Download or read book Mod lisation th orique et num rique de la convection thermique applications aux manteaux plan taires written by Kenny Vilella and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La convection thermique a un rôle fondamental sur l'évolution thermique d'une planète tellurique, telle que la Terre. La complexité de ce phénomène est ici étudiée avec des simulations numériques et une modélisation théorique. La première partie de cette thèse présente les simulations numériques d'un système convectif de référence, sous l'approximation de Boussinesq, consistant en une couche horizontale de fluide possédant une condition de flux de chaleur nul à la base et de température constante à sa limite supérieure. Chaque particule de fluide est chauffée de manière homogène spatialement et temporellement. Nous établissons des lois d'échelle reliant le saut de température et l'épaisseur de la couche limite thermique au nombre de Rayleigh-Roberts (RaH), ce qui permet de décrire, au premier ordre, la structure thermique de tout le système. Le point fort de notre étude est d'obtenir, pour la première fois, des lois d'échelle purement théoriques en accord avec des simulations numériques. Pour cela nous postulons puis vérifions que la couche limite thermique se déstabilise, pour toute valeur de RaH, au même seuil de stabilité. Nous caractérisons également la structure horizontale du système en rapportant l'évolution du motif de convection en fonction de RaH. Pour quantifier cette évolution, il est possible d'établir les lois d'échelle reliant le nombre d'instabilités ainsi que la distance minimale entre instabilités à RaH. Cependant ces lois sont très sensibles à la définition d'une instabilité. L'alternative choisie ici est de proposer toute une gamme de valeurs possibles pour chaque RaH, afin d'illustrer les incertitudes causées par l'usage d'une variété de critères pour identifier une instabilité. La seconde partie utilise les outils développés précédemment pour décrire les effets de la transition de l'état de spin du Fe2+, dans le ferropériclase, sur la dynamique du manteau. Plus spécifiquement, nous étudions les variations de densité causées par cette transition électronique et par la modification de partitionnement du fer entre le ferropericlase et la perovskite. Le comportement du fer change drastiquement en présence de A1203, c'est pourquoi nous considérons deux compositions pyrolitiques, une avec de l'aluminium et l'autre sans.Pour chaque composition, des considérations thermodynamiques permettent de modéliser la transition de l'état de spin. Puis nous utilisons l'équation d'état de Mie-Grüneisen-Debye pour obtenir la densité des assemblages minéralogiques en fonction de la température et de la pression. La densité résultante est en accord avec PREM et avec les données expérimentales. Les tables de densité sont incluses dans un code dE convection compressible, avec les transitions de phase, et avec une viscosité dépendante de la température et de la profondeur. Globalement, l'effet sur la température du manteau est mineur, l'implication la plus notable est une augmentation de la vitesse verticale du fluide à la base du manteau.

Download or read book El Ni o written by Bruno Voituriez and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Nino, caprice of the heavens, scapegoat for every calamity? The general public cannot really understand what is behind the El Nino phenomenon. The book offers a tour of the Earth's climate to understand one of its normal but extreme components.

Download or read book Biodiversity and Sustainable Development written by Rabindra Nath Pati and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers presented at the First Global Summit on Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, held at Raipur during 7-9 February 2009.

Download or read book An Introduction to Differential Manifolds written by Jacques Lafontaine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-29 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to differential manifolds. It gives solid preliminaries for more advanced topics: Riemannian manifolds, differential topology, Lie theory. It presupposes little background: the reader is only expected to master basic differential calculus, and a little point-set topology. The book covers the main topics of differential geometry: manifolds, tangent space, vector fields, differential forms, Lie groups, and a few more sophisticated topics such as de Rham cohomology, degree theory and the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for surfaces. Its ambition is to give solid foundations. In particular, the introduction of “abstract” notions such as manifolds or differential forms is motivated via questions and examples from mathematics or theoretical physics. More than 150 exercises, some of them easy and classical, some others more sophisticated, will help the beginner as well as the more expert reader. Solutions are provided for most of them. The book should be of interest to various readers: undergraduate and graduate students for a first contact to differential manifolds, mathematicians from other fields and physicists who wish to acquire some feeling about this beautiful theory. The original French text Introduction aux variétés différentielles has been a best-seller in its category in France for many years. Jacques Lafontaine was successively assistant Professor at Paris Diderot University and Professor at the University of Montpellier, where he is presently emeritus. His main research interests are Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, including some aspects of mathematical relativity. Besides his personal research articles, he was involved in several textbooks and research monographs.

Download or read book Aeronomy written by P. M. Banks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aeronomy, Part A is an attempt to make a comprehensive exposition of the processes in aeronomy, the study of composition, movement, and thermal balance of the upper regions of the planetary atmosphere. The text covers topics such as atmospheric regions and atmospheric density, the temperature and molecular mass of the atmosphere; the permanent constituents and the molecular and isotonic composition of the homosphere; and the transition from the homosphere to the heterosphere. Also covered are topics such as the temperature gradient and energies in the thermosphere, conditions at 200km and above 250km, solar radiation and ionization, and aeronomic reactions. The book is recommended for scientists, especially natural physicists, who would like to know more about the field of aeronomy and its advances.

Download or read book Applied Reactor Physics written by Alain Hébert and published by Presses inter Polytechnique. This book was released on 2009 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Minimum competence in scientific English written by Sue Blattes and published by L'Editeur : EDP Sciences. This book was released on 2003 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cet ouvrage, devenu célèbre sous son sigle MCSE, a déjà été utilisé par plus de 50 000 étudiants, chercheurs, professionnels. L'objectif est de lire et écrire des textes en anglais scientifique avec facilité et pertinence. L'ouvrage est conçu pour que l'apprenant devienne un véritable utilisateur de l'anglais. La méthode originale repose sur l'analyse des fonctions et structures nécessaires : measurement, frequency, comparison, modification, link words, time, cause and consequence, hypothesis, modality, purpose and process, impersonal forms, compound nouns and adjectives. Dans chaque unit, des tests d'auto-évaluation permettent de se situer et de construire son parcours de formation, d'abord en définissant ses objectifs à l'aide des key points et du lexis, puis, de façon plus personnalisée, en puisant dans les examples in context, checkpoints (back to basics, word web), web search, FAQs... MCSE est l'outil de base d'une méthode qui comprend aussi d'autres outils dans la même collection (Listening Comprehension for Scientiflc English et Speaking Skills in Scientitic English). L'ouvrage est destiné à tout apprenant de niveau baccalauréat qui désire acquérir une réelle compétence dans l'écriture et la lecture de textes en anglais scientifique.

Download or read book The Last Billion Years written by Atlantic Geoscience Society and published by Nimbus Publishing (CN). This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the history of the rocks and fossils of the Maritime Provinces of Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and PEI) over the last billion years. The book is beautifully illustrated in full colour, with original paintings of ancient vistas, over 150 photographs, and crisp explanatory diagrams and sketches.

Download or read book Popular Astronomy written by Camille Flammarion and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transport Theory written by James J. Duderstadt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1979 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problems after each chapter

Download or read book Nuclear Computational Science written by Yousry Azmy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear engineering has undergone extensive progress over the years. In the past century, colossal developments have been made and with specific reference to the mathematical theory and computational science underlying this discipline, advances in areas such as high-order discretization methods, Krylov Methods and Iteration Acceleration have steadily grown. Nuclear Computational Science: A Century in Review addresses these topics and many more; topics which hold special ties to the first half of the century, and topics focused around the unique combination of nuclear engineering, computational science and mathematical theory. Comprising eight chapters, Nuclear Computational Science: A Century in Review incorporates a number of carefully selected issues representing a variety of problems, providing the reader with a wealth of information in both a clear and concise manner. The comprehensive nature of the coverage and the stature of the contributing authors combine to make this a unique landmark publication. Targeting the medium to advanced level academic, this book will appeal to researchers and students with an interest in the progression of mathematical theory and its application to nuclear computational science.

Download or read book The Physics of Nuclear Reactors written by Serge Marguet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-26 with total page 1462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume offers readers a progressive and highly detailed introduction to the complex behavior of neutrons in general, and in the context of nuclear power generation. A compendium and handbook for nuclear engineers, a source of teaching material for academic lecturers as well as a graduate text for advanced students and other non-experts wishing to enter this field, it is based on the author’s teaching and research experience and his recognized expertise in nuclear safety. After recapping a number of points in nuclear physics, placing the theoretical notions in their historical context, the book successively reveals the latest quantitative theories concerning: • The slowing-down of neutrons in matter • The charged particles and electromagnetic rays • The calculation scheme, especially the simplification hypothesis • The concept of criticality based on chain reactions • The theory of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactors • The problem of self-shielding • The theory of the nuclear reflector, a subject largely ignored in literature • The computational methods in transport and diffusion theories Complemented by more than 400 bibliographical references, some of which are commented and annotated, and augmented by an appendix on the history of reactor physics at EDF (Electricité De France), this book is the most comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to and reference resource in neutronics and reactor theory.

Download or read book The Changing Ocean written by Bruno Voituriez and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean, like our planet as a whole, is undergoing continual change. Oceanography is the interdisciplinary scientific study of ocean behaviour and its relationship with climate, marine resources and the wider environment. This publication seeks to explore the development of oceanographic research aimed at the the non-specialist and to explain key concepts in an accessible manner. Topics discussed include: a brief history of oceanography and major national scientific expeditions; international co-operation programmes; mechanisms linking ocean dynamics with those of the atmosphere and marine ecosystems; climate change; and future developments in oceanographic study.

Download or read book Convention on Biological Diversity written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reactor Dosimetry written by Harry Farrar and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1994 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 8th ASTM-Euratom Symposium, held in Vail, Colorado, Aug.-Sept. 1993, to provide a forum for experts to discuss their latest results under the broad theme of dosimetry for the correlation of radiation effects. Preceded by a summary of the keynote presentations and followed by summa

Download or read book Diversity of Organisms written by Caroline M. Pond and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describing the structure and habits of living organisms, including viruses, micro-organisms, plants and animals, this book considers how scientists acquire and use knowledge about these organisms to investigate their origins and relationships, and to explore basic biological mechanisms. The principles of the comparative method are explained, using examples from modern research.

Download or read book North East India Geo environmental Issues written by North East India Geographical Society. Academic Session and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed articles presented at the annual academic session of North East India Geographical Society on 9th Feb., 2008.