Download or read book Minimalist Strategies for Structural DNA Nanotechnology written by Kai Lin Lau and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With remarkable molecular recognition properties, DNA is an excellent material for bottom-up self-assembly in nanotechnology. A prominent example is the remarkable control and complexity provided by DNA origami. However, this complexity requires large sequence space in design. This translates to high cost of starting materials and error-prone assembly; hundreds of oligonucleotides are necessary, with reduced sequence uniqueness within oligonucleotides. The focus of this thesis - developing minimalist approaches to structural DNA nanotechnology - therefore seeks to address these issues by creating structures of functional simplicity. Structural complexity and uniqueness would be designed only where necessary, as dictated by function or application. Another correlated aim is additional reduction of complexity in assembly processes. This forms the conceptual framework for research presented herein.Chapter 2 demonstrates utility of a long templating strand in assembling DNA nanotubes with minimalist 3D triangular rungs. The strand is prepared though enzymatic means, and allows periodic rung assembly with good size-control. These structures can organize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), with potential application in nanophotonics and nanoelectronics. Furthermore, direct conjugation of AuNPs to prefabricated 3D rungs is shown to greatly streamline the assembly process. In Chapter 3, molecular biology tools enable sequential growth preparation of extended templating strands featuring exact sequence and size-control. Through these, well-defined arrays of double-crossover (DX) and triple-crossover (TX) tiles are assembled, featuring periodic patterning, or specifically designed aperiodicity. These 1D structures truly rival the functionality of DNA origami, whilst using significantly less sequence space. Subsequently, strategies in creating more complex 2D assemblies with sequentially grown templating strands are explored in Chapter 4. Lateral width is engineered into minimalist tiles; 1D DX tile structures are hierarchically assembled into higher-order arrays; and tile nanorings are formed from circular ligation of template strands. Chapter 5 then describes investigation of minimal approaches in the DNA-directed organization of AuNPs. Encapsulation of AuNPs into a minimal wireframe cube is attempted, and AuNP dimerization is shown through an extremely simplified pre-fabricated double-stranded DNA template, as well as through simple controlled poly-functionalization of larger AuNPs. These minimal assemblies and their preparation are expected to have numerous potential application given the multitude of interesting properties and applications relevant to AuNPs.Throughout this work, key concepts can be discerned - templation, prefabrication, multi-purpose components, and molecular biology tools. Though these concepts are by no means requirements for minimalism, we believe their application can help guide future development of minimalist strategies for structural DNA nanotechnology." --

Download or read book Minimalist Strategies for Large DNA Nanostructures written by Daniel Saliba and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Self-assembled nanostructures offer an intriguing opportunity to develop novel materials with unprecedented molecular resolution and characteristics compared to their bulk counterparts. Apart from its significance in genetics, DNA is an outstanding material for the bottom-up production of complex nanostructures with arbitrary shapes. Watson-Crick base pairing enables the construction of a wide variety of well-defined DNA nanostructures ranging in size from a few nanometers to several microns with remarkable accuracy and control. A notable example is the extraordinary control and complexity that DNA origami enables. However, one of the most significant challenges confronting DNA nanotechnology is establishing a practical balance between the structural complexity of higher-ordered structures and their simplicity of production. The purpose of this thesis is to propose simplified ways of constructing and controlling large DNA nanostructures, thereby making them more practical for future uses. This thesis is broken into three major sections.First, we developed a method to build an extended-tripodal DNA nanotweezer with potential applications as nucleic acid and protein sensors and dynamic, stimuli-responsive materials. This was achieved by extending the arms of a branched DNA-small molecule by means of polymerase chain reaction and using custom-made monodisperse DNA strands with user-defined patterns of sequence domains as templates. Our nanotweezer can be site-specifically functionalized with multiple streptavidin-binding ligands on each of its rigidified arms, allowing them to wrap around multiple streptavidin units simultaneously, yielding a 3D protein-DNA hybrid nanotube. Second, DNA nanotubes are produced using a custom-made, long, and size-defined template strand and a simplified set of component strands. By combining experimental and computational designs, we demonstrate that the stiffness of these wireframed nanotubes is directly related to the structure of the rung building blocks, allowing us to fine-tune the nanotube's overall flexibility by tweaking a few component sequences. These nanotubes are dynamic and capable of reversibly switching between extended and collapsed morphologies by strand displacement and subsequent rehybridization of the displaced species. Lastly, we employed the design parameters explored in chapter 3 to produce a novel DX-tile based nanotube minimalistic design with enhanced structural rigidity and robustness. Four DNA strands are required for this design, which results in micrometer-long DNA nanotubes with variable cross-sectional geometries, chirality, and polydispersity. These minimal nanotube designs are expected to have a wide range of applications, including the use of their continuous nanoscale cavities as bioreactors, transmembrane channels, and drug delivery vehicles, as well as the use of their external scaffold as a template to guide the precise assembly of nanoparticles, fluorescent dyes, proteins, and targeting ligands.Together, the approaches established in this thesis can be applied to the practical fabrication of functional DNA nanostructures, with an emphasis on minimizing synthetic effort while maintaining structural complexity"--

