Download or read book Mini Pier Testing To Estimate Performance of Full Scale Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Bridge Abutments written by Michael T. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) performance test (PT), also called a mini-pier experiment, was developed by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to evaluate the material strength properties of GRS composites built with a unique combination of reinforcement, compacted fill, and facing elements. The PT consists of constructing a 1.4-m square column of alternating layers of compacted granular fill and geosynthetic reinforcement with a facing element that is frictionally connected up to a height of 2 m, then axially loading the GRS mass while measuring deformation to monitor performance. The results can be directly used in the design of GRS abutments and integrated bridge systems. Considering that the geometry of the PT is square in plan, the equivalency of the results to a bridge application, which more resembles a plane strain condition, is evaluated and presented in this paper. The analysis indicates that the PT closely approximates the bearing resistance, or capacity, of a typical GRS abutment, and is a conservative estimate when predicting stiffness. These results indicate that the PT can be used as a design tool for GRS abutments at both the strength and service limit states.
Download or read book GRS Bridge Piers and Abutments written by Jonathan T. H. Wu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report presents the following three recent projects on load testing of geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) bridge abutments and piers: a full-scale bridge pier load test conducted by the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, Federal Highway Administration, in 1996 (referred to as the Turner-Fairbank pier), a full-scale, long-term load test of a bridge abutment and a bridge pier conducted by the Colorado Department of Transportation and the University of Colorado at Denver in 1996-I 997 (referred to as the Havana Yard piers and abutment); and a production bridge abutment load test conducted by Yenter Companies in Black Hawk, Colorado, in 1997 (referred to as the Black Hawk Abutment). All the bridge supporting structures were instrumented to measure their performance during the load test. The effect of pre-loading. was also investigated in the Turner-Fairbank pier and the Black Hawk abutment. The report describes each of the projects in detail, presents the measured test results and discussion of the results, and offers recommendations on the applications of the GRS bridge abutments and piers"--Tech. report doc. page.
Download or read book Design and Construction Guidelines for Geosynthetic reinforced Soil Bridge Abutments with a Flexible Facing written by Jonathan T. H. Wu and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction and research approach -- Findings -- Interpretation, appraisal, and applications -- Conclusions and suggested research -- Appendixes.
Download or read book Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil GRS Walls written by Jonathan T. H. Wu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to provide a detailed overview of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls deploy horizontal layers of closely spaced tensile inclusion in the fill material to achieve stability of a soil mass. GRS walls are more adaptable to different environmental conditions, more economical, and offer high performance in a wide range of transportation infrastructure applications. This book addresses both GRS and GMSE, with a much stronger emphasis on the former. For completeness, it begins with a review of shear strength of soils and classical earth pressure theories. It then goes on to examine the use of geosynthetics as reinforcement, and followed by the load-deformation behavior of GRS mass as a soil-geosynthetic composite, reinforcing mechanisms of GRS, and GRS walls with different types of facing. Finally, the book finishes by covering design concepts with design examples for different loading and geometric conditions, and the construction of GRS walls, including typical construction procedures and general construction guidelines. The number of GRS walls and abutments built to date is relatively low due to lack of understanding of GRS. While failure rate of GMSE has been estimated to be around 5%, failure of GRS has been found to be practically nil, with studies suggesting many advantages, including a smaller susceptibility to long-term creep and stronger resistance to seismic loads when well-compacted granular fill is employed. Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls will serve as an excellent guide or reference for wall projects such as transportation infrastructure—including roadways, bridges, retaining walls, and earth slopes—that are in dire need of repair and replacement in the U.S. and abroad. Covers both GRS and GMSE (MSE with geosynthetics as reinforcement); with much greater emphasis on GRS walls Showcases reinforcing mechanisms, engineering behavior, and design concepts of GRS and includes many step-by-step design examples Features information on typical construction procedures and general construction guidelines Includes hundreds of line drawings and photos Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls is an important book for practicing geotechnical engineers and structural engineers, as well as for advanced students of civil, structural, and geotechnical engineering.
