Download or read book Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Ashok Kakkar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term ‘miktoarm polymers’ refers to asymmetric branched macromolecules, a relatively new entry to the macromolecular field. Recent advances in their synthesis and intriguing supramolecular chemistry in a desired medium has seen a fast expansion of their applications. The composition of miktoarm polymers can be tailored and even pre-defined to allow a desired combination of functions, meaning polymer chemists can have complete control of the overall architecture of these macromolecules. By carefully selecting the composition, they can create supramolecular structures with intriguing properties, particularly for applications in biology. Miktoarm Star Polymers features chapters from experts actively working in this field, and provides the reader with a unique introduction to the fundamental principles of this exciting macromolecular system. Topics covered include the design, synthesis, characterization, self-assembly and applications of miktoarm polymers. The book is an excellent overview and up to date guide to those working in research in polymer chemistry, materials science, and polymers for medical applications.
Download or read book Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Ashok Kakkar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a detailed monograph on the topic, this book features chapters from experts actively working in this field, and is intended to provide the reader with a unique overview of the fundamental principles of this exciting macromolecular platform.
Download or read book Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Ashok Kakkar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term ‘miktoarm polymers’ refers to asymmetric branched macromolecules, a relatively new entry to the macromolecular field. Recent advances in their synthesis and intriguing supramolecular chemistry in a desired medium has seen a fast expansion of their applications. The composition of miktoarm polymers can be tailored and even pre-defined to allow a desired combination of functions, meaning polymer chemists can have complete control of the overall architecture of these macromolecules. By carefully selecting the composition, they can create supramolecular structures with intriguing properties, particularly for applications in biology. Miktoarm Star Polymers features chapters from experts actively working in this field, and provides the reader with a unique introduction to the fundamental principles of this exciting macromolecular system. Topics covered include the design, synthesis, characterization, self-assembly and applications of miktoarm polymers. The book is an excellent overview and up to date guide to those working in research in polymer chemistry, materials science, and polymers for medical applications.
Download or read book The Effect of Complexation on Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Pascal Hebbeker and published by . This book was released on 2018* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Redox Responsive Miktoarm Star Polymers for Drug Delivery written by Victor Lotocki and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The delivery of lipophilic active pharmaceutical compounds to disease sites continues to be an active area of research due to their poor aqueous solubility and biological stability. The self-assembly of amphiphilic diblock copolymers into micellar nanoparticles has historically enabled the encapsulation of such drugs by solubilizing and stabilizing them within their hydrophobic cores, while hydrophilic coronae provides micelles with aqueous solubility and biological stealth. Miktoarm star polymers are branched architectures in which at least three polymeric arms emanate from a central core junction, and in which at least two of those arms are dissimilar. Such branching architectures form micelles with lower critical micelle concentrations (CMC), higher overall drug loading contents, and more sustained drug release profiles. The synthesis of miktoarm stars has traditionally been carried out by a combination of arm-first and core-first methodologies, in which polymer segments are synthesized first and then grafted to a central core molecule, or in which a heteromultifunctional core is used to initiate the polymerization of different arms respectively. Complications arising from low grafting efficiencies in arm-first methods, and difficulties in selecting different compatible functional groups for polymerization in core-first methods have prompted chemists to use a mixture of these two methods. The simplification of synthetic methods has helped enhance the scope miktoarm stars for applications in biology.The goals of this thesis were the synthesis of autogenous stimuli-responsive AB2 (A = polycaprolactone (PCL), B = poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)) miktoarm star polymers using a mixed arm- and core-first methodologies, a detailed evaluation of their self-assemblies, and the development of drug delivery formulations that promote targeting, and decrease off-targeting. We demonstrated that a combination of ring opening polymerization and Steglich esterification can be used to generate modular “building blocks”, which consist of polymer segments with or without incorporated thioketal and disulfide moieties. The latter are responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) or glutathione (GSH) respectively. We demonstrated that the combination of such PEG- and PCL-based building blocks, coupled through efficient copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) “click” reactions, can greatly simplify the construction of miktoarm stars with different compositions and the pre-determined position based incorporation of stimuli-responsive entities. Tissues surrounding disease sites are associated with high levels of extracellular ROS, while GSH is overproduced intracellularly. Considering this redox gradient, thioketal and disulfide units were placed in spatially disparate locations near PEG chain ends or adjacent to the miktoarm polymer core junction. ROS-induced oxidative cleavage of thioketal moieties located along PEG backbones facilitates partial outer corona shedding in miktoarm stars self-assembled into micelles, thereby subtly increasing the release of loaded drugs, while keeping micelles intact. Micelles that are taken up intracellularly are exposed to heightened GSH concentrations that can reduce disulfide linkers at miktoarm polymer junctions, resulting in micellar collapse and a significant increase in drug release"--
Download or read book Complex Macromolecular Architectures written by Nikos Hadjichristidis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-20 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of CMA (complex macromolecular architecture) stands at the cutting edge of materials science, and has been a locus of intense research activity in recent years. This book gives an extensive description of the synthesis, characterization, and self-assembly of recently-developed advanced architectural materials with a number of potential applications. The architectural polymers, including bio-conjugated hybrid polymers with poly(amino acid)s and gluco-polymers, star-branched and dendrimer-like hyperbranched polymers, cyclic polymers, dendrigraft polymers, rod-coil and helix-coil block copolymers, are introduced chapter by chapter in the book. In particular, the book also emphasizes the topic of synthetic breakthroughs by living/controlled polymerization since 2000. Furthermore, renowned authors contribute on special topics such as helical polyisocyanates, metallopolymers, stereospecific polymers, hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers, conjugated polymers, and polyrotaxanes, which have attracted considerable interest as novel polymer materials with potential future applications. In addition, recent advances in reactive blending achieved with well-defined end-functionalized polymers are discussed from an industrial point of view. Topics on polymer-based nanotechnologies, including self-assembled architectures and suprastructures, nano-structured materials and devices, nanofabrication, surface nanostructures, and their AFM imaging analysis of hetero-phased polymers are also included. Provides comprehensive coverage of recently developed advanced architectural materials Covers hot new areas such as: click chemistry; chain walking; polyhomologation; ADMET Edited by highly regarded scientists in the field Contains contributions from 26 leading experts from Europe, North America, and Asia Researchers in academia and industry specializing in polymer chemistry will find this book to be an ideal survey of the most recent advances in the area. The book is also suitable as supplementary reading for students enrolled in Polymer Synthetic Chemistry