Download or read book Practical Designs for DNA Nanostructures written by Graham Hamblin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Self-assembled nanostructures provide an exciting opportunity to generate new materials with molecular resolution, and in a massively parallel fashion. Nanomaterials often display unique properties relative to their bulk analogues, giving them attractive potential in fields like electronics, photonics, structural biology, and therapeutics. DNA, beyond its role in genetics, is also one of the best self-assembling molecules known. It uses specific base-pairing interactions to come together into a well-defined, rigid double helix. We can therefore predict exactly how two different strands of DNA will interact in solution with impressive accuracy. DNA nanotechnology applies this ability to the generation of complex nanostructures using DNA as a building material. One of the key challenges facing DNA nanotechnology is to find a practical balance between structural complexity and ease of synthesis. This thesis develops simplified methods to build and control DNA nanostructures, in an effort to make them more practical and viable for future applications. Conceptually, this research can be divided into three main parts. First, a method to build discrete 3D prisms from a minimal number of components is developed. These structures incorporate new strand connectivity and a balance of symmetric and unique sequence to generate a library of well-defined geometries from a minimal amount of DNA. Second, DNA nanotubes are generated using a long, continuous, enzymatically produced backbone strand, and from a simplified set of component strands. Together, these methods provide templated length, enhanced stability in biological settings, efficient cellular penetration, and the ability to generate long linear patterns of various cargo molecules using a DNA-minimal approach. Third, a method to produce monodisperse DNA strands with user-defined patterns of sequence domains is developed. Using temporal control and in situ ligation, complex patterns can be generated and amplified from a small number of building blocks, and used as template strands in the construction of DNA nanostructures. Together, the concepts developed in this work can be used to make functional DNA nanostructures in a practical manner, with an emphasis on reducing synthetic effort while retaining structural complexity." --

Download or read book Structural DNA Nanotechnology written by Nadrian C. Seeman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the founder of the field, this is the first text of its kind, providing a definitive introduction to structural DNA nanotechnology. Readers will learn everything there is to know about the subject from the unique perspective of the leading expert in the field. Topics covered range from origins and history, to design, experimental techniques, DNA nanomechanics devices, computing, and the uses of DNA nanotechnology in organising other materials. Clearly written, and benefiting from over 200 full colour illustrations, readers will find this an accessible and easy to follow text that is essential reading for anyone who wants to enter this rapidly growing field. Ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, as well as researchers in a range of disciplines including nanotechnology, materials science, physics, biology, chemistry, computational science and engineering.

Download or read book DNA Nanotechnology written by Chunhai Fan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. The chapter "DNA-Programmed Chemical Synthesis of Polymers and Inorganic Nanomaterials" is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book DNA Nanotechnology written by Giampaolo Zuccheri and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, nanotechnology is exposing the properties of DNA in unprecedented detail leading to new insights on the biological behavior and function of DNA. With the structural perfection of a self-assembling DNA nano-object, such as a DNA origami, it is clear how complex DNA is as a molecule, leading researchers to wonder how many different constructs could be designed and realized. DNA Nanotechnology: Methods and Protocols shows the procedures to follow in order to repeat methods that lead to such constructs or to the mastering of the characterization techniques used to study them. The chapters of this book are roughly divided into two parts: some cover the methods for preparing the nanostructures, from the rationale of the operations to the techniques for their handling, while other chapters deal more directly with advanced instrumental techniques that can manipulate and characterize molecules and nanostructures. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, DNA Nanotechnology: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide to scientists of all backgrounds and aims to ignite interest and spur activity in this young and rapidly growing research field. Includes cutting-edge methods and protocols Provides step-by-step detail essential for reproducible results Contains key notes and implementation advice from the experts