Download or read book Evaluation of Soil reinforcement Composite Interaction in Geosynthetic reinforced Soil Structures written by Amr Mohamed Morsy Mohamed and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 1158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil reinforcement has become a well-established technology, providing alternatives to an increasingly large number of critical geotechnical structures. While significant advances have been made to characterize the soil-reinforcement interaction of individual reinforcement layers, field evidence has been collected that suggests unaccounted benefits in structures where the vertical spacing between reinforcements is comparatively small. The nature of the complex interactions that may develop between contiguous reinforcement layers, possibly leading to a “composite” behavior of the reinforced soil mass, requires full characterization. The degree of interaction between adjacent reinforcement layers is expected to impact, perhaps significantly, the mechanical response of the reinforced soil mass. The added benefits from interaction among reinforcement layers would be particularly relevant for critical structures, such as reinforced soil bridge abutments and piers, reinforced soil pile platforms, and reinforced soil foundations. Accordingly, this study aims at assessing the effect of geosynthetic reinforcements on the behavior of the surrounding soil, contiguous reinforcements, and the geosynthetic-reinforced soil mass at large. The findings of this study on the behavior of soil-reinforcement interaction is expected to lead to practical implications such as the selection of the reinforcement vertical spacing in geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) structures. The specific objectives of this research are to (1) evaluate mechanisms involved in soil-reinforcement interaction, (2) identify and characterize the shear zone of influence surrounding a reinforcement layer under tension, (3) evaluate the interaction that develops between a reinforcement and its neighboring reinforcement layers, and (4) understand and quantify the potential benefits of closely-spaced reinforcements in GRS structures. Significant information was initially gained by reevaluating data collected from other research studies in order to assess soil-reinforcement interaction with focus on the impact of reinforcement vertical spacing on GRS structures. Specifically, a detailed evaluation of data sources was conducted, including actual experimental and field monitoring data. The data sources reevaluated in this dissertation include (1) evaluation of the performance of large-scale experimental GRS structures, (2) analysis of soil arching in GRS structures, (3) evaluation of the performance of GRS structures using geotechnical centrifuge, and (4) assessment of the performance of the Founders/Meadows GRS bridge abutments. A state-of-the-art device was developed as part of this research to comprehensively assess the soil-reinforcement composite interaction under both working stress and failure conditions. The new equipment was able to assess the mechanical behavior of a geosynthetic-reinforced soil mass considering varying reinforcement vertical spacings. In addition, it allowed investigating the interface shear stress transfer mechanisms. The device provided suitable measurements of the strains developed in both actively tensioned and the adjacent reinforcement layers. It allowed direct visualization of the kinematic response of soil particles adjacent to the geosynthetic reinforcement layers, which facilitated evaluation of the soil displacement field via digital image analysis. Evaluation of the soil displacement field allowed quantification of the extent of the zone of shear influence around a tensioned reinforcement layer. Finally, the device allowed monitoring of dilatancy within the reinforced soil mass, providing additional insight into the effect of reinforcement vertical spacing on the reinforced soil mass. A comprehensive testing program was conducted using the newly developed experimental device. The testing program was tailored to evaluate the following aspects: (1) test repeatability; (2) effect of reinforced soil confinement on the soil-reinforcement composite interaction behavior; (3) effect of reinforcement vertical spacing on the soil-reinforcement composite interaction behavior; (4) effect of reinforcement properties on the soil-reinforcement composite interaction behavior; (5) effect of boundary type on the soil-reinforcement composite interaction behavior; and (6) effect of backfill properties on the soil-reinforcement composite interaction behavior. Analysis of the experimental results revealed that the existence of the zone of shear influence and its extent can be directly related to the interaction between contiguous reinforcement layers. In particular, for the uniform gravel evaluated in this study, the zone of shear measured from the soil-reinforcement interface ranged from 0.10 to 0.30 m for the normal stress range involved in this study. It was concluded that reducing the vertical spacing between reinforcement layers in a GRS mass increases the strain compatibility between the reinforcement layers and the soil mass in between.
Download or read book Public Roads written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large scale Testing of Passive Force Behavior for Skewed Bridge Abutments with Gravel and Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil GRS Backfills written by Amy Fredrickson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test results in both sets of backfills confirmed previous findings that there is significant reduction in passive force with skewed abutment configurations. The reduction factor was 0.58 for the gravel backfill and 0.63 for the GRS backfill, compared to the predicted reduction factor of 0.53 for a 30° skew. These results are within the scatter of previous skewed testing, but could indicate that slightly higher reduction factors may be applicable for gravel backfills.
