Download or read book Military Operations Against Terrorist Groups Abroad written by David Ochmanek and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-12-03 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although military power is only one component of the portfolio of instruments that can be brought to bear in the fight against terrorist groups, military capabilities play unique and crucial roles in the overall strategy. These capabilities will call for a mix of forces somewhat different from those fielded today as well as new concepts and technologies. Equally challenging will be the tasks of training/advising friendly forces and protecting forces and interests around the world.

Download or read book Authorities for Military Operations Against Terrorist Groups written by Christopher S. Chivvis and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. counterterrorism operations rely on authorizations established in 2001 and 2002. This report surveys the debate over the requirements for a new congressional authorization for the use of military force against terrorist groups and examines the current terrorist challenge, the purposes and key elements of such legislation, and options for Congress.

Download or read book International Terrorism written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Near East and South Asia and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aggressive ISR in the War on Terrorism written by William B. Danskine and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the attacks of 11 September 2001, the United States (US) found itself in a new type of war, one for which existing military doctrine was ill suited. The US now faces a dispersed, loosely organized, non-state threat. This paper addresses the problem of how to employ existing military tools to counter global terrorist groups. This paper presents a Terrorist Group Model of a notional group, then proposes a counterterrorism strategy to deny terrorist groups sanctuary, one of the key requirements for these nonstate threats. This paper then presents several ways in which this objective may be achieved using existing military assets in a new way. The final proposals build upon a 2003 RAND study entitled Military Operations Against Terrorist Groups Abroad: Implications for the United States Air Force, authored by David Ochmanek.

Download or read book Foreign policy aspects of the war against terrorism written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Foreign Affairs Committee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This inquiry follows on from the Committee's two previous reports on the post-September 11 threats of international terrorism (HCP 384, session 2001-02; ISBN 0215003756 & HCP 196, session 2002-03; ISBN 0215007069) and its report on the events leading to military action in Iraq (HCP 813-I, session 2002-03; ISBN 0215011627). The Committee's report contains 48 conclusions and recommendations regarding the assessment of the terrorist threat from Iraq, the post-war conflict situation, the consequences of the military action for UK foreign policy relations with its allies and for the threat of terrorist attacks by al Qaeda. Findings include: that although Iraq's co-operation with UN weapons inspectors on disarmament was limited and insufficient, there were improvements being reported by early March, but there was not enough time to make clear judgements about prohibited weapons programmes before the war in Iraq was launched; the Government should clarify its position on the failed attempt to secure a second UN resolution; a sustained commitment to Iraq's post-conflict reconstruction and governance will be vital to future peace efforts in the Middle East and the attitudes of the wider Arab world; the need to restore cohesive international relations is a priority, including the effective functioning of the UN Security Council, and the UK must work with the US and the EU to improve co-operation between the Allies; concerns are raised that terrorist groups have been able to use the war in Iraq as a propaganda tool, and that military action may have actually impeded counter-terrorism efforts, with the al Qaeda network continuing to pose a serious threat to British citizens in the UK and abroad.

Download or read book War in Afghanistan written by Steve Bowman and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By early 2009, a growing number of Members of Congress, Admin. officials, and outside experts had concluded that the war in Afghanistan required greater national attention Since 2001, the character of the war in Afghanistan has evolved from a violent struggle against al Qaeda and its Taliban supporters to a multi-faceted counterinsurgency effort. In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of 9/11, the U.S. launched Operation Enduring Freedom in order to end the ability of the Taliban regime to provide safe haven to al Qaeda and to put a stop to al Qaeda¿s use of the territory of Afghanistan as a base of operations for terrorist activities. This report provides analysis of current developments and future options concerning the war in Afghanistan. Map.

Download or read book Attacking Terrorism written by Audrey Kurth Cronin and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-14 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definition and understanding of "terrorism" is in a state of unprecedented evolution. No longer are acts of terrorism rare and far-flung. Following the horrendous attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, U.S. citizens have had their eyes opened to a new world where this nightmare stalks the daily news and is never far from consciousness. Attacking Terrorism brings together some of the world's finest experts, people who have made the study of this rising menace their life's work, to provide a comprehensive picture of the challenges and opportunities of the campaign against international terrorism. Part one, "The Nature of Terrorism," provides an overview and foundation for the current campaign, placing it within the political and historical context of previous threats and responses. Part two, "The Responses to Terrorism," looks at the range of policy instruments required in an effective strategy against terrorism. The contributors to this volume bring finely honed analyses and nuanced perspectives to the terrorist realities of the twenty-first century—history, analyses, and perspectives that have been too often oversimplified or myopic. They bring a new depth of understanding and myriad new dimensions to the crisis of terrorism. And they reach into aspects of counterterrorism that broaden our grasp on such important tools as diplomacy, intelligence and counterintelligence, psycho-political means, international law, criminal law enforcement, military force, foreign aid, and homeland security, showing not only how these tools are currently being employed but how often they are being underutilized as well. Attacking Terrorism demonstrates that there are no easy answers—and that the road toward victory will be long and arduous, frightening and dangerous—but as Audrey Kurth Cronin states in her introduction, "As the campaign against international terrorism unfolds, a crucial forward-looking process of strategic reassessment is under way in the United States, and this book is intended to be a part of it."

Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States written by Thomas A. Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorist groups operating in Sub-Saharan Africa failed states have demonstrated the ability to avoid the scrutiny of Western counterterrorism officials, while supporting and facilitating terrorist attacks on the United States and its partners. The potential acquisition of nuclear weapons by terrorists makes terrorist groups operating from failed states especially dangerous. U.S. counterterrorism strategies largely have been unsuccessful in addressing this threat. A new strategy is called for, one that combines both military and law enforcement efforts in a fully integrated counterterrorism effort, supported by a synthesis of foreign intelligence capabilities with intelligence-led policing to identify, locate, and take into custody terrorists operating from failed states before they are able to launch potentially catastrophic attacks.

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of U S Counterterrorism and Irregular Warfare Operations written by Michael A. Sheehan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook comprises essays by leading scholars and practitioners on the topic of U.S. counterterrorism and irregular warfare campaigns and operations around the globe. Terrorist groups have evolved substantially since 9/11, with the Islamic State often described as a pseudo-state, a terrorist group, and insurgency all at the same time. While researchers', analysts', and policymakers’ understanding of terrorism has grown immensely over the past two decades, similar advancements in the understanding of counterterrorism lag. As such, this handbook explains why it is necessary to take a broader view of counterterrorism which can, and often does, include irregular warfare. The volume is divided into three thematic sections: Part I examines modern terrorism in the Islamic world and gives an overview of the major terrorist groups from the past three decades; Part II provides a wide variety of case studies of counterterrorism and irregular warfare operations, spanning from the 1980s to the irregular warfare campaign against the Islamic State in northern Syria in 2018; Part III examines the government instruments used to combat terrorism and wage irregular warfare, such as drones, Theater Special Operations Commands, and Theater Commands. The handbook fills a gap in the traditional counterterrorism literature by its inclusion of irregular warfare and by providing analyses from academic experts as well as practitioners. It will be of much interest to students of counterterrorism, counterinsurgency, U.S. national security, military affairs, and International Relations. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-Handbook-of-US-Counterterrorism-and-Irregular-Warfare-Operations/Sheehan-Marquardt-Collins/p/book/9780367758363, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Download or read book Counterterrorism in African Failed States Challenges and Potential Solutions written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failed states offer attractive venues for terrorist groups seeking to evade counterterrorism efforts of the United States and its partners in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). State failure entails, among its other features, the disintegration and criminalization of public security forces, the collapse of the state administrative structure responsible for overseeing those forces, and the erosion of infrastructure that supports their effective operation. These circumstances make identification of terrorist groups operating within failed states very difficult, and action against such groups, once identified, problematic. Terrorist groups that are the focus of the current GWOT display the characteristics of a network organization with two very different types of cells: terrorist nodes and terrorist hubs. Terrorist nodes are small, closely knit local cells that actually commit terrorist acts in the areas in which they are active. Terrorist hubs provide ideological guidance, financial support, and access to resources enabling node attacks. An examination of three failed states in Sub-Saharan Africa - Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Somalia - reveals the presence of both types of cells and furnishes a context for assessing the threat they pose to the national interests of the United States and its partners.

Download or read book Foreign Fighters in the Middle East written by Alayna Montgomery and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rising number of U.S. and European citizens traveling to fight with rebel and terrorist groups in Syria and Iraq has emerged as a growing concern for U.S. and European leaders, including Members of Congress. Several deadly terrorist attacks in Europe over the past year -- including the killing of 17 people in Paris in January 2015 -- have heightened the perception that these individuals could pose a serious security threat. Increasingly, terrorist suspects in Europe appear to have spent time with groups fighting in the Middle East, especially with the Islamic State organization (also known as ISIL or ISIS). Others, like the gunman who murdered two individuals in Copenhagen in February 2015, seem to have been inspired by Islamist extremist propaganda. U.S. intelligence suggests that more than 20,000 foreign fighters have traveled to the Syria-Iraq region, including at least 3,400 Westerners, since 2011. The vast majority of Western fighters are thought to be from Europe, although roughly 150 Americans have traveled or attempted to travel to Syria. U.S. authorities estimate that a handful of Americans have died in the conflict; they also assert that military operations against the Islamic State group since August 2014 have killed thousands of fighters, including an unknown number of foreigners. European governments have employed a mix of security measures and prevention efforts to address the potential foreign fighter threat. This book discusses U.S. and European assessments of and responses to the foreign fighter phenomenon. It focuses on government policies primarily in Western European countries and analyzes EU measures to counter the foreign fighter threat given the EU's largely open internal borders and that 23 EU member states belong to the U.S. Visa Waiver Program. It also briefly evaluates foreign fighter outflows and responses in the Western Balkans and Russia; discusses U.S.-European cooperation, primarily in the law enforcement and intelligence areas, and addresses issues of particular concern for Congress, such as the VWP; examines the evolution of U.S.-EU counterterrorism cooperation and the ongoing challenges that may be of interest in the 113th Congress; and concludes with statements from several speakers of three different hearings related to foreign fighters.

