Download or read book Mineral water Interfacial Reactions written by Donald L. Sparks and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clearly explains how to more effectively decipher and predict contaminant fate in the environment by combining kinetic methods and molecular-scale spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to analyze mineral/water interfacial reactions in situ. The book begins with a broad overview, then continues with three sections written by internationally known expert. The first deals specifically with spectroscopic/microscopic techniques that can be used in combination with macroscopic approaches to glean mechanistic information on mineral/water reactions and processes. The second section emphasizes computer models that are used to elucidate surface mediated reaction mechanisms. The remainder of the volume is organized around reaction type, including sorption/desorption of inorganic species, sorption/desorption of organic species, precipitation/dissolution processes, heterogeneous electron transfer reactions, photochemically driven reactions, and microbially mediated reactions. Mineral-Water Interfacial Reactions will be a valuable resource for environmental scientists, geochemists, soil chemists, microbiologists, and marine engineers who need to be familiar with the most current and effective methods for testing and controlling the mobility, speciation, and bioavailability of contaminants in the environment.
Download or read book Mineral Water Interface Geochemistry written by Michael F. Hochella and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 23 of Reviews in Mineralogy and accompanying MSA short course covers chemical reactions that take place at mineral-water interfaces. We believe that this book describes most of the important concepts and contributions that have driven mineral-water interface geochemistry to its present state. We begin in Chapter 1 with examples of the global importance of mineral-water interface reactions and a brief review of the contents of the entire book. Thereafter, we have divided the book into four sections, including atomistic approaches (Chapters 2- 3), adsorption (Chapters 4-8), precipitation and dissolution (Chapters 9-11), and oxidation-reduction reactions (Chapters 11-14).
Download or read book Reactions at the Mineral water Interface Affecting Lead Mobility in Soil and Sediments written by Liyun Xie and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphate addition to lead contaminated soil can be a cost-effective method for in situ remediation. This project focused on the effects of phosphate on lead reactions at the mineral-water interface. First, the pH dependence of the equilibrium solubility and dissolution rates of chloropyromorphite (CPY, Pb5(PO4)3Cl) were determined. Synthetic CPY was more soluble than predicted for pure CPY, which may be due to the low crystallinity of the synthetic material and the presence of a trace amount of lead hydroxide. A general rate law was developed that can predict the CPY dissolution rate as a function of pH and solution saturation. Second, lead and phosphate co-sorption on goethite-coated and uncoated quartz sand was investigated and interpreted with a surface complexation model. Lead immobilization on goethite-coated sand was enhanced by phosphate, and the enhancement was predicted by the combination of single sorbate surface complexation models. Although the model predicted that adsorption was the dominant uptake mechanism, uptake may be controlled by the relative rates of precipitation and adsorption reactions. Slow sorption was observed during co-sorption of lead and phosphate on goethite-coated sand from 1 day to 1 month; slow sorption indicates slow chemical reactions, including ternary surface complexation or surface precipitation. Finally, phosphate-induced lead immobilization was evaluated using the biogenic nanocrystalline apatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH (s)) in fish bone. Dissolved lead concentrations dropped significantly upon reaction with fish bones. The mechanism of lead immobilization (precipitation vs. adsorption) was affected by the ratio of the total lead concentration to the surface area of the solid phosphate phase.
Download or read book Iron Oxide Mineral water Interface Reactions Studied by AFM written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics of Water Rock Interaction written by Susan Brantley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-29 with total page 843 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical kinetics as a topic is now of importance to a wide range of geochemists in academia, industry, and government, and all geochemists need a rudimentary knowledge of the field. This book summarizes the fundamentals of geochemical kinetics with examples drawn especially from mineral dissolution and precipitation. It also encompasses discussion of high temperature processes and global geochemical cycle modeling. Analysis of textures of rocks, sediments, and mineral surfaces are incorporated throughout and provide a sub-theme of the book.
Download or read book Exploring Reactivity in Aqueous Solutions and at Mineral Water Interfaces Through the Lens of Rare Event Theory Atomic Scale Simulations written by Nikhil Rampal and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results show increasing barriers at higher concentrations, indicating hindered reaction dynamics with ions assuming locally favored molecular entities with no evidence of extended networks of ions (or DOLLOPs: Dynamically ordered liquid-like oxyanion polymers). This, in turn, controls the solution structure and alters the reaction kinetics in highly concentrated solutions, thereby frustrating nucleation. To explore the formation of these precursors in low-solubility minerals, this approach is expanded from a fundamental model of solution-phase precursor formation to the nucleation and formation of solid-phases using constant chemical potential MD simulations along with well-tempered metadynamics. Transitioning to heterogeneous nucleation, it becomes imperative to decipher the interfacial structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of impurity incorporation on mineral-water surfaces to understand the underlying chemical reactions responsible for ion exchange, mechanism of adsorption, and mineral dissolution and growth.