Download or read book Bottom up Construction of Complex Metal Nanoparticle Structures with DNA as a Chaperone written by Xin Luo and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nanoscale metal structures has been an essential topic in modern nanotechnology due to their wide range of applications in catalysis, sensing, diagnosis, medicine and optics. Plasmonic metal nanostructures have attracted particular attention, as their light-focusing property can be efficiently tuned by changing their spatial structure. Traditionally, top-down lithography approaches have been the main tool to implement precise metal nanostructure designs, which, however, has shown drawbacks such as low throughput, high cost and low resolution when reaching the sub-5 nm scale. Over the past two decades, the field of DNA nanotechnology has enabled the fabrication of increasingly complex one-, two- and three-dimensional nanostructures with unprecedented specificity, programmability, and sub-nanometer precision. These DNA structures have been demonstrated to be an ideal chaperone for the bottom-up self-assembly of metal nanostructures, pushing the boundaries of plasmonic nanophotonics design and fabrication. This thesis targets a few challenges in constructing complex metal nanostructures with DNA as a template. First, to access hierarchical assembly in 3D, nanoparticles must be functionalized with anisotropic valency-controlled DNA strands. We developed a simple one-step method to encode 3D DNA strand patterns to gold nanoparticles with a controlled number of unique DNA strands in a predesigned spatial arrangement, through encapsulating the gold nanoparticle into a predesigned DNA minimal nanocage. The encapsulated gold nanoparticle, as a building block, inherits the 3D anisotropic molecular information from the DNA nanocage with enhanced structural stability, which allows its hierarchical self-assembly into complex metal architectures. Second, we developed an Assemble, Grow and Lift-Off (AGLO) strategy to construct robust standalone gold nanostructures with pre-designed customizable shapes in solution, using only a simple 2D DNA origami sheet as a transient template. AuNP seeds were assembled on DNA origami template in a predesigned shape, grown to merge into robust gold structures, and lifted-off to regenerate and recycle the DNA origami template. Finally, we discovered a Contact-dependent Localized Electrochemical Ripening (CLER) mechanism with DNA-templated metal growth, which, for the first time, systematically explains the heterogenous silver deposition phenomenon. The mechanism can be manipulated to synthesize deterministic asymmetric metal structures with core-shell NPs of pre-designed arrangements in a one-pot system, which demonstrates promising applications in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Overall, the work presented in this thesis not only pushes DNA-templated metal structures forward by demonstrating practical strategies to increase the 3D metal structure complexity and robustness, but also offers valuable fundamental insights in metal growth mechanisms. This knowledge provides guidelines for the future design and construction of DNA-templated metal structures. More importantly, the new mechanisms discovered contribute to the fundamental understanding of the metal nanoparticle synthesis process"--

Download or read book Campanian Foraminifera from the Stanford University Campus California written by Joseph John Graham and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanoscale Assembly written by Wilhelm T.S. Huck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-11 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology has received tremendous interest over the last decade, not only from the scientific community but also from a business perspective and from the general public. Although nanotechnology is still at the largely unexplored frontier of science, it has the potential for extremely exciting technological innovations that will have an enormous impact on areas as diverse as information technology, medicine, energy supply and probably many others. The miniturization of devices and structures will impact the speed of devices and information storage capacity. More importantly, though, nanotechnology should lead to completely new functional devices as nanostructures have fundamentally different physical properties that are governed by quantum effects. When nanometer sized features are fabricated in materials that are currently used in electronic, magnetic, and optical applications, quantum behavior will lead to a set of unprecedented properties. The interactions of nanostructures with biological materials are largely unexplored. Future work in this direction should yield enabling technologies that allows the study and direct manipulation of biological processes at the (sub) cellular level.

