rate in a closed-loop simulation environment for each model. It was realized that the success of modeling CO2 capture with MEA depends upon how the film discretization is carried out. It revealed that most of the CO2 was reacted in the film not in the bulk liquid. This insight could not be recognized with the traditional equilibrium-stage modeling. It was found that the optimum/or minimum lean solvent loading ranges from 0.29 to 0.40 and the reboiler energy ranges from 3.3 to 5.1 (GJ/ton captured CO2) depending on the model considered. Between the two process alternatives, the Fluor concept process performs well in terms of plant operating (i.e., 8.5% less energy) and capital cost (i.e., 50% less number of strippers). The potentiality of hybrid processes which combines membrane permeation and conventional gas absorption/stripping using MEA were also examined for post-combustion CO2 capture in AspenPlus®. It was found that the hybrid process may not be a promising alternative for post-combustion CO2 capture in terms of energy requirement for capture and compression. On the other hand, a stand-alone membrane gas separation process showed the lowest energy demand for CO2 capture and compression, and could save up to 15 to 35% energy compare to the MEA capture process depending on the absorption/stripping model used.

Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.

Download or read book A Comparison Study of Carbon Dioxide Absorption Performance in MEA and Blended Amine Solvents for Post combustion Process written by Tianci Li and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, industrialization causes excess carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the main greenhouse gases due to human activities. However, high costs remain the main challenge to control the carbon dioxide from industry. Due to this issue, the carbon capture technique is developing slowly in most developing countries. This work is going to compare and explore a more effective blended amine solvent comparing with current common single amine solvents for the CO2 chemical absorption process for improving absorption performance and reducing the investment and operating costs. In this research, the CO2 absorption performance of aqueous MDEA/PZ blends and aqueous MEA/MDEA/PZ blends were comprehensively investigated experimentally and compared with the benchmark aqueous solution 5M MEA in terms of CO2 absorption rate, CO2 absorption efficiency, mass transfer efficiency and CO2 equilibrium solubility using a bench-scale packed column and a CO2 solubility apparatus. The simulation results have been validated with the experimental date from this research work other published experimental data. Different scenarios were assessed to evaluate the absorption performance using experiment method and simulation method. The overall mass transfer coefficient of the aqueous solvents and the CO2 absorption rate under ambient pressure is ranked as 2M MDEA+3M PZ>1M MEA+2M MDEA+2M PZ > 3M MDEA+2M PZ > 5M MEA. The measurements of the CO2 solubility experiments were performed over the CO2 partial pressure range of 8-51 kPa at 40oC. A new set of experimental data for the CO2 solubility in an aqueous solution of 1M MEA+2M MDEA+2M PZ blended solvent and aqueous MDEA/PZ blends were investigated and compared with the prediction results from the Artificial Neural Network model and the simulation results using MATLAB and ProMax, respectively. The prediction results from ANN model confirmed that the CO2 equilibrium solubility of 2M MDEA+3M PZ was higher than other blend amine solvents and the conventional amine (5M MEA). Also, the comparison results indicate that the neural network modeling provides more accurate prediction results of CO2 solubility test than the simulation results when compared with new experimental results in this research.

Download or read book Theoretical and Experimental Study on Novel Amine and Hybrid Solvents for CO2 Capture written by Monica Garcia Ortega and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Kinetic Studies on Catalyst Aided Absorption and Desorption in a Bench Scale Post Combustion CO2 Capture Pilot Plant Using a Novel Solvent Blend written by Daniel Boafo Afari and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CO2 Capture on Polymer silica Composites from Molecular Modeling to Pilot Scale written by Erik Amos Willett and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fossil energy from coal, gas, and oil-based fuel stocks remains a vital cornerstone of the global energy infrastructure while contributing over half of annual CO2 emissions. Rising global CO2 concentrations and aberrant trends in climate have sparked recent scrutiny of the energy industry sustainability. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) at the site of power plants has been proposed as a strategy for mitigating atmospheric CO2. This dissertation covers simulated and experimental models designed to address key problems in both the fundamental science and applied engineering of amine-functionalized silica sorbents for carbon capture from few molecule DFT (density functional theory) calculation to kilogram-scale technology validation. DFT was used to emulate small molecule and polymeric amines with good agreement in four successive series of models. (i) The concept of CO2 adsorption strength on secondary amines was investigated which revealed lone amine sites produce weakly adsorbed species while dense amine pairs yield strongly adsorbed species. (ii) Mixed amine types are common in blended or polymeric amine systems and convolute data interpretation. The hydrogen bonding ability of ammonium carbamate pairs demonstrated significant dependence on amine type and local hydrogen bond partners. (iii) Fixation of amines onto substrates is a ubiquitous strategy for preparing CO2 sorbents. The effect of geometric constraint imposed by immobilization was investigated for simulated propylamine pairs. Binding energy was linearly dependent on the alignment of ammonium carbamate. FTIR features were categorized into four groups. (iv) Selective formation of carbamic acid was studied by modeling reactants, intermediates, transition states (TS), and products of the amine-CO2 reaction on simulated diamine substrates. It was shown that significant reduction in TS activation energy occurred by Grotthus-like proton hopping. Coal-fire power plant CO2 capture was experimentally modeled on the kW scale using kilogram-scale sorbent beds in a custom-built 'pilot unit' for technology validation in an industrial collaboration. The pilot unit demonstrated emergent challenges in scaling from sub-gram scale to kilograms.

Download or read book CO2 Capture by Reactive Absorption Stripping written by Claudio Madeddu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-15 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on modelling issues and their implications for the correct design of reactive absorption–desorption systems. In addition, it addresses the case of carbon dioxide (CO2) post-combustion capture in detail. The book proposes a new perspective on these systems, and provides technological solutions with comparisons to previous treatments of the subject. The model that is proposed is subsequently validated using experimental data. In addition, the book features graphs to guide readers with immediate visualizations of the benefits of the methodology proposed. It shows a systematic procedure for the steady-state model-based design of a CO2 post-combustion capture plant that employs reactive absorption-stripping, using monoethanolamine as the solvent. It also discusses the minimization of energy consumption, both through the modification of the plant flowsheet and the set-up of the operating parameters. The book offers a unique source of information for researchers and practitioners alike, as it also includes an economic analysis of the complete plant. Further, it will be of interest to all academics and students whose work involves reactive absorption-stripping design and the modelling of reactive absorption-stripping systems.