Download or read book Mod le computationnel d attention pour la vision adaptative written by Matthieu Perreira da Silva and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'analyse temps réel de la masse de données générée par les mécanismes de gestion de la vision dans les applications interactives est un problème toujours ouvert, promettant des avancées importantes dans des domaines aussi variés que la robotique, l'apprentissage à distance ou les nouvelles formes d'interactions avec l'utilisateur, sans clavier ni souris. Dans le cadre général de la vision, les algorithmes d'analyse de scène doivent trouver un compromis entre d'une part la qualité des résultats recherchés et d'autre part la quantité de ressources allouable aux différents tâches. Classiquement, ce choix est effectué à la conception du système (sous la forme de paramètres et d'algorithmes prédéfinis), mais cette solution limite le champ d'application de celui-ci. Une solution plus flexible consiste à utiliser un système de vision adaptatif qui pourra modifier sa stratégie d'analyse en fonction des informations disponibles concernant son contexte d'exécution. En conséquence, ce système doit posséder un mécanisme permettant de guider rapidement et efficacement l'exploration de la scène afin d'obtenir ces informations. Chez l'homme, les mécanismes de l'évolution ont mis en place le système d'attention visuelle. Ce système sélectionne les informations importantes afin de réduire la charge cognitive et les ambiguïtés d'interprétation de la scène. Nous proposons, dans cette thèse, un système d'attention visuelle, dont nous définissons l'architecture et les principes de fonctionnement. Ce dernier devra permettre l'interaction avec un système de vision afin qu'il adapte ses traitements en fonction de l'intérêt de chacun des éléments de la scène, i.e. ce que nous appelons saillance. A la croisée des chemins entre les modèles centralisés et hiérarchiques (ex : [Koch1985], puis [Itti1998]), et les modèles distribués et compétitifs (ex : [Desimone1995], puis [Deco2004, Rolls2006]), nous proposons un modèle hiérarchique, compétitif et non centralisé. Cette approche originale permet de générer un point de focalisation attentionnel à chaque pas de temps sans utiliser de carte de saillance ni de mécanisme explicite d'inhibition de retour. Ce nouveau modèle computationnel d'attention visuelle temps réel est basé sur un système d'équations proies / prédateurs, qui est bien adapté pour l'arbitrage entre un comportement attentionnel non déterministe et des propriétés de stabilité, reproductibilité, et réactivité. L'analyse des expérimentations menées est positive : malgré le comportement non-déterministe des équations proies / prédateurs, ce système possède des propriétés intéressantes de stabilité, reproductibilité, et réactivité, tout en permettant une exploration rapide et efficace de la scène. Ces propriétés ouvrent la possibilité d'aborder différents types d'applications allant de l'évaluation de la complexité d'images et de vidéos à la détection et au suivi d'objets. Enfin, bien qu'il soit destiné à la vision par ordinateur, nous comparons notre modèle au système attentionnel humain et montrons que celui-ci présente un comportement aussi plausible (voire plus en fonction du comportement défini) que les modèles classiques existants.
Download or read book Innovative Research in Attention Modeling and Computer Vision Applications written by Pal, Rajarshi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-10-02 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robotics and autonomous systems can aid disabled individuals in daily living or make a workplace more productive, but these tools are only as effective as the technology behind them. Robotic systems must be able to accurately identify and act upon elements in their environment to be effective in performing their duties. Innovative Research in Attention Modeling and Computer Vision Applications explores the latest research in image processing and pattern recognition for use in robotic real-time cryptography and surveillance applications. This book provides researchers, students, academicians, software designers, and application developers with next-generation insight into the use of computer vision technologies in a variety of industries and endeavors. This premier reference work includes chapters on topics ranging from biometric and facial recognition technologies, to digital image and video watermarking, among many others.
Download or read book 3D Printing Breakthroughs in Research and Practice written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-10-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advancement of modern technology has allowed for impressive developments in manufacturing processes. Out of these developments, 3D printing has emerged as a new method. 3D Printing: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice is a comprehensive reference source for the latest research and advances on 3D printing processes, technologies, and methods. Highlighting emerging perspectives on manufacturing and industrial applications, this book is ideally designed for professionals, practitioners, students, and researchers interested in the latest developments and uses of 3D printing.
