Download or read book Mixture and Hidden Markov Models with R written by Ingmar Visser and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses mixture and hidden Markov models for modeling behavioral data. Mixture and hidden Markov models are statistical models which are useful when an observed system occupies a number of distinct “regimes” or unobserved (hidden) states. These models are widely used in a variety of fields, including artificial intelligence, biology, finance, and psychology. Hidden Markov models can be viewed as an extension of mixture models, to model transitions between states over time. Covering both mixture and hidden Markov models in a single book allows main concepts and issues to be introduced in the relatively simpler context of mixture models. After a thorough treatment of the theory and practice of mixture modeling, the conceptual leap towards hidden Markov models is relatively straightforward. This book provides many practical examples illustrating the wide variety of uses of the models. These examples are drawn from our own work in psychology, as well as other areas such as financial time series and climate data. Most examples illustrate the use of the authors’ depmixS4 package, which provides a flexible framework to construct and estimate mixture and hidden Markov models. All examples are fully reproducible and the accompanying hmmR package provides all the datasets used, as well as additional functionality. This book is suitable for advanced students and researchers with an applied background.
Download or read book Multicomponent Interfacial Transport written by Kirill Glavatskiy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-18 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thermodynamically consistent description of the transport across interfaces in mixtures has for a long time been an open issue. This research clarifies that the interface between a liquid and a vapor in a mixture is in local equilibrium during evaporation and condensation. It implies that the thermodynamics developed for interfaces by Gibbs can be applied also away from equilibrium, which is typically the case in reality. A description of phase transitions is of great importance for the understanding of both natural and industrial processes. For example, it is relevant for the understanding of the increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, or improvements of efficiency in distillation columns. This excellent work of luminescent scientific novelty has brought this area a significant step forward. The systematic documentation of the approach will facilitate further applications of the theoretical framework to important problems.
Download or read book Mixture and Continuous Discontinuity Hypotheses written by Andrew Yim and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A parsimonious model is developed to understand two perplexing, salient features of the distributions of earnings, earnings change, and earnings surprise. The model provides guidance for empirical work to uncover the unmanaged earnings important to firm valuation and public scrutiny, yet unobserved by outside parties. Simulation results based on the model show that the puzzling volcano shape of the distributions can arise from the mixture of a spiky distribution of managed earnings with a bell-shaped distribution of unmanaged earnings. The spiky distribution is due to cookie-jar earnings management that compresses unmanaged earnings from both sides toward an earnings benchmark, leading to a concentration of density around there. The mixture is due to the auditor's adjustment decision, which seems stochastic from the public's or client firm's perspective. Additional simulation results suggest that the widely documented discontinuity in the distributions can be partly due to a steep increase in density appearing like a discontinuity when a continuous distribution is plotted in terms of frequency counts in histogram bins. The main analytical results are a general characterization of the optimal earnings management strategy and the derivation of closed-form solutions for particular functional form assumptions. Potential applications include structurally estimating the model for policy analysis to assess the impact on earnings manipulation.
Download or read book Flows and Chemical Reactions in Homogeneous Mixtures written by Roger Prud'homme and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flows with chemical reactions can occur in various fields such as combustion, process engineering, aeronautics, the atmospheric environment and aquatics. The examples of application chosen in this book mainly concern homogeneous reactive mixtures that can occur in propellers within the fields of process engineering and combustion: – propagation of sound and monodimensional flows in nozzles, which may include disequilibria of the internal modes of the energy of molecules; – ideal chemical reactors, stabilization of their steady operation points in the homogeneous case of a perfect mixture and classical instruments of experimental and theoretical analysis such as population balances, and the distribution of residence and passage times; – laminar and turbulent flames, separating those which are premixed from those which are not and which do not exhibit the same mechanisms, but which also occur in the case of triple flames. Flows and Chemical Reactions in Homogeneous Mixtures provides information on dimensional analysis, statistical thermodynamics with coupling between internal modes and chemical reactions, the apparition and damping of fluid turbulence as well as its statistical processing, bifurcations, flames in a confined medium and diffusion. Contents 1. Flows in Nozzles. 2. Chemical Reactors. 3. Laminar and Turbulent Flames. Appendix 1. Dimensionless Numbers, Similarity. Appendix 2. Thermodynamic Functions. Appendix 3. Concepts of Turbulence. Appendix 4. Thermodynamic functions for a mixture in disequilibrium. Appendix 5. Notion of bifurcation. Appendix 6. Confined flame. Appendix 7. Limits of Validity of the First-order Expansions for Diffusion Flames.
Download or read book The Economics of Complex Spatial Systems written by A. Reggiani and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-05-05 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that complexity theory offers new departures for (spatial-) economic modelling. It offers a broad overview of recent advances in non-linear dynamics (catastrophe theory, chaos theory, evolutionary theory and so forth) and illustrates the relevance of this new paradigm on the basis of several illustrations in the area of space-economy. The empirical limitations - inherent in the use of non-linear dynamic systems approaches - are also addressed. Next, the application potential of biocomputing (in particular, neural networks and evolutionary algorithms) is stressed, while various empirical model results are presented. The book concludes with an agenda for further research.