Download or read book Geosynthetic Soil Reinforcement Testing Procedures written by Shi-Chieh Jonathan Cheng and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Quarter Century of Geotechnical Research written by Albert F. DiMillio and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report gives an overview and summarizes the results of the research conducted under the four geotechnical projects established during the 1970's. It describes the efforts and results of 25 years of research spanning three decades from 1973-1998. The main purpose of the report is to provide a summary of the FHWA geotechnical research activities over the last quarter of the 20th century. It is intended for the general engineers and administrative managers of FHWA and the SHA's. Also presented are descriptions of the various problems that were addressed; and the report discusses the objectives and scope of each project in detail, except for the Tunneling Project, which is reported elsewhere (see appendix B). A review of each project's organization and approach is presented before the results are noted and evaluated. Technology transfer and future research needs are also covered separately to highlight the important nature of each topic.
Download or read book Design and Construction of Bridge Approaches written by Harvey E. Wahls and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1990 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes case histories of the Dumbarton Bridge (San Francisco Bay, Calif.), the Rainier Avenue Embankment (Seattle, Wash.) and the Gallows Road Grade Separation (Fairfax, Va.)
Download or read book The Deep Mixing Method written by Masaki Kitazume and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Deep Mixing Method (DMM), a deep in-situ soil stabilization technique using cement and/or lime as a stabilizing agent, was developed in Japan and in the Nordic countries independently in the 1970s. Numerous research efforts have been made in these areas investigating properties of treated soil, behavior of DMM improved ground under static and d
Download or read book Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions written by Francesco Silvestri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 8083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions contains invited, keynote and theme lectures and regular papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (Rome, Italy, 17-20 June 2019. The contributions deal with recent developments and advancements as well as case histories, field monitoring, experimental characterization, physical and analytical modelling, and applications related to the variety of environmental phenomena induced by earthquakes in soils and their effects on engineered systems interacting with them. The book is divided in the sections below: Invited papers Keynote papers Theme lectures Special Session on Large Scale Testing Special Session on Liquefact Projects Special Session on Lessons learned from recent earthquakes Special Session on the Central Italy earthquake Regular papers Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering for Protection and Development of Environment and Constructions provides a significant up-to-date collection of recent experiences and developments, and aims at engineers, geologists and seismologists, consultants, public and private contractors, local national and international authorities, and to all those involved in research and practice related to Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering.
Download or read book Ground Improvement written by Professor Jian Chu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-07 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - The first book of its kind, providing over thirty real-life case studies of ground improvement projects selected by the worlds top experts in ground improvement from around the globe. - Volume 3 of the highly regarded Elsevier Geo-engineering book series coordinated by the Series Editor: Professor John A Hudson FREng. - An extremely reader friendly chapter format. - Discusses wider economical and environmental issues facing scientists in the ground improvement.Ground improvement has been both a science and art, with significant developments observed through ancient history. From the use of straw as blended infill with soils for additional strength during the ancient Roman civilizations, and the use of elephants for compaction of earth dams during the early Asian civilizations, the concepts of reinforced earth with geosynthetics, use of electrokinetics and thermal modifications of soils have come a long way. The use of large and stiff stone columns and subsequent sand drains in the past has now been replaced by quicker to install and more effective prefabricated vertical drains, which have also eliminated the need for more expensive soil improvement methods.The early selection and application of the most appropriate ground improvement techniques can improve considerably not only the design and performance of foundations and earth structures, including embankments, cut slopes, roads, railways and tailings dams, but also result in their cost-effectiveness. Ground improvement works have become increasingly challenging when more and more problematic soils and marginal land have to be utilized for infrastructure development.This edited compilation contains a collection of Chapters from invited experts in various areas of ground improvement, who have illustrated the basic concepts and the applications of different ground improvement techniques using real projects that they have been involved in. The case histories from many countries ranging from Asia, America, Australia and Europe are addressed.
Download or read book Textile Technology Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geotechnical Engineering for Transportation Projects written by American Society of Civil Engineers. Geo-Institute and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GSP 126 contains 223 papers presented at Geo-Trans 2004, held in Los Angeles, California, July 27-31, 2004.
Download or read book Scour and Erosion written by Susan Burns and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