Download or read book Adaptive Visual Attention Model written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual attention, defined as the ability of a biological or artificial vision system to rapidly detect potentially relevant parts of a visual scene, provides a general purpose solution for low level feature detection in a vision architecture. Well considered for its universal detection behaviour, the general model of visual attention is suited for any environment but inferior to dedicated feature detectors in more specific environments. The goal of the development presented in this paper is to remedy this disadvantage by providing an adaptive visual attention model that, after its automatic tuning to a given environment during a learning phase, performs similarly well as a dedicated feature detector. The paper proposes the structure of an adaptive visual attention model derived from the saliency visual attention model. The adaptive model is characterized by parameters that act at several feature detection levels. A procedure for automatic tuning the parameters by learning from examples is proposed. The experimental examples provided show the feature selection capacity of the generic visual attention model. The proposed adaptive visual attention model represents a frame for further developments and improvements in adaptive visual attention.
Download or read book Predictions in the Brain written by Moshe Bar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When one is immersed in the fascinating world of neuroscience findings, the brain might start to seem like a collection of "modules," each specializes in a specific mental feat. But just like in other domains of Nature, it is possible that much of the brain and mind's operation can be explained with a small set of universal principles. Given exciting recent developments in theory, empirical findings and computational studies, it seems that the generation of predictions might be one strong candidate for such a universal principle. This is the focus of Predictions in the brain. From the predictions required when a rat navigates a maze to food-caching in scrub-jays; from predictions essential in decision-making to social interactions; from predictions in the retina to the prefrontal cortex; and from predictions in early development to foresight in non-humans. The perspectives represented in this collection span a spectrum from the cellular underpinnings to the computational principles underlying future-related mental processes, and from systems neuroscience to cognition and emotion. In spite of this diversity, they share some core elements. Memory, for instance, is critical in any framework that explains predictions. In asking "what is next?" our brains have to refer to memory and experience on the way to simulating our mental future. But as much as this collection offers answers to important questions, it raises and emphasizes outstanding ones. How are experiences coded optimally to afford using them for predictions? How do we construct a new simulation from separate memories? How specific in detail are future-oriented thoughts, and when do they rely on imagery, concepts or language? Therefore, in addition to presenting the state-of-the-art of research and ideas about predictions as a universal principle in mind and brain, it is hoped that this collection will stimulate important new research into the foundations of our mental lives.
Download or read book Brain Computer Interfaces Handbook written by Chang S. Nam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain–Computer Interfaces Handbook: Technological and Theoretical Advances provides a tutorial and an overview of the rich and multi-faceted world of Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs). The authors supply readers with a contemporary presentation of fundamentals, theories, and diverse applications of BCI, creating a valuable resource for anyone involved with the improvement of people’s lives by replacing, restoring, improving, supplementing or enhancing natural output from the central nervous system. It is a useful guide for readers interested in understanding how neural bases for cognitive and sensory functions, such as seeing, hearing, and remembering, relate to real-world technologies. More precisely, this handbook details clinical, therapeutic and human-computer interfaces applications of BCI and various aspects of human cognition and behavior such as perception, affect, and action. It overviews the different methods and techniques used in acquiring and pre-processing brain signals, extracting features, and classifying users’ mental states and intentions. Various theories, models, and empirical findings regarding the ways in which the human brain interfaces with external systems and environments using BCI are also explored. The handbook concludes by engaging ethical considerations, open questions, and challenges that continue to face brain–computer interface research. Features an in-depth look at the different methods and techniques used in acquiring and pre-processing brain signals, extracting features, and classifying the user's intention Covers various theories, models, and empirical findings regarding ways in which the human brain can interface with the systems or external environments Presents applications of BCI technology to understand various aspects of human cognition and behavior such as perception, affect, action, and more Includes clinical trials and individual case studies of the experimental therapeutic applications of BCI Provides human factors and human-computer interface concerns in the design, development, and evaluation of BCIs Overall, this handbook provides a synopsis of key technological and theoretical advances that are directly applicable to brain–computer interfacing technologies and can be readily understood and applied by individuals with no formal training in BCI research and development.
Download or read book Self organization in the Evolution of Speech written by Pierre-Yves Oudeyer and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech is the principal supporting medium of language. In this book Pierre-Yves Oudeyer considers how spoken language first emerged. He presents an original and integrated view of the interactions between self-organization and natural selection, reformulates questions about the origins ofspeech, and puts forward what at first sight appears to be a startling proposal - that speech can be spontaneously generated by the coupling of evolutionarily simple neural structures connecting perception and production. He explores this hypothesis by constructing a computational system to modelthe effects of linking auditory and vocal motor neural nets. He shows that a population of agents which used holistic and unarticulated vocalizations at the outset are inexorably led to a state in which their vocalizations have become discrete, combinatorial, and categorized in the same way by allgroup members. Furthermore, the simple syntactic rules that have emerged to regulate the combinations of sounds exhibit the fundamental properties of modern human speech systems.This original and fascinating account will interest all those interested in the evolution of speech.
