Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 1849 written by Wilhelm Meyer-Ott and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 1849 written by and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 1849 written by Wilhelm Meyer (Stadtrat, Zürich) and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 1849 written by Francis Egerton Ellesmere (1st earl of.) and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 1849 Translated from the German by the Earl of Ellesmere written by Ellesmere and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 1849 Translated from the German by the Earl of Ellesmere written by Italy and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Events in Italy 1848 49 written by Wilhelm Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1851 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Second Italian War of Independence written by Charles River Editors and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading In the 18th century, Italy was still divided into smaller states, but differently than during medieval times when the political entities were independent and were flourishing economic and cultural centers almost unrivaled in Europe. During the 18th century, all of them were submitted, in one way or another, to one of the greater hegemonic powers. This process of conquest and submission began during the early 16th century, when France was called on by the Duke Milan to intervene in his favor and from there never stopped. This was the geopolitical picture in Italy when the tumult of the French Revolution crossed the Alps, and the military campaigns of the legendary Napoleon Bonaparte would initiate a chain of events that would have massive reverberations across Italy throughout the 19th century. The different Italian states on the peninsula experienced Napoleonic rule in the early 1800s, followed by a brief restoration that led to widespread political upheavals in the 1820s. As the 1840s came to a close, the Italian peninsula was in major disarray. In 1847, the Austrian Chancellor Klement von Metternich referred to Italy as merely a "geographical expression," and to some extent, he was not far off the mark. The inhabitants did not speak Italian; only a literate few wrote in the Italian of Dante and of Machiavelli, and a mere estimated two and a half percent spoke the language. The rest spoke their own regional dialects, which were so distinct from one another as to be incomprehensible from town to town. Similarly, most future Italian citizens knew nothing of the history of the peninsula, but instead learned of their own local traditions and histories. The events of 1848-1849 began to pull the peninsula together, however. In January, 1848, Sicily had a major revolution, which provoked widespread uprisings and riots, after which the kingdoms of Sardinia, the Two Sicilies, the Papal States and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany all were granted constitutions. In February, the Pope fled Rome and a three-month long Republic was declared, headed by Giuseppe Mazzini. In March, a revolution in Venice led to the declaration of a republic. In April, Milan also rebelled and became a republic. Soon, the Austrian government clamped down again on the peninsula with such intensity that not even the most optimistic would have been able to fathom the nationalist Risorgimento movement would unify Italy a little more than a decade later. The Italian state may have come together thanks to ideals, but the success of the Second Italian War of Independence owed a lot of its success to chance, foreign intervention, and the wheeling and dealing of a few powerful men. Its story is long and complex, and the ultimate unification of Italy as it's recognized today would require no less than four wars. Nonetheless, despite its difficult birthing process and rocky start, the Italian state has survived over 150 years, and it even managed to remain united in the aftermath of World War II, escaping the fate of Nazi Germany. The Second Italian War of Independence: The History and Legacy of the Conflict that Led to Italy's Unification chronicles the turbulent events that led to the decisive fighting, and how they led to Italian unification. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Second Italian War of Independence like never before.
Download or read book Radetzky s Marches written by Michael Embree and published by Helion. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 1848, revolution threatened to sweep away the old order throughout Europe. In the Austrian-occupied north of Italy, newly nurtured nationalism, further fueled by economic issues, prompted open revolt in Lombardy and Venetia. The Austrian army in Italy, commanded by 82-year-old Field Marshal Radetzky, soon saw itself under further threat from the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont, that of Naples, and the Papal States, as well as thousands of volunteers, all determined to rid Italy of the occupier. Seemingly under attack from all sides, the Austrian Army was forced to concentrate in the famous 'Quadrilateral', formed by the fortress cities of Peschiera, Mantua, Legnago, and Verona, losing deserters by the thousand, to prepare for the war to follow, a war that would continue into the following year. This volume narrates the remarkable tale of how one old general quite possibly saved an empire. With iron will, the great personal affection of his men, and some luck, Radetzky maintained his army, and finally defeated his opponents. Such was the impact of the 1848 campaign, that Johann Strauss the Elder wrote the 'Radetzky March', in the Field Marshal's honor! The comprehensive story of the revolts and the subsequent military campaigns is recounted here, taken from many and varied sources, including a considerable number of contemporary and first-hand accounts, as well official reports from all sides. Radetzky's Marches is profusely illustrated, and is accompanied by maps, charts, diagrams and extensive orders-of-battle.
Download or read book The Second War of Italian Unification 1859 61 written by Frederick C. Schneid and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-06 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The culmination of decades of nationalist aspiration and cynical Realpolitik, the Second War of Italian Unification saw Italy transformed from a patchwork of minor states dominated by the Habsburg Austrians into a unified kingdom under the Piedmontese House of Savoy. Unlike many existing accounts, which approach the events of 1859–61 from a predominantly French perspective, this study draws upon a huge breadth of sources to examine the conflict as a critical event in Italian history. A concise explanation of the origins of the war is followed by a wide-ranging survey of the forces deployed and the nature and course of the fighting – on land and at sea – and the consequences for those involved are investigated. This is a groundbreaking study of a conflict that was of critical significance not only for Italian history but also for the development of 19th-century warfare.
Download or read book Garibaldi s Defence of the Roman Republic written by George Macaulay Trevelyan and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Armies of Austria Hungary and Germany 1740 1914 written by László M. Alfőldi and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Italy in the Making January 1st 1848 to November 16th 1848 written by G. F.-H. Berkeley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1968 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1940, this third volume deals with the year of revolution in full narrative detail. By the beginning of 1848 all the small Italian nations were on the verge of an outbreak against Austrian domination, while the whole of Europe was also on the verge of revolution, and the next 18 months would see risings and bloodshed in almost all the European capitals, as well as in many towns in Italy. Liberalism was in the air in Europe, the revolution was about to break its bounds; yet no man in authority, save Metternich, realised the significance of this. Italy's national hopes were raised by the threat of a general upheaval, but the opportunity would be of short duration. The crowded story of 1848 told by Mr and Mrs Berkeley is momentous and stirring.
Download or read book The Pope who Would be King written by David I. Kertzer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Days after the assassination of his prime minister in the middle of Rome in November 1848, Pope Pius IX found himself a virtual prisoner in his own palace. The wave of revolution that had swept through Europe now seemed poised to put an end to the popes' thousand-year reign over the Papal States, if not indeed to the papacy itself. Disguising himself as a simple parish priest, Pius escaped through a back door. Climbing inside the Bavarian ambassador's carriage, he embarked on a journey into a fateful exile.Only two years earlier Pius's election had triggered a wave of optimism across Italy. After the repressive reign of the dour Pope Gregory XVI, Italians saw the youthful, benevolent new pope as the man who would at last bring the Papal States into modern times and help create a new, unified Italian nation. But Pius found himself caught between a desire to please his subjects and a fear--stoked by the cardinals--that heeding the people's pleas would destroy the church. The resulting drama--with a colorful cast of characters, from Louis Napoleon and his rabble-rousing cousin Charles Bonaparte to Garibaldi, Tocqueville, and Metternich--was rife with treachery, tragedy, and international power politics.David Kertzer is one of the world's foremost experts on the history of Italy and the Vatican, and has a rare ability to bring history vividly to life. With a combination of gripping, cinematic storytelling, and keen historical analysis rooted in an unprecedented richness of archival sources, The Pope Who Would Be King sheds fascinating new light on the end of rule by divine right in the west and the emergence of modern Europe.
Download or read book The Revolutions in Europe 1848 1849 written by Hartmut Pogge von Strandmann and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays arose out of lectures given in Oxford to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the 1848 revolutions in Europe. Authoritative, yet readable and colourful, they comprise judicicious summaries of the existing stte of knowledge, as well as new insights and unfamiliar information. Thebook also seeks to place the revolutionary events in their wider context: apart from chapters covering the main centres of disturbance in France, Germany, Italy, and the Habsburg lands, there are discussions of the situation in Britain and Russia, which were affected but not convulsed by thedisorders elsewhere; of reactions in the United States of America; of the symbolism of 1848 for the later democratic, radical, and socialist movements. 1848 marked the first breakdown of traditional authority across much of the continent, and as such is of profound significance in the developmentof modern European politics as a whole.
Download or read book The Crucible of Revolutionary and Napoleonic Warfare and European Transitions to Modern Economic Growth written by Patrick Karl O'Brien and published by Library of Economic History. This book was released on 2021-12-17 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Historiographically, this book rests on the fact that European transitions to modern economic growth were obstructed and promoted by the Revolution in France and 15 years of geopolitical conflict sustained by Napoleon in order to establish French Hegemony over the states and economies of Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and overseas commerce. The chapters reveal that the nature and significance of connections between geopolitical and economic forces lend coherence to a collaborative endeavour utilising comparative methods to address a mega question: What might be plausibly concluded about the economic costs and the benefits of this protracted conjuncture of Revolutionary and Napoleonic Warfare?"--
Download or read book 1848 written by Peter N. Stearns and published by New York : Norton. This book was released on 1974 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
