Download or read book Mod lisation du transport lectronique et de l accumulation de la charge dans les isolants en couches minces written by Anne-Charlotte Amiaud and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les matériaux diélectriques sont présents dans de nombreux dispositifs en microélectronique. Ces derniers peuvent être soumis à de fortes contraintes électriques impactant leur durée de vie. Le stress électrique peut en effet provoquer le claquage du diélectrique ou la modification des performances des composants par accumulation de charges. Dans ces travaux de thèse, différentes méthodes de caractérisation et d'analyse physique ont été utilisées pour étudier la structure des échantillons et identifier les mécanismes en jeu dans le processus d'accumulation de charges dans des couches minces de nitrure de silicium. Puis un code de simulation modélisant les phénomènes de transport de charges dans les isolants a été développé. Le modèle prend en compte des phénomènes de transport par effet tunnel et par effet thermique, dans le volume du diélectrique et aux interfaces isolant-métal. Il permet d'étudier l'évolution de grandeurs physiques (courants, charge, champ électrique) en fonction du temps et de la profondeur dans la couche mince diélectrique. Des résultats de mesures sur des composants capacitifs ont pu être reproduits grâce aux simulations. Cet outil permet d'estimer l'intérêt d'un matériau diélectrique relativement à la fiabilité de composants capacitifs. Il peut également être utilisé en amont afin de définir un matériau aux propriétés idéales pour l'application visée ou aider au dimensionnement de dispositifs en microélectronique.
Download or read book ETUDE THEORIQUE DE L EMISSION ELECTRONIQUE SECONDAIRE D UNE CIBLE ISOLANTE ET MODELISATION DES EFFETS DE CHARGE written by CHARLES.. ATTARD and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LES PROCESSUS DE CHARGE DANS LES MATERIAUX ISOLANTS NE SONT PAS ENCORE BIEN CONNUS. LA VALIDATION DE RESULTATS D'UNE EXPERIENCE DE CARACTERISATION PAR FAISCEAU D'ELECTRONS NECESSITE UNE DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DES PHENOMENES PHYSIQUES ELEMENTAIRES IMPLIQUES DANS LA CONSTITUTION DE LA CHARGE. EN MICROSCOPIE ELECTRONIQUE A BALAYAGE, LA METHODE DU MIROIR ELECTROSTATIQUE REPRESENTE A CE TITRE UNE APPLICATION INTERESSANTE. L'UTILISATION DANS CE CADRE DE LA METHODE DE MONTE CARLO, PERMET DE SIMULER LE COMPORTEMENT COMPLEXE DE CIBLES ISOLANTES. AU COURS DE CE TRAVAIL, NOUS DECRIVONS GRACE A LA SIMULATION LE PHENOMENE DE CHARGE D'UN ISOLANT SOUMIS AU BOMBARDEMENT D'UN FAISCEAU ELECTRONIQUE D'UNE ENERGIE DE L'ORDRE DU KEV. NOUS COMPARONS NOS RESULTATS AVEC LES DONNEES EXPERIMENTALES DISPONIBLES. DANS LA PREMIERE PARTIE NOUS RAPPELONS LES PRINCIPALES PROPRIETES DES MATERIAUX ISOLANTS. NOUS INSISTONS EN PARTICULIER SUR LE ROLE DE LA FORMATION DE POLARONS, DE LA PRESENCE DE DEFAUTS CRISTALLINS ET DE LA TEMPERATURE SUR LA STABILITE DE LA CHARGE. NOUS PRESENTONS ENSUITE UN MODELE DE TRANSPORT DES CHARGES. CE MODELE INCLUT LES INTERACTIONS ELECTRON-MATIERE (COLLISIONS ELASTIQUES ET INELASTIQUES), AINSI QUE LES PROCESSUS SPECIFIQUES AUX ISOLANTS : EFFETS DE POLARISATION, PIEGEAGE ET DEPIEGEAGE DES PORTEURS. POUR SA MISE EN UVRE CE MODELE UTILISE UNE METHODE DE MONTE CARLO. LE POTENTIEL ET LE CHAMP ELECTRIQUE SONT CALCULES DE FACON AUTO-COHERENTE. DANS LA DEUXIEME PARTIE, NOUS EXPOSONS NOS RESULTATS DE SIMULATIONS. LE PREMIER CHAPITRE EST CONSACRE A L'ETUDE DE L'EMISSION ELECTRONIQUE SECONDAIRE D'UNE CIBLE ISOLANTE. CECI PERMET D'ETALONNER ET DE VALIDER LE MODELE PAR COMPARAISON AVEC DES RESULTATS EXPERIMENTAUX. PUIS NOUS ETUDIONS D'UNE MANIERE DETAILLEE L'INFLUENCE DES PARAMETRES PHYSIQUES SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES CHARGES AU SEIN DU MATERIAU ET LE ROLE DE LA CHARGE D'ESPACE SUR L'EMISSION SECONDAIRE. LA DERNIERE PARTIE EST CONSACREE A LA METHODE MIROIR. L'INFORMATION SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES CHARGES QUE L'ON PEUT TIRER DES MESURES N'EST PAS IMMEDIATE ET UNE SIMULATION EST PARTICULIEREMENT UTILE POUR PRECISER L'INTERPRETATION.
