Download or read book Modal Auxiliaries from Late Old to Early Middle English written by Kousuke Kaita and published by Herbert Utz Verlag. This book was released on 2015-04-17 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do Modern English modal auxiliaries ought to, should, and must, meaning OBLIGATION, occur in the present tense, yet their forms are in the preterite? Why does to accompany ought? One of the solutions to these questions is to look at the history of the English language. This monograph deals with the history of ought to, should, and must, which are of different syntactic and semantic origins: ought to stems from a main verb of Old English āgan ‘to have’ (POSSESSION) along with to; should derives from sculan ‘must’ with its ‘deviation’ to shall, and mōtan originates in ‘to be allowed to’ (PERMISSION). The work concentrates on the transition from Old English (700-1100) to Middle English (1100-1500), which is a crucial period in the history of the English language. Topics addressed include the linguistic review of modality, the philological reading of primary texts, and the occasional reference to the other Germanic languages.
Download or read book From OV to VO in Early Middle English written by Carola Trips and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-12-13 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph answers the question of why English changed from an OV to a VO language on the assumption that this change is due to intensive language contact with Scandinavian. It shows for the first time that the English language was much more heavily influenced by Scandinavian than assumed before, i.e., northern Early Middle English texts clearly show Scandinavian syntactic patterns like stylistic fronting that can only be found today in the Modern Scandinavian languages. Thus, it sheds new light on the force of language contact in that it shows that a language can be heavily influenced through contact with another language in such a way that it affects deeper levels of language. It further gives an introduction to working with the Penn-Helsinki-Parsed Corpus of Middle English II (PPCMEII). It discusses the texts included in the corpus, it describes the format of the texts, and it explains how to search the corpus with the tool called Corpus Search. The book targets researchers in diachronic syntax, comparative syntax and in general linguists working in the field of generative syntax. It can further be used as an introduction to working with the PPCMEII.
Download or read book Early English Modals written by Sune Gregersen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introduction to Middle English written by Charles Jones and published by Holt McDougal. This book was released on 1972 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book First Middle English Primer written by Henry Sweet and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Old English Modal Verbs written by Hiroshi Ogawa and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book First Middle English primer written by Henry Sweet and published by Arx Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2005-05 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This elementary handbook in Middle English (spoken from A.D. 1100-1500) was first published in 1884 by one of the premier authorities on English historical linguistics, Henry Sweet, who is now widely remembered as the model for the Henry Higgins character in Shaw's Pygmalion and the musical My Fair Lady. This handy manual introduces students to two slightly different varieties of Middle English. Part I contains a brief grammar and representative extracts from the 13th century Ancren Riwle or "Nuns' Rule" in the southern dialect. Part II is a brief grammar with extracts from the Ormulum, a late 12th century work of poetic homilies of the life of Christ, in East Midland dialect.
Download or read book The Old and Middle English written by Thomas Laurence Kington-Oliphant and published by London and New York, Macmillan and Company. This book was released on 1891 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dative External Possessors in Early English written by Cynthia L. Allen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first systematic, corpus-based examination of dative external possessors in Old and Early Middle English and their diachronic development. Modern English is unusual among European languages in not having a productive dative external possessor construction, whereby the possessor is in the dative case and behaves like an element of the sentence rather than part of the possessive phrase. This type of construction was found in Old English, however, especially in expressions of inalienable possession; it appeared in variation with the internal possessors in the genitive case, which then became the only productive possibility in Middle English. In this book, Cynthia Allen traces the use of dative external possessors in the texts of the Old and early Middle English periods and explores how the empirical data fit with the hypotheses put forward to date. She draws on recent developments in linguistic theory to evaluate both language-internal explanations for the loss of the dative construction and the possible role of language contact, especially with the Brythonic Celtic languages. The book will be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of historical syntax and morphology, language variation and change, and the comparative syntax of the Germanic languages.
Download or read book Early Middle English Syntax written by Lilo Moessner and published by ISSN. This book was released on 1989 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Early Middle English Syntax".
Download or read book Modality in Late Middle English and Early Modern English written by David M. Hart and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book First Middle English Primer Extracts from the Ancren Riwle and Ormulum with Grammar Notes and Gl written by Henry Sweet and published by Wentworth Press. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book First Middle English Primer written by Henry Sweet and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Word Derivation in Early Middle English written by Ewa Ciszek and published by Studies in English Medieval Language and Literature. This book was released on 2008 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revision of the author's thesis (doctoral)--Adam Mickiewicz University, 2005.
Download or read book The Earliest English written by C. B. McCully and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using non-technical language The Earliest English' provides a comprehensive introduction to the evolution of Old English Language and Literature for introductory students of English Language and Linguistics.
Download or read book Middle English Miscellany written by Jacek Fisiak and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book English Modal Auxiliary Verbs written by Manik Joshi and published by Manik Joshi. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English Auxiliary Verbs - May, Might, Can, Could, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Need, Dare, Used (to), Ought (to)May And Might Are Used To Denote Possibility, Compulsion, Obligation, Probability (In Present And Future) Can, Could Are Used To Express - Ability, Probability, Possibility, Suggestion, Request, ConditionWill, Would Are Used To Express - Action In Future, Present Habit, Compulsion, ObligationShall And Should Are Used To Express - Action In Future, Suggestion, Surprise, Importance Or Purpose Different Patterns For Using These Verbs. Here Is The Sample For Denoting Possibility/Probability In Past, You Should Use Pattern - Might + Have + Verb 3rd Form - Examples -- He Might Have Had Links.He Might Have Come Here.I Might Have Gone.It Might Have Been He.I Might Have Sent Him.We Might Have Fainted.The Leopard Might Have Got Hurt During A Fight - And Had Torn Half Of Its Upper Eyelid.He Might Have Continued.You Might Have Known It.He Might Have Stolen Some Pieces With The Help Of Others.Fire Tender Might Have Got Stuck While On Their Way To Colony.His Story Might Easily Have Ended Here.I Might Not Have Gone.One More Sample - To Express Obligation In Past You Should Use Pattern - (SHOULD + HAVE + VERB 3rd FORM), Examples -- I Should Have Renewed License. (But I Didn't Renew License.)I Should Have Indicated It. (But I Didn't Indicate It.)You Should 'Certainly' Have Told Us The Truth. (But You Didn't Tell Us The Truth.)PM Should Have Sought An Apology For The Carnage. (But PM didn't Sight An Apology.)It Should Have Done So Before The Session Began.They Should Have Got Used To These Showrooms.Volcker Should Have Had The 'Courtesy' To Send Him A Notice.Judge Should Have Had No Compunction.You Should Have Let Me Die.Should The Government Have Allowed The Situation To Fester? I Should Have Dropped My Stuff, Dashed Back And Told Him Everything.Should Ministers Have Given A Clean Chit To Warring Companies?