Download or read book Psychology of Reading written by Keith Rayner and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970s, much has been learned about the reading process from research by cognitive psychologists. This book summarizes that important work and puts it into a coherent framework.
Download or read book Human Memory written by Geoffrey R. Loftus and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1976 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1976. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Language as a Complex Adaptive System written by Nick C. Ellis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-30 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores a new approach to studying language as a complex adaptive system, illustrating its commonalities across many areas of language research Brings together a team of leading researchers in linguistics, psychology, and complex systems to discuss the groundbreaking significance of this perspective for their work Illustrates its application across a variety of subfields, including languages usage, language evolution, language structure, and first and second language acquisition "What a breath of fresh air! As interesting a collection of papers as you are likely to find on the evolution, learning, and use of language from the point of view of both cognitive underpinnings and communicative functions." Michael Tomasello, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Download or read book Philosophy in a Time of Terror written by Giovanna Borradori and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea for Philosophy in a Time of Terror was born hours after the attacks on 9/11 and was realized just weeks later when Giovanna Borradori sat down with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida in New York City, in separate interviews, to evaluate the significance of the most destructive terrorist act ever perpetrated. This book marks an unprecedented encounter between two of the most influential thinkers of our age as here, for the first time, Habermas and Derrida overcome their mutual antagonism and agree to appear side by side. As the two philosophers disassemble and reassemble what we think we know about terrorism, they break from the familiar social and political rhetoric increasingly polarized between good and evil. In this process, we watch two of the greatest intellects of the century at work.
Download or read book Automated Planning written by Malik Ghallab and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-05-03 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Download or read book Digital Humanities Pedagogy written by Brett D. Hirsch and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The essays in this collection offer a timely intervention in digital humanities scholarship, bringing together established and emerging scholars from a variety of humanities disciplines across the world. The first section offers views on the practical realities of teaching digital humanities at undergraduate and graduate levels, presenting case studies and snapshots of the authors' experiences alongside models for future courses and reflections on pedagogical successes and failures. The next section proposes strategies for teaching foundational digital humanities methods across a variety of scholarly disciplines, and the book concludes with wider debates about the place of digital humanities in the academy, from the field's cultural assumptions and social obligations to its political visions." (4e de couverture).
Download or read book Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention MICCAI 2012 written by Nicholas Ayache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three-volume set LNCS 7510, 7511, and 7512 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2012, held in Nice, France, in October 2012. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the program committee carefully selected 252 revised papers from 781 submissions for presentation in three volumes. The third volume includes 79 papers organized in topical sections on diffusion imaging: from acquisition to tractography; image acquisition, segmentation and recognition; image registration; neuroimage analysis; analysis of microscopic and optical images; image segmentation; diffusion weighted imaging; computer-aided diagnosis and planning; and microscopic image analysis.
Download or read book The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide written by Yogesh Dwivedi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With recent studies using genetic, epigenetic, and other molecular and neurochemical approaches, a new era has begun in understanding pathophysiology of suicide. Emerging evidence suggests that neurobiological factors are not only critical in providing potential risk factors but also provide a promising approach to develop more effective treatment and prevention strategies. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide discusses the most recent findings in suicide neurobiology. Psychological, psychosocial, and cultural factors are important in determining the risk factors for suicide; however, they offer weak prediction and can be of little clinical use. Interestingly, cognitive characteristics are different among depressed suicidal and depressed nonsuicidal subjects, and could be involved in the development of suicidal behavior. The characterization of the neurobiological basis of suicide is in delineating the risk factors associated with suicide. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide focuses on how and why these neurobiological factors are crucial in the pathogenic mechanisms of suicidal behavior and how these findings can be transformed into potential therapeutic applications.
Download or read book Buyology written by Martin Lindstrom and published by Currency. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “A fascinating look at how consumers perceive logos, ads, commercials, brands, and products.”—Time How much do we know about why we buy? What truly influences our decisions in today’s message-cluttered world? In Buyology, Martin Lindstrom presents the astonishing findings from his groundbreaking three-year, seven-million-dollar neuromarketing study—a cutting-edge experiment that peered inside the brains of 2,000 volunteers from all around the world as they encountered various ads, logos, commercials, brands, and products. His startling results shatter much of what we have long believed about what captures our interest—and drives us to buy. Among the questions he explores: • Does sex actually sell? • Does subliminal advertising still surround us? • Can “cool” brands trigger our mating instincts? • Can our other senses—smell, touch, and sound—be aroused when we see a product? Buyology is a fascinating and shocking journey into the mind of today's consumer that will captivate anyone who's been seduced—or turned off—by marketers' relentless attempts to win our loyalty, our money, and our minds.