Download or read book Dielectric Phenomena in Solids written by Kwan Chi Kao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-05-11 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In general, a dielectric is considered as a non-conducting or insulating material (such as a ceramic or polymer used to manufacture a microelectronic device). This book describes the laws governing all dielectric phenomena.·A unified approach is used in describing each of the dielectric phenomena, with the aim of answering "what?", "how?" and "why" for the occurrence of each phenomenon;·Coverage unavailable in other books on ferroelectrics, piezoelectrics, pyroelectrics, electro-optic processes, and electrets;·Theoretical analyses are general and broadly applicable;·Mathematics is simplified and emphasis is placed on the physical insight of the mechanisms responsible for the phenomena;·Truly comprehensive coverage not available in the current literature.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Semiconductors written by Peter YU and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellent bridge between general solid-state physics textbook and research articles packed with providing detailed explanations of the electronic, vibrational, transport, and optical properties of semiconductors "The most striking feature of the book is its modern outlook ... provides a wonderful foundation. The most wonderful feature is its efficient style of exposition ... an excellent book." Physics Today "Presents the theoretical derivations carefully and in detail and gives thorough discussions of the experimental results it presents. This makes it an excellent textbook both for learners and for more experienced researchers wishing to check facts. I have enjoyed reading it and strongly recommend it as a text for anyone working with semiconductors ... I know of no better text ... I am sure most semiconductor physicists will find this book useful and I recommend it to them." Contemporary Physics Offers much new material: an extensive appendix about the important and by now well-established, deep center known as the DX center, additional problems and the solutions to over fifty of the problems at the end of the various chapters.
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Download or read book Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures written by Evgeny Y. Tsymbal and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the rapidly developing field of oxide thin-films and heterostructures. Oxide materials combined with atomic-scale precision in a heterostructure exhibit an abundance of macroscopic physical properties involving the strong coupling between the electronic, spin, and structural degrees of freedom, and the interplay between magnetism, ferroelectricity, and conductivity. Recent advances in thin-film deposition and characterization techniques made possible the experimental realization of such oxide heterostructures, promising novel functionalities and device concepts. The book consists of chapters on some of the key innovations in the field over recent years, including strongly correlated oxide heterostructures, magnetoelectric coupling and multiferroic materials, thermoelectric phenomena, and two-dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces. The book covers the core principles, describes experimental approaches to fabricate and characterize oxide heterostructures, demonstrates new functional properties of these materials, and provides an overview of novel applications.
