Download or read book The Legacy of American Copper Smelting written by Bode J. Morin and published by Univ. of Tennessee Press. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout world history, copper has been a significant metal for a vast number of cultures, from the oldest civilizations on record to the Bronze Age and Greek and Roman antiquity. Though replaced by iron as the primary metal for tools and weapons in ancient civilizations, copper found new resurgence in the nineteenth century when it was discovered to have particularly high thermal and electrical conductivity. Copper mining quickly escalated into a large-scale industry, and because of its vast reserves and innovative mining techniques, the United States seized the reins of global production with the opening of significant copper mines in Tennessee and Michigan in the 1840s and Montana in the 1870s. Copper-mining prosperity and America’s dominance of the industry came with a heavy environmental price, however. As rich copper deposits declined with increased mining efforts, large deposits of leaner ores—oftentimes less than one percent pure—had to be mined to keep pace with America’s technological thirst for copper. Processing such ore left an inordinate amount of industrial waste, such as tailings and slag deposits from the refining process and toxic materials from the ores themselves, and copper mining regions around the United States began to see firsthand the landscape degradation wrought by the industry. In The Legacy of American Copper Smelting, Bode J. Morin examines America’s three premier copper sites: Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula, Tennessee’s Copper Basin, and Butte- Anaconda, Montana. Morin focuses on what the copper industry meant to the townspeople working in and around these three major sites while also exploring the smelters’ environmental effects. Each site dealt with pollution management differently, and each site had to balance an EPA-mandated cleanup effort alongside the preservation of a once-proud industry. Morin’s work sheds new light on the EPA’s efforts to utilize Superfund dollars and/or protocols to erase the environmental consequences of copper-smelting while locals and preservationists tried to keep memories of the copper industry alive in what were dying or declining post-industrial towns. This book will appeal to anyone interested in the American history of copper or heritage preservation studies, as well as historians of modern America, industrial technology, and the environment.

Download or read book All Fired Up written by Ellen K. Mantus and published by Delta Toxicology, Inc.. This book was released on 1992 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stream Corridor Restoration written by and published by National Technical Info Svc. This book was released on 1998 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a cooperative effort among fifteen Federal agencies and partners to produce a common reference on stream corridor restoration. It responds to a growing national and international interest in restoring stream corridors.

Download or read book EPA R5 written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hiking Washington s History written by Judy Bentley and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For thousands of years people have traveled across Washington’s spectacular terrain, establishing footpaths and roads to reach hunting grounds and coal mines high in the mountains, fishing sites and trade emporiums on the rivers, forests of old growth, and homesteads and towns on prairies. These traditional routes have been preserved in national parks, restored by cities and towns, salvaged from old railroad tracks, and opened to hikers by Indigenous communities. In this new, full-color edition of the first-ever hiking guide to the state’s historic trails, historian and hiker Judy Bentley teams up with veteran guidebook author Craig Romano to lead adventurers of all abilities along trails on the coast, over mountains, through national forests, across plateaus, and on the banks of the Columbia River. Features include: • 44 hikes, including 12 new additions • Full-color trail maps • A trails timeline that connects hikes to key events • Updated trail descriptions • Accounts from diaries, journals, and archives • Historical overviews of 8 regions of the state • Contemporary and historical photographs Bentley and Romano offer an essential boots-on-the ground history of some of the state’s most fascinating places.

Download or read book Natural Remediation of Environmental Contaminants written by Michael Swindoll and published by Setac Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book National Water Information System NWIS written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hardrock Mining on Federal Lands written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-03 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the result of a congressionally mandated study, examines the adequacy of the regulatory framework for mining of hardrock mineralsâ€"such as gold, silver, copper, and uraniumâ€"on over 350 million acres of federal lands in the western United States. These lands are managed by two agenciesâ€"the Bureau of Land Management in the Department of the Interior, and the Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture. The committee concludes that the complex network of state and federal laws that regulate hardrock mining on federal lands is generally effective in providing environmental protection, but improvements are needed in the way the laws are implemented and some regulatory gaps need to be addressed. The book makes specific recommendations for improvement, including: The development of an enhanced information management system and a more efficient process to review new mining proposals and issue permits. Changes to regulations that would require all mining operations, other than "casual use" activities that negligibly disturb the environment, to provide financial assurances for eventual site cleanup. Changes to regulations that would require all mining and milling operations (other than casual use) to submit operating plans in advance.

Download or read book Grant Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site Cultural Landscape Analysis June 1987 written by United States. National Park Service. Rocky Mountain Regional Office and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cattlemen s Empire written by United States. National Park Service and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biological Test Method written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fresh from the Farm 6pk written by Rigby and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Superfund s Future written by Katherine Probst and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reauthorization of the Superfund law continues to be a major source of controversy among political leaders and environmental activists. Some seek a major overhaul of the statute, arguing that considerable cleanup still needs to be done. Others oppose major changes, asserting that cleanup is almost complete. One of the most contentious issues in the debate is whether the taxes that once stocked the Superfund Trust Fund need to be reinstated. The answer depends in large part on how much money EPA will need to implement the Superfund program. To inform this discussion, the U.S. Congress asked Resources for the Future (RFF) to estimate the program's future costs. The results of this research are included in Superfund's Future, a book that will become an essential reference for all participants in the debate about one of the nation's most controversial environmental programs.

Download or read book Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Estimated Loads of Suspended Sediment and Selected Trace Elements Transported Through the Milltown Reservoir Project Area Before and After the Breaching of Milltown Dam in the Upper Clark Fork Basin Montana Water Year 2008 written by John H. Lambing and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 2009 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Water quality and Transport Characteristics of Suspended Sediment and Trace Elements in Streamflow of the Upper Clark Fork Basin from Galen to Missoula Montana 1985 90 written by John H. Lambing and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Estimated Loads of Suspended Sediment and Selected Trace Elements Transported Through the Clark Fork Basin Montana in Selected Periods Before and After the Breach of Milltown Dam Water Years 1985 2009 written by Steven Kent Sando and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: