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Book Mod  lisation du comportement des composites thermoplastiques    renforts continus dans les proc  d  s de mise en forme

Download or read book Mod lisation du comportement des composites thermoplastiques renforts continus dans les proc d s de mise en forme written by Hicham Chaouki and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les matériaux composites constituent de nos jours, de par leurs propriétés très prisées, des matériaux incontournables dans plusieurs secteurs industriels telles les industries aéronautique, automobile et navale. Bien que les applications industrielles aient été axées durant des décennies sur les matériaux composites à matrices thermodurcissables, les composites thermoplastiques à renforts continus connaissent actuellement un grand essor. Dans ce sens, des recherches considérables ont été menées sur la modélisation du comportement des matériaux thermoplastiques chargés de fibres continues à température ambiante. Cependant, la modélisation du comportement de ces matériaux à hautes températures et dans les conditions de mise en forme demeure une problématique d'actualité et relativement peu étudiée. Ce travail de thèse se veut une contribution à la modélisation du comportement des composites thermoplastiques à renforts continus dans les procédés de mise en forme. Deux directions de recherches ont été explorées. La première direction consiste à développer une loi constitutive viscoélastique orthotrope pour les milieux incompressibles, et sous l'hypothèse d'un processus isotherme. Dans cette optique, on se propose d'exploiter la théorie du modèle K-BKZ, destiné à la rhéologie des fluides viscoélastiques isotropes, pour une extension aux cas orthotrope et transversalement isotrope. Les tenseurs d'orientation des fibres sont introduits comme arguments de la fonctionnelle densité d'énergie libre pour tenir compte de la symétrie matérielle. La réponse du milieu est formulée en considérant les apports des constituants du milieu, pris séparément, augmentés de la réponse due aux interactions entre la résine et les fibres. Ce faisant, la densité d'énergie libre sera décomposée en un produit d'une fonction mémoire, responsable de la relaxation, et d'une fonction des déformations, laquelle a été scindée en la somme de quatre composantes : i) une fonction rendant compte du comportement de la matrice, ii) une composante responsable de la réponse de la première famille de fibres, iii) une composante responsable de la seconde famille de fibres et iv) une fonction rendant compte des interactions matrice-fibres. La seconde direction vise l'étude du phénomène de l'endommagement susceptible de toucher les composites thermoplastiques à renforts continus dans des conditions proches de celles de la mise en forme. Dans cette perspective, une loi constitutive hyperélastique orthotrope avec endommagement sera proposée. On fait appel à une approche thermodynamique classique, basée sur l'existence d'un potentiel d'énergie libre duquel découle le tenseur de contraintes, et au principe de la contrainte effective, bien connu de la théorie de l'endommagement. À l'instar du modèle viscoélastique orthotrope, la fonctionnelle densité d'énergie libre sera décomposée en la somme de quatre composantes responsables des réponses de la résine, des deux familles de fibres et des interactions matrice-fibres. Pour introduire le phénomène de l'endommagement, on associe à chaque constituant du milieu (i.e. les fibres et la résine) une variable d'endommagement isotrope. Chacune de ces variables est associée à la composante de l'énergie libre rendant compte du comportement du constituant qu'elle caractérise. Une loi d'évolution de l'endommagement isotrope est également associée à la composante de l'énergie libre responsable des interactions matrice-fibres. Les hypothèses d'un milieu incompressible et d'un processus isotherme ont été notamment retenues. Une campagne d'essais expérimentaux, axée sur des essais de traction dans les directions 0°/90° et ±45°, a été réalisée pour caractériser l'endommagement d'une classe de composite thermoplastique à renforts continus. Les résultats de ces essais ainsi que ceux rencontrés dans la littérature ont été exploités afin de réaliser une procédure d'identification inverse visant à tester l'aptitude des modèles de comportement proposés à reproduire des résultats expérimentaux. Des simulations par éléments finis de la mise en forme d'un composite thermoplastique à renforts continus ont été réalisées. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les modèles utilisés reproduisent des résultats physiquement admissibles et en concordance avec des observations expérimentales.

Book Mod  lisation et simulation de la mise en forme des composites pr  impr  gn  s    matrice thermoplastiques et fibres continues

Download or read book Mod lisation et simulation de la mise en forme des composites pr impr gn s matrice thermoplastiques et fibres continues written by Eduardo Guzman Maldonado and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les matériaux composites sont largement employés dans le domaine aérospatial grâce à leurs excellentes propriétés mécaniques, leur résistance aux chocs et à la fatigue, tout en restant plus légers que les matériaux conventionnels. Au cours des dernières années, l'industrie automobile a montré un intérêt croissant pour les procédés de fabrication et de transformation de matériaux composites à matrice thermoplastiques. Cela favorisé par le développement et l'optimisation des procèdes de mise en forme tels que le thermostampage, en vue de la réduction de temps de cycle. La modélisation et la simulation de ce procédé sont des étapes importantes pour la prédiction des propriétés mécaniques et de la faisabilité technique des pièces à géométrie complexe. Elles permettent d'optimiser les paramètres de fabrication et du procédé lui-même. À cette fin, ce travail propose une approche pour la simulation de la mise en forme des matériaux composites préimprégnés thermoplastiques. Un modèle viscohyperélastique avec une dépendance à la température a été proposé dans l'objectif de décrire le comportement du composite thermoplastique à l'état fondu. Et permets de faire des simulations de mise en forme à différentes températures. Au cours cette simulation, des calculs thermiques et mécaniques sont effectués de manière séquentielle afin d'actualiser les propriétés mécaniques avec l'évolution du champ température. L'identification des propriétés thermiques sont obtenues par homogénéisation à partir des analyses au niveau mésoscopique du matériau. La comparaison de la simulation avec le thermoformage expérimental d'une pièce représentative de l'industrie automobile analyse la pertinence de l'approche proposée.

Book   tude du comportement m  canique et de l endommagement de composites thermoplastiques renforc  s de fibres courtes de chanvre

Download or read book tude du comportement m canique et de l endommagement de composites thermoplastiques renforc s de fibres courtes de chanvre written by Florian Gehring and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Afin de limiter l'utilisation des ressources fossiles, les composites à fibres naturelles semblent être une alternative prometteuse aux composites à fibres synthétiques. Ainsi cette thèse se propose d'étudier un composite thermoplastique renforcé par des fibres courtes d'origine végétale (polypropylène/chanvre). En effet, la température de mise en forme du PP permet l'incorporation de renforts naturels. De plus la culture du chanvre est relativement aisée en Lorraine. Ces composites ont été élaborés via compoundage - moulage par injection. Ce travail s'appuie sur une démarche de caractérisation du comportement thermomécanique de ces composites dans le domaine quasi-statique en prêtant particulièrement attention à l'influence de la vitesse de déformation, de la fraction volumique de chanvre et de la température. L'endommagement a été mis en évidence par des essais de type charge-décharge-maintien et par un suivi in-situ par thermographie infrarouge. Cette étude a montré une rupture « quasi-fragile » par fissuration de la matrice quelque soit le taux de renfort. Une étude statistique complète de la microstructure en terme de distribution d'orientation et de répartition spatiale des fibres a été conduite par tomographie aux rayons X et a permis de développer un algorithme de génération automatique d'un modèle éléments-finis intégrant les distributions d'orientation et de répartition ainsi que les facteurs géométriques des fibres (L,Ø). Cet algorithme permet de rendre compte, dans la modélisation, de l'interaction complexe entre les fibres supposées élastiques isotropes. Enfin, la modélisation par éléments-finis du comportement du composite PPC est entreprise. Le comportement élastique avec endommagement progressif de la matrice est obtenu suivant un formalisme micromécanique dans lequel celle-ci est considérée comme un solide élastique isotrope affaibli par des microfissures de forme penny-shapped. Ce comportement est implémenté sur abaqus via une routine Fortran. Cette démarche offre de bonnes capacités de prédiction et ouvre des perspectives d'optimisation de ce matériau.

Book Poly lactic acid  Science and Technology

Download or read book Poly lactic acid Science and Technology written by Alfonso Jiménez and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterisation, properties and applications of poly(lactic acid) science and technology covering scientific, ecological, social and economic issues.

Book AGARD Conference Proceedings

    Book Details:
  • Author : North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 1994
  • ISBN : 9789283600046
  • Pages : pages

Download or read book AGARD Conference Proceedings written by North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Nanocellulose

Download or read book Nanocellulose written by Jin Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensively introduces readers to the production, modifications, and applications of nanocellulose This book gives a thorough introduction to the structure, properties, surface modification, theory, mechanism of composites, and functional materials derived from nanocellulose. It also provides in-depth descriptions of plastics, composites, and functional nanomaterials specifically derived from cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, and bacterial cellulose. It includes the most recent progress in developing a conceptual framework of nanocellulose, as well as its numerous applications in the design and manufacture of nanocomposites and functional nanomaterials. The book also looks at the relationship between structure and properties. Featuring contributions from many noted experts in the field, Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Materials examines the current status of nanocomposites based on nanocelluloses. It covers surface modification of nanocellulose in the nanocomposites development; reinforcing mechanism of cellulose nanocrystals in nanocomposites; and advanced materials based on self-organization of cellulose nanocrystals. The book studies the role of cellulose nanofibrils in nanocomposites, as well as a potential application based on colloidal properties of cellulose nanocrystals. It also offers strategies to explore biomedical applications of nanocellulose. Provides comprehensive knowledge on the topic of nanocellulose, including the preparation, structure, properties, surface modification and strategy Covers new reports on the application of nanocellulose Summarizes three kinds of nanocellulose (cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, and bacterial cellulose) and their production, modification, and applications Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Materials is a useful resource for specialist researchers of chemistry, materials, and nanotechnology science, as well as for researchers and students of the subject.

Book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals

Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.

Book Polysaccharide Based Nanocrystals

Download or read book Polysaccharide Based Nanocrystals written by Jin Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polysaccharide nanocrystals, an emerging green nanoingredient (nanomaterial) with high crystallinity obtained by acid hydrolysis of biomass-based polysaccharides, are of scientific and economic significance owing to their abundance, biodegradation potential, and fascinating functional performance. This versatile class of materials can be used in nanocomposites such as rubber or polyester, and in functional materials such as drug carriers, bio-inspired mechanically adaptive materials or membranes, to name but a few. This book encompasses the extraction, structure, properties, surface modification, theory, and mechanism of diverse functional systems derived from polysaccharide nanocrystals. This highly sought-after trendy book is currently the only monograph devoted to the most current knowledge pertaining to this exciting subject area. It is ideal for researchers and stakeholders who wish to broaden and deepen their knowledge in the fast-moving and rapidly expanding R&D field of polymeric materials.

Book Cellulose Nanoparticles

    Book Details:
  • Author : Vijay Kumar Thakur
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 2021-07-09
  • ISBN : 9781788017992
  • Pages : 1154 pages

Download or read book Cellulose Nanoparticles written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and published by . This book was released on 2021-07-09 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set covers Cellulose Nanoparticles: Chemistry and Fundamentals and Cellulose Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Manufacturing. These books form a useful reference work for graduate students and researchers in chemistry, materials science, nanoscience and green nanotechnology.

Book Nonlinear Optical Materials

Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Jerome V. Moloney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-13 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical methods play a significant role in the rapidly growing field of nonlinear optical materials. This volume discusses a number of successful or promising contributions. The overall theme of this volume is twofold: (1) the challenges faced in computing and optimizing nonlinear optical material properties; and (2) the exploitation of these properties in important areas of application. These include the design of optical amplifiers and lasers, as well as novel optical switches. Research topics in this volume include how to exploit the magnetooptic effect, how to work with the nonlinear optical response of materials, how to predict laser-induced breakdown in efficient optical devices, and how to handle electron cloud distortion in femtosecond processes.

Book Modern Approaches to Terminological Theories and Applications

Download or read book Modern Approaches to Terminological Theories and Applications written by Heribert Picht and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2006 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises contributions originally presented at the 15th European Symposium on Languages for Special Purposes held at the University of Bergamo on 29 August - 2 September 2005. The volume is divided into four parts: Approaches to Terminological Theories; Terms in Discourse; Knowledge Elicitation, Ordering and Management; Term extraction and terminographical work. The research presented in the various contributions to this volume clearly indicates that terminology as an inter- and transdisciplinary field of knowledge is firmly developing its theoretical foundations and practical applications in accordance with and within the framework of its overall goal: to ensure and to augment the quality of communication with professional content.

Book Languages for Special Purposes

Download or read book Languages for Special Purposes written by John Humbley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook gives an overview of language for special purposes (LSP) in scientific, professional and other contexts, with particular focus on teaching and training. It provides insights into research paradigms, theories and methods while also highlighting the practical use of LSPs in concrete discourse situations. The volume is transdisciplinary oriented with a firm basis in the language sciences, including terminology, knowledge transfer, multilingual and cross-cultural exchange.

Book Special Language

Download or read book Special Language written by Christer Laurén and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the most advanced human thinking is expressed by special language there are exciting possibilities for research in which philosophical, semantic, semiotic, text-linguistic and pragmatic approaches are utilized.

Book Greek Painted Pottery

    Book Details:
  • Author : Robert Manuel Cook
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 1997
  • ISBN :
  • Pages : 0 pages

Download or read book Greek Painted Pottery written by Robert Manuel Cook and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Athenian Vase Construction

Download or read book Athenian Vase Construction written by Toby Schreiber and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 1999-05-27 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on her study of Greek pottery sherds and vases and on her profound hands-on knowledge of pottery construction techniques, including experiments with the potting of Attic shapes, Toby Schreiber describes how ancient Greek potters constructed their vases. Drawn in large part from vases and fragments in the collection of the Getty Museum, the many photographs that accompany the text show how much even seemingly insignificant sherds may reveal about technique when studied by someone knowledgeable about potting. The drawings - all done by the author - demonstrate step by step with admirable clarity how the potter executed his craft. Written by a master potter, this is a book both for those who know little or nothing about potting techniques and for those who already have an understanding of these matters.

Book Formal Ontology in Information Systems

Download or read book Formal Ontology in Information Systems written by Brandon Bennett and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers in areas such as artificial intelligence, formal and computational linguistics, biomedical informatics, conceptual modeling, knowledge engineering and information retrieval have come to realize that a solid foundation for their research calls for serious work in ontology, understood as a general theory of the types of entities and relations that make up their respective domains of inquiry. In all these areas, attention is now being focused on the content of information rather than on just the formats and languages used to represent information. The clearest example of this development is provided by the many initiatives growing up around the project of the Semantic Web. And, as the need for integrating research in these different fields arises, so does the realization that strong principles for building well-founded ontologies might provide significant advantages over ad hoc, case-based solutions. The tools of formal ontology address precisely these needs, but a real effort is required in order to apply such philosophical tools to the domain of information systems. ontological questions which call for further philosophical investigations. The purpose of FOIS is to provide a forum for genuine interdisciplinary exchange in the spirit of a unified effort towards solving the problems of ontology, with an eye to both theoretical issues and concrete applications. This book contains a wide range of areas, all of which are important to the development of formal ontologies.

Book NeOn Methodology for Building Ontology Networks

Download or read book NeOn Methodology for Building Ontology Networks written by Mari Carmen Suárez-Figueroa and published by Ios PressInc. This book was released on 2012 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new ontology development paradigm has started its emphasis lies on the reuse and possible subsequent reengineering of knowledge resources, on the collaborative and argumentative ontology development, and on the building of ontology networks this new trend is the opposite of building new ontologies from scratch. To help ontology developers in this new paradigm, it is important to provide strong methodological support.However, up to date, there are no methodological approaches that help ontology developers to build large ontologies embedded in ontology networks in complex settings where distributed teams could