Download or read book Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering written by Don Montague and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1996 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dual-language dictionary lists over 20,000 specialist terms in both French and English, covering architecture, building, engineering and property terms. It meets the needs of all building professionals working on projects overseas. It has been comprehensively researched and compiled to provide an invaluable reference source in an increasingly European marketplace.
Download or read book AGARD Conference Proceedings written by North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Terra 2008 written by Leslie Rainer and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-14 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Download or read book III Nitride Semiconductors written by M.O. Manasreh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-12-06 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research advances in III-nitride semiconductor materials and device have led to an exponential increase in activity directed towards electronic and optoelectronic applications. There is also great scientific interest in this class of materials because they appear to form the first semiconductor system in which extended defects do not severely affect the optical properties of devices. The volume consists of chapters written by a number of leading researchers in nitride materials and device technology with the emphasis on the dopants incorporations, impurities identifications, defects engineering, defects characterization, ion implantation, irradiation-induced defects, residual stress, structural defects and phonon confinement. This unique volume provides a comprehensive review and introduction of defects and structural properties of GaN and related compounds for newcomers to the field and stimulus to further advances for experienced researchers. Given the current level of interest and research activity directed towards nitride materials and devices, the publication of the volume is particularly timely. Early pioneering work by Pankove and co-workers in the 1970s yielded a metal-insulator-semiconductor GaN light-emitting diode (LED), but the difficulty of producing p-type GaN precluded much further effort. The current level of activity in nitride semiconductors was inspired largely by the results of Akasaki and co-workers and of Nakamura and co-workers in the late 1980s and early 1990s in the development of p-type doping in GaN and the demonstration of nitride-based LEDs at visible wavelengths. These advances were followed by the successful fabrication and commercialization of nitride blue laser diodes by Nakamura et al at Nichia. The chapters contained in this volume constitutes a mere sampling of the broad range of research on nitride semiconductor materials and defect issues currently being pursued in academic, government, and industrial laboratories worldwide.
Download or read book Organic Solid State Lasers written by Sébastien Forget and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Download or read book A Frequency Dictionary of French written by Deryle Lonsdale and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-03-25 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Frequency Dictionary of French is an invaluable tool for all learners of French, providing a list of the 5000 most frequently used words in the language. Based on a 23-million-word corpus of French which includes written and spoken material both from France and overseas, this dictionary provides the user with detailed information for each of the 5000 entries, including English equivalents, a sample sentence, its English translation, usage statistics, and an indication of register variation. Users can access the top 5000 words either through the main frequency listing or through an alphabetical index. Throughout the frequency listing there are thematically-organized lists of the top words from a variety of key topics such as sports, weather, clothing, and family terms. An engaging and highly useful resource, the Frequency Dictionary of French will enable students of all levels to get the most out of their study of French vocabulary. Former CD content is now available to access at www.routledge.com/9780415775311 as support material. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research work. Deryle Lonsdale is Associate Professor in the Linguistics and English Language Department at Brigham Young University (Provo, Utah). Yvon Le Bras is Associate Professor of French and Department Chair of the French and Italian Department at Brigham Young University (Provo, Utah).
Download or read book Traditional Mediterranean Architecture written by Amin Maalouf and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Nanoscopy written by Gustaaf van Tendeloo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-21 with total page 1484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This completely revised successor to the Handbook of Microscopy supplies in-depth coverage of all imaging technologies from the optical to the electron and scanning techniques. Adopting a twofold approach, the book firstly presents the various technologies as such, before going on to cover the materials class by class, analyzing how the different imaging methods can be successfully applied. It covers the latest developments in techniques, such as in-situ TEM, 3D imaging in TEM and SEM, as well as a broad range of material types, including metals, alloys, ceramics, polymers, semiconductors, minerals, quasicrystals, amorphous solids, among others. The volumes are divided between methods and applications, making this both a reliable reference and handbook for chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as graduate students and their lecturers.
Download or read book Standard for Fire Safety Criteria for Manufactured Home Installations Sites and Communities written by National Fire Protection Association and published by . This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solid State Dosimetry written by Klaus Becker and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