Download or read book Out Of Control written by Kevin Kelly and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2009-04-30 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Out of Control chronicles the dawn of a new era in which the machines and systems that drive our economy are so complex and autonomous as to be indistinguishable from living things.

Download or read book Biomolecular Engineering Solutions for Renewable Specialty Chemicals written by R. Navanietha Krishnaraj and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover biomolecular engineering technologies for the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, organic and amino acids, vitamins, biopolymers, surfactants, detergents, and enzymes In Biomolecular Engineering Solutions for Renewable Specialty Chemicals, distinguished researchers and editors Drs. R. Navanietha Krishnaraj and Rajesh K. Sani deliver a collection of insightful resources on advanced technologies in the synthesis and purification of value-added compounds. Readers will discover new technologies that assist in the commercialization of the production of value-added products. The editors also include resources that offer strategies for overcoming current limitations in biochemical synthesis, including purification. The articles within cover topics like the rewiring of anaerobic microbial processes for methane and hythane production, the extremophilic bioprocessing of wastes to biofuels, reverse methanogenesis of methane to biopolymers and value-added products, and more. The book presents advanced concepts and biomolecular engineering technologies for the production of high-value, low-volume products, like therapeutic molecules, and describes methods for improving microbes and enzymes using protein engineering, metabolic engineering, and systems biology approaches for converting wastes. Readers will also discover: A thorough introduction to engineered microorganisms for the production of biocommodities and microbial production of vanillin from ferulic acid Explorations of antibiotic trends in microbial therapy, including current approaches and future prospects, as well as fermentation strategies in the food and beverage industry Practical discussions of bioactive oligosaccharides, including their production, characterization, and applications In-depth treatments of biopolymers, including a retrospective analysis in the facets of biomedical engineering Perfect for researchers and practicing professionals in the areas of environmental and industrial biotechnology, biomedicine, and the biological sciences, Biomolecular Engineering Solutions for Renewable Specialty Chemicals is also an invaluable resource for students taking courses involving biorefineries, biovalorization, industrial biotechnology, and environmental biotechnology.

Download or read book 3D DNA Nanostructure written by Yonggang Ke and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed volume presents a comprehensive technical overview of DNA nanotechnology with an emphasis on 3D DNA nanostructure design and applications. Coverage spans from basic design principles for DNA and RNA nanostructures to their cutting-edge applications in a variety of fields, with the book divided into basic DNA and RNA nanostructure design strategies as well as applications utilizing DNA nanostructures, including but not limited to nanomedicine, bioimaging, biosensing, nanoplasmonics, nanoelectronics, nanofabrication, crystallography, biophysics, and analytical chemistry. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and authoritative, 3D DNA Nanostructure: Methods and Protocols provides the most up-to-date tutorial style overviews and technical style protocols to benefit researchers in a wide variety of areas.

Download or read book RNA Nanotechnology written by Bin Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past few decades there has been incredible growth in "bionano"-related research, which has been accompanied by numerous publications in this field. Although various compilations address topics related to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein, there are few books that focus on determining the structure of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and using RNA as building blocks to construct nanoarchitectures for biomedical and healthcare applications. RNA Nanotechnology is a comprehensive volume that details both the traditional approaches and the latest developments in the field of RNA-related technology. This book targets a wide audience: a broad introduction provides a solid academic background for students, researchers, and scientists who are unfamiliar with the subject, while the in-depth descriptions and discussions are useful for advanced professionals. The book opens with reviews on the basic aspects of RNA biology, computational approaches for predicting RNA structures, and traditional and emerging experimental approaches for probing RNA structures. This section is followed by explorations of the latest research and discoveries in RNA nanotechnology, including the design and construction of RNA-based nanostructures. The final segment of the book includes descriptions and discussions of the potential biological and therapeutic applications of small RNA molecules, such as small/short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA aptamers, and ribozymes.