Download or read book Terrorism in Southeast Asia written by Bruce Vaughn and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) The Rise of Islamist Militancy in Southeast Asia: Overview; The Rise of Al Qaeda in Southeast Asia; (2) The Jemaah Islamiya (JI) Network: History of JI; JI¿s Relationship to Al Qaeda; JI¿s Size and Structure; (3) Indonesia: Recent Events; The Bali Bombings and Other JI attacks in Indonesia; The Trial and Release of Baasyir; (4) The Philippines: Abu Sayyaf; The MILF; The Philippine Communist Party; (5) Thailand: Southern Insurgency; Current Government¿s Approach; Little Evidence of Transnational Elements; (6) Malaysia: Recent Events; A Muslim Voice of Moderation; Maritime Concerns; Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism in Malaysia; Terrorist Groups in Malaysia; Malaysia¿s Counter-Terrorism Efforts; (7) Singapore: U.S.-Singapore Coop.

Download or read book Counter Terrorism Strategies in a Fragmented International Legal Order written by Larissa J. Herik and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the relationship between different branches of international law and their applicability to terrorism.

Download or read book Information Operations written by Joint Forces Staff College (U.S.) and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern means of communication have turned the world into an information fishbowl and, in terms of foreign policy and national security in post-Cold War power politics, helped transform international power politics. Information operations (IO), in which time zones are as important as national boundaries, is the use of modern technology to deliver critical information and influential content in an effort to shape perceptions, manage opinions, and control behavior. Contemporary IO differs from traditional psychological operations practiced by nation-states, because the availability of low-cost high technology permits nongovernmental organizations and rogue elements, such as terrorist groups, to deliver influential content of their own as well as facilitates damaging cyber-attacks ("hactivism") on computer networks and infrastructure. As current vice president Dick Cheney once said, such technology has turned third-class powers into first-class threats. Conceived as a textbook by instructors at the Joint Command, Control, and Information Warfare School of the U.S. Joint Forces Staff College and involving IO experts from several countries, this book fills an important gap in the literature by analyzing under one cover the military, technological, and psychological aspects of information operations. The general reader will appreciate the examples taken from recent history that reflect the impact of IO on U.S. foreign policy, military operations, and government organization.

Download or read book Denying Sanctuary Coin Terrorist Insurgency Studies Malayan Emergency Algerian Revolution Hukbalahap Philippines Insurrection Current Analysis O written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-11 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community. Since the findings of the 9/11 Commission were released in July of 2004, and even before, U.S. counterterrorism policy proffered a strategy to preemptively "attack terrorists and their organizations." Al Qaida (AQ), a violent extremist organization (VEO), is responsible for the devastating attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC). Due to U.S. military operations to oust AQ from the sanctuary provided by the Taliban in Afghanistan in October of 2001, several of its senior leaders fled and remain at large in the sanctuary of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan. Denying sanctuary in the FATA is a national priority critical to regional stability and global security. During this same period of time, however, the U.S. national strategy for combating terrorism and the U.S.'s zeal to capture or kill the high-profile personalities responsible for the devastating attack on the WTC led to well-intended, but misappropriated, resources and separate agency plans. These plans focused on targeting individuals as the way to defeat the "global insurgency" rather than targeting the strategic pillars of terrorist organizations and transnational insurgencies. Counterterrorism (CT) strategists and intelligence professionals have characterized AQ and its loose network of like-minded terrorist groups a "global insurgency."It was determined that both the United States Government (USG) and the Government of Pakistan (GOP) approaches are not sufficiently addressing the operational elements of sanctuary. Moreover, USG/GOP COIN methods may actually be perpetuating the insurgencies as evidenced by their growing disruptive activities in Pakistan and Afghanistan and their intentions for greater instability in the region. Further, it was determined that "whole-of-international-community" effort focused on reducing the operational elements of the FATA's sanctuary is the best approach to deny sanctuary and defeat the insurgencies that reside there. The U.S. must work with its allies to disrupt AQ attacks on the Homeland and U.S. interests abroad while simultaneously providing Pakistan, a critical U.S. partner, the time, space, capabilities, and capacities to defeat its own insurgencies in the region, which if left unattended, could emerge into a regional or global crisis.Chapter One - Sanctuary as a Concept in Insurgency * Introduction * The Critical Factors - Security and Freedom of Movement * Terms - Sanctuary and Safe Haven * Concept of Sanctuary and its Physical and Human Operational Elements * Chapter Two - Case Studies Analysis of Twentieth-Century Insurgencies * Introduction and Case Study Analysis Construct * The Malayan Emergency (1948-1960) * Introduction * Physical element * Human element * COIN approach * Conclusion * The Algerian Revolution (1954-1962) * Introduction * Physical element * Human element * COIN approach * Conclusion * The Hukbalahap Insurrection (1946-1955) * Introduction * Physical element * Human element * COIN approach * Conclusion * Chapter Conclusion - Summary of Findings from Historical Insurgencies Analysis * Chapter Three - FATA (A Tale of Three Insurgencies in a Land of Eternal Sanctuary) * Introduction * The Regional Situation * The Enemy - the Insurgencies that Dwell, Survive, and Flourish in the FATA * Conditions of Sanctuary * Physical element * Human element * The Bifurcated, Insurgent-centric COIN Approach to Date * Chapter Four - Conclusion & Epilogue * Conclusion * Epilogue

Download or read book The Economic Impact of Terrorism in the Near East written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-02-11 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How successful are terrorist attacks in inflicting economic harm on states? The small body of work that has explored this question finds that while domestic terrorism is generally ineffective, transnational terrorism does reduce economic growth in some regions. Despite being a major center of terrorism, the Near East region has not been empirically tested in this way. This paper investigates the effect of domestic and transnational terrorism on macroeconomic growth for the eighteen countries in the Near East from 1970-2012. The findings indicate that neither form of terrorism has significantly affected economic growth, however, internal conflicts and external wars have both greatly limited growth. These findings have implications for how states allocate their scarce resources to formulate efficient defense strategies. Terrorist groups are not monolithic in nature; while some groups conduct terrorist attacks almost exclusively, others use terrorism as a part of a larger strategy that also incorporates guerilla warfare and sometimes even conventional military operations. More traditional terrorist groups, which often have universal or global objectives, can be effectively targeted using counterterrorism strategies. Groups that are more local in nature, and who use terrorism in conjunction with other tactics, present a much greater threat to a state's economy and political stability. These groups are better targeted using a counterinsurgency framework, which focuses more resources towards resolving the underlying causes of the conflict. There are a number of mechanisms through which terrorism can impose economic harm on a targeted nation. First, the threat of terrorism can lead to a reduction in foreign direct investment as investors divert their capital to other areas. This loss of investment has the potential to reduce economic growth, particularly in developing nations. Second, terrorist attacks can destroy key infrastructure needed to facilitate the exchange of goods and services throughout an economy. Although the associated losses are normally temporary, additional resources must be expended in order to repair or rebuild the infrastructure. Third, a terrorist campaign can reduce trade as spillover costs among neighboring countries discourage economic exchange with the terror-ridden country. Fourth, in response to terrorism events, nations often increase their expenditures on defense and security measures, which can crowd out investment in other areas. Also, resources spent on security cannot be devoted to other activities that facilitate long-run economic growth, such as conducting research and development or acquiring new technologies. Fifth, the uncertainty brought about by terrorism can adversely impact businesses by requiring them to pay higher wages to their employees, increasing insurance premiums, and necessitating additional expenditures on security. These excess costs decrease business profits and lower economic growth. Following the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001 researchers have sought to better understand the macroeconomic consequences of terrorism. Despite a terrorist organization's intentions to inflict economic harm on a nation, the extent to which terrorist attacks are successful in doing so is not clear. Furthermore, various economies will respond differently based upon their characteristics. A nation with a large gross domestic product (GDP) would likely see a smaller impact from a terrorist event because the fraction of the economy affected by the attack would be relatively small. Additionally, well-diversified economies should be better able to withstand terrorist attacks because of their ability to quickly reallocate capital to different parts of the economy.

Download or read book American Public Support for U S Military Operations from Mogadishu to Baghdad written by Eric V. Larson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2005-06-03 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The support of the American public is widely held to be a critical prerequisite for undertaking military action abroad. This monograph describes American public opinion toward wars and other large military operations over the last decade, to delineate the sources of support and opposition for each war or operation, to identify the principal fault lines in support, and to illuminate those factors that are consistent predictors of support for and opposition to military operations.