Download or read book Geochemical Rate Processes at Mineral water Interfaces written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project emphasis at WSU is on the understanding of the principal influences on surface chemistry, morphology, and kinetics of reactions of minerals in aqueous solutions. This emphasis, in the last project period has guided our efforts to the study of morphological relaxation in response to solution perturbations as well as to develop a methodology for creating on-demand etch pits for the purposes of generating specific step orientations on calcite surfaces. In the response of any mineral-water interface to changes in environmental conditions, dissolution and mineralization rates undergo rapid changes because the reaction rates at step edges are governed directly by these conditions. Our previous investigations of mineral dissolution have revealed that the topographic relaxation time under near equilibrium conditions can be much longer than the characteristic times of experimental investigations. The investigations described below are directed towards evaluating the effects of sample history, miscut and pretreatment on the observed dissolution behavior of our target mineral-water interface systems. In addition, we have developed a simple method for generating on-demand etch pits for the purposes of studying kinetically unstable step orientations.
Download or read book Dissolution Kinetics of Sulfate Minerals written by Sweta Bose and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemistry of the Solid Water Interface written by Werner Stumm and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1992-08-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an introduction to the chemistry of the solid-water interface, progressing from the simple to more complex and applied. Discusses the important interfaces in natural systems, especially geochemistry, in natural waters, soils and sediments. The processes occurring at mineral-water, particle-water and organism-water interfaces play critical roles in regulating the composition and ecology of oceans and fresh waters, the development of soils and plant nutrient's supply, preserving the integrity of water repositories and in such applications as water technology and corrosion science.
Download or read book Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Water Rock Interaction written by Eric H. Oelkers and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 70 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents an extensive review of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction held prior to the 19th annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference in Davos, Switzerland (June 19-21, 2009). Contents: Thermodynamic Databases for Water-Rock Interaction Thermodynamics of Solid Solution-Aqueous Solution Systems Mineral Replacement Reactions Thermodynamic Concepts in Modeling Sorption at the Mineral-Water Interface Surface Complexation Modeling: Mineral Fluid Equilbria at the Molecular Scale The Link Between Mineral Dissolution/Precipitation Kinetics and Solution Chemistry Organics in Water-Rock Interactions Mineral Precipitation Kinetics Towards an Integrated Model of Weathering, Climate, and Biospheric Processes Approaches to Modeling Weathered Regolith Fluid-Rock Interaction: A Reactive Transport Approach Geochemical Modeling of Reaction Paths and Geochemical Reaction Networks
Download or read book Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth s Critical Zone written by Jian-Ming Xu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-28 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth's Critical Zone" presents contributions from the 1st International Symposium of Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth's Critical Zone held in Hangzhou, China. It introduces new ideas, findings, methods, and experience on above new and emerging subject areas. A broad range of topics are covered: the role of mineral colloids in carbon turnover and sequestration and the impact on climate change, biogeochemical interfacial reactions and dynamics of vital and toxic elements, ecotoxicology of anthropogenic organics, environmental nanoparticles and their impacts, and ecosystem health. The book will be a valuable reference for researchers in soil chemistry, environmental chemistry, mineralogy, microbiology, ecology, ecotoxicology, and physics. Jianming Xu is a Professor at the Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, China. Pan Ming Huang is a Professor at the Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
Download or read book Water Rock Interaction Two Volume Set written by Richard B. Wanty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-09-02 with total page 1711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of the lithosphere and hydrosphere sets the boundary conditions for life, as water and the nutrients extracted from rocks are essential to all known life-forms. Water-rock interaction also affects the fate and transport of pollutants, mediates the long-term cycling of fluids and metals in the earth's crust, impacts the migration and
Download or read book Soil Physical Chemistry written by Donald L. Sparks and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Physical Chemistry, Second Edition takes up where the last edition left off. With comprehensive and contemporary discussions on equilibrium and kinetic aspects of major soil chemical process and reactions this excellent text/reference presents new chapters on precipitation/dissolution, modeling of adsorption reactions at the mineral/water interface, and the chemistry of humic substances. An emphasis is placed on understanding soil chemical reactions from a microscopic point of view and rigorous theoretical developments such as the use of modern in situ surface chemical probes such as x-ray adsorption fine structure (XAFS), Fournier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies, and scanning probe microscopies (SPM) are discussed.