Download or read book Advanced Healthcare Materials written by Ashutosh Tiwari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a comprehensive and interdisciplinary view of cutting-edge research on advanced materials for healthcare technology and applications Advanced healthcare materials are attracting strong interest in fundamental as well as applied medical science and technology. This book summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field of advanced materials for functional therapeutics, point-of-care diagnostics, translational materials, and up-and-coming bioengineering devices. Advanced Healthcare Materials highlights the key features that enable the design of stimuli-responsive smart nanoparticles, novel biomaterials, and nano/micro devices for either diagnosis or therapy, or both, called theranostics. It also presents the latest advancements in healthcare materials and medical technology. The senior researchers from global knowledge centers have written topics including: State-of-the-art of biomaterials for human health Micro- and nanoparticles and their application in biosensors The role of immunoassays Stimuli-responsive smart nanoparticles Diagnosis and treatment of cancer Advanced materials for biomedical application and drug delivery Nanoparticles for diagnosis and/or treatment of Alzheimers disease Hierarchical modelling of elastic behavior of human dental tissue Biodegradable porous hydrogels Hydrogels in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wound care Modified natural zeolites Supramolecular hydrogels based on cyclodextrin poly(pseudo)rotaxane Polyhydroxyalkanoate-based biomaterials Biomimetic molecularly imprinted polymers

Download or read book The Triple Helix written by Henry Etzkowitz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Triple Helix of university-industry-government interactions is the key to innovation in increasingly knowledge-based societies. As the creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge moves from the periphery to the center of industrial production and governance, the concept of innovation, in product and process, is itself being transformed. In its place is a new sense of 'innovation in innovation' - the restructuring and enhancement of the organizational arrangements and incentives that foster innovation. This triple helix intersection of relatively independent institutional spheres generates hybrid organizations such as technology transfer offices in universities, firms, and government research labs and business and financial support institutions such as angel networks and venture capital for new technology-based firms that are increasingly developing around the world. The Triple Helix describes this new innovation model and assists students, researchers, and policymakers in addressing such questions as: How do we enhance the role of universities in regional economic and social development? How can governments, at all levels, encourage citizens to take an active role in promoting innovation in innovation and, conversely, how can citizens so encourage their governments? How can firms collaborate with each other and with universities and government to become more innovative? What are the key elements and challenges to reaching these goals?

Download or read book Biological Macromolecules written by Amit Kumar Nayak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Macromolecules: Bioactivity and Biomedical Applications presents a comprehensive study of biomacromolecules and their potential use in various biomedical applications. Consisting of four sections, the book begins with an overview of the key sources, properties and functions of biomacromolecules, covering the foundational knowledge required for study on the topic. It then progresses to a discussion of the various bioactive components of biomacromolecules. Individual chapters explore a range of potential bioactivities, considering the use of biomacromolecules as nutraceuticals, antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer agents, and antidiabetics, among others. The third section of the book focuses on specific applications of biomacromolecules, ranging from drug delivery and wound management to tissue engineering and enzyme immobilization. This focus on the various practical uses of biological macromolecules provide an interdisciplinary assessment of their function in practice. The final section explores the key challenges and future perspectives on biological macromolecules in biomedicine. Covers a variety of different biomacromolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in plants, fungi, animals, and microbiological resources Discusses a range of applicable areas where biomacromolecules play a significant role, such as drug delivery, wound management, and regenerative medicine Includes a detailed overview of biomacromolecule bioactivity and properties Features chapters on research challenges, evolving applications, and future perspectives

Download or read book Nanovaccinology written by Kaushik Pal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-23 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the cumulative work on a driving force for innovation in medicine and modern healthcare, boosting advances in therapeutics, biosensors, vaccines, and clinical systems. The work presented shows how nanoparticles have been investigated as vaccine adjuvants because they possess chemical and structural properties that improve immunogenicity as well as the use of nanotechnology in the construction of immunization systems that has developed into the field of viral nanovaccinology. The volume highlights potential areas of research, innovation, and development of finished products for future commercialization and significant research exploration through nanoparticles that prove capable of surmounting most of the barriers like toxicity issues, clearance from biological system, DNA instability, and differences in expression systems. The contributing authors review the primary literature on principles, limitations, and recent breakthroughs in nanoparticle-based antigen delivery vehicles, their use in different diseases, the major bottlenecks, and related issues. Highlighting advances in nanoparticle engineering and the understanding of nanoparticle characteristics as well as critical legacy work dome in the field of nanobiotechnology, the book is ideal for a range of researchers and students in the pure and applied sciences devoted to nanomaterials, vaccinology, and translational medicine.