Download or read book Stability of Dynamical Systems written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the analysis and synthesis of contemporary systems, engineers and scientists are frequently confronted with increasingly complex models that may simultaneously include components whose states evolve along continuous time and discrete instants; components whose descriptions may exhibit nonlinearities, time lags, transportation delays, hysteresis effects, and uncertainties in parameters; and components that cannot be described by various classical equations, as in the case of discrete-event systems, logic commands, and Petri nets. The qualitative analysis of such systems requires results for finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional systems; continuous-time and discrete-time systems; continuous continuous-time and discontinuous continuous-time systems; and hybrid systems involving a mixture of continuous and discrete dynamics. Filling a gap in the literature, this textbook presents the first comprehensive stability analysis of all the major types of system models described above. Throughout the book, the applicability of the developed theory is demonstrated by means of many specific examples and applications to important classes of systems, including digital control systems, nonlinear regulator systems, pulse-width-modulated feedback control systems, artificial neural networks (with and without time delays), digital signal processing, a class of discrete-event systems (with applications to manufacturing and computer load balancing problems) and a multicore nuclear reactor model. The book covers the following four general topics: * Representation and modeling of dynamical systems of the types described above * Presentation of Lyapunov and Lagrange stability theory for dynamical systems defined on general metric spaces * Specialization of this stability theory to finite-dimensional dynamical systems * Specialization of this stability theory to infinite-dimensional dynamical systems Replete with exercises and requiring basic knowledge of linear algebra, analysis, and differential equations, the work may be used as a textbook for graduate courses in stability theory of dynamical systems. The book may also serve as a self-study reference for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in applied mathematics, engineering, computer science, physics, chemistry, biology, and economics.
Download or read book WADC Technical Report written by United States. Wright Air Development Division and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 1746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large Deformation of Materials with Complex Rheological Properties at Normal and High Pressure written by V. I. Levitas and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large Deformation of Materials with Complex Rheological Properties at Normal & High Pressure
Download or read book Modern Statistical Methods written by Palmer Oliver Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Injection and Combustion of Liquid Fuels written by A. A. Putnam and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 1584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantum Physics written by Mircea S. Rogalski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-17 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basic concepts and methods of quantum mechanics for upper level undergraduate students, allowing them to master its application to real physical situations. A postulate-based treatment is adopted together with a gradual development of the quantum formalism of wave functions, operators, measurement and temporal evolution. Standard topics of one-dimensional and atomic motion, angular momentum and approximation methods are presented in addition to detailed discussions of many-particle systems, atomic and nuclear radiation. Appropriate mathematical tools and techniques are provided wherever necessary. The core text is supplemented by 77 worked examples, some of which address more complex issues and aspects of present-day research. The aim is to make this textbook a realistic introduction to more advanced and specialized texts. The material provides full coverage of the subject matter, 94 problems with solutions and a further 93 with answers only
Download or read book Multiphase Flow Handbook written by Efstathios Michaelides and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 1421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is a thoroughly updated and reorganized revision of the late Clayton Crowe’s work, and provides a detailed look at the basic concepts and the wide range of applications in this important area of thermal/fluids engineering. Revised by the new editors, Efstathios E. (Stathis) Michaelides and John D. Schwarzkopf, the new Second Edition begins with two chapters covering fundamental concepts and methods that pertain to all the types and applications of multiphase flow. The remaining chapters cover the applications and engineering systems that are relevant to all the types of multiphase flow and heat transfer. The twenty-one chapters and several sections of the book include the basic science as well as the contemporary engineering and technological applications of multiphase flow in a comprehensive way that is easy to follow and be understood. The editors created a common set of nomenclature that is used throughout the book, allowing readers to easily compare fundamental theory with currently developing concepts and applications. With contributed chapters from sixty-two leading experts around the world, the Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is an essential reference for all researchers, academics and engineers working with complex thermal and fluid systems.
Download or read book An Introduction to Econometric Theory written by A. Ronald Gallant and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended primarily to prepare first-year graduate students for their ongoing work in econometrics, economic theory, and finance, this innovative book presents the fundamental concepts of theoretical econometrics, from measure-theoretic probability to statistics. A. Ronald Gallant covers these topics at an introductory level and develops the ideas to the point where they can be applied. He thereby provides the reader not only with a basic grasp of the key empirical tools but with sound intuition as well. In addition to covering the basic tools of empirical work in economics and finance, Gallant devotes particular attention to motivating ideas and presenting them as the solution to practical problems. For example, he presents correlation, regression, and conditional expectation as a means of obtaining the best approximation of one random variable by some function of another. He considers linear, polynomial, and unrestricted functions, and leads the reader to the notion of conditioning on a sigma-algebra as a means for finding the unrestricted solution. The reader thus gains an understanding of the relationships among linear, polynomial, and unrestricted solutions. Proofs of results are presented when the proof itself aids understanding or when the proof technique has practical value. A major text-treatise by one of the leading scholars in this field, An Introduction to Econometric Theory will prove valuable not only to graduate students but also to all economists, statisticians, and finance professionals interested in the ideas and implications of theoretical econometrics.
Download or read book Nonlinear Hyperbolic Problems written by Claude Carasso and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-11-14 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers included in this proceedings volume are mostly original research papers, dealing with life-span of waves, nonlinear interaction of waves, and various applications to fluid mechanics.
Download or read book The Spatial Foundations of Cognition and Language written by Kelly S. Mix and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent research on the role of space as a mechanism in language use and learning. Experimental psychologists, computer scientists, robotocists, linguists, and researchers in child language consider the nature and applications of this research and its implications for understanding the processes involved in language acquisition.
Download or read book Introduction to General Organic and Biochemistry written by Morris Hein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive book available on the subject, Introduction to General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 11th Edition continues its tradition of fostering the development of problem-solving skills, featuring numerous examples and coverage of current applications. Skillfully anticipating areas of difficulty and pacing the material accordingly, this readable work provides clear and logical explanations of chemical concepts as well as the right mix of general chemistry, organic chemistry, and biochemistry. An emphasis on real-world topics lets readers clearly see how the chemistry will apply to their career.
Download or read book Nature written by Sir Norman Lockyer and published by . This book was released on 1878 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