Download or read book Molecular Modeling of Geochemical Reactions written by James D. Kubicki and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular processes in nature affect human health, the availability of resources and the Earth’s climate. Molecular modelling is a powerful and versatile toolbox that complements experimental data and provides insights where direct observation is not currently possible. Molecular Modeling of Geochemical Reactions: An Introduction applies computational chemistry to geochemical problems. Chapters focus on geochemical applications in aqueous, petroleum, organic, environmental, bio- and isotope geochemistry, covering the fundamental theory, practical guidance on applying techniques, and extensive literature reviews in numerous geochemical sub-disciplines. Topics covered include: • Theory and Methods of Computational Chemistry • Force Field Application and Development • Computational Spectroscopy • Thermodynamics • Structure Determination • Geochemical Kinetics This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers looking to understand geochemical processes on a molecular level. Novice practitioners of molecular modelling, experienced computational chemists, and experimentalists seeking to understand this field will all find information and knowledge of use in their research.
Download or read book Environmental Soil Chemistry written by Donald L. Sparks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-12-23 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Soil Chemistry, Third Edition provides an up-to-date overview of the interdisciplinary field of environmental soil chemistry. This classic text covers the fundamental principles of soil chemistry, including the inorganic and organic components of soil, soil porewater chemistry, interfacial chemical reactions between solids and dissolved ions/molecules, ion exchange, and the kinetics of the soil chemical process, such as sorption and redox. Soil acidity and salinity are also discussed. This fully updated third edition places particular emphasis on environmental reactions between clay minerals, metal oxides, and soil organic matter with heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial contaminants. This text provides the latest technological advances representing the cutting edge of the science. Completely updated throughout with new content and updated full color figures, the third edition contains expanded information on soil minerals and an increased emphasis on the coupling between chemical and biological reactions, mechanisms, and processes. This third edition provides upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in soil science with sound contemporary training in the basics of soil chemistry and applications to real-world environmental concerns. The book offers a competitive advantage for those students looking to incorporate novel, advanced tools into their research. - Includes problem sets in each chapter for enhanced learning and comprehension - Emphasizes soil organic carbon reactions with clay minerals and metal oxides, including examples from advanced spectromicroscopic techniques - Features revised content highlighting the role of soils in environmental and ecosystem services - Presents new material on advances in surface complexation modeling - Delivers concise summaries of research using state-of-the art techniques - Highlights advances in understanding reactions at mineral-water interfaces, including adsorption, dissolution, and surface precipitation - Offers a new online course supplement for instructors
Download or read book The Iron Oxides written by Rochelle M. Cornell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together in one, compact volume all aspects of the available information about the iron oxides. It presents a coherent, up to date account of the properties, reactions and mechanisms of formation of these compounds. In addition, there are chapters dealing with iron oxides in rocks and soils, as biominerals and as corrosion products together with methods of synthesis and the numerous application of these compounds. Their role in the environment is also discussed. The authors are experts in the field of iron oxides and have worked on all the topics covered. Much recent data from the authors' own laboratories is included and opportunities for further research are indicated. Special features are the electron micrographs and colour plates together with the many different spectra used to illustrate properties and aspects of behaviour. Numerous tables and graphs enable trends and relationships to be seen at a glance. The book concludes with an extensive bibliography. This book should prove invaluable to industry and to all researchers who, whatever their background and level of experience, are interested in this rapidly expanding field. It is an essential volume for any scientific library and is now in its second, completely revised and extended edition!
Download or read book Advances in Agronomy written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-28 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 74 contains six excellent cutting-edge reviews detailing advances in the plant and environmental soil sciences. Chapter 1 is an extensive review on soil quality. Chapter 2 covers recent advances in understanding the formation of metal hydroxide precipitates on soil surfaces and their implications on metal sequestration and soil remediation. Chapter 3 is a timely review on effects of organic acid exudation from roots on phosphorus uptake and aluminum tolerance of plants in acid soils. Chapter 4 discusses bamboo production and management, including manipulation of growth and development and environmental aspects of bamboo production. Chapter 5 addresses a significant worldwide issue - management of soils for food security and environmental quality. Chapter 6 is a comprehensive review on the management of wheat, barley, and oat root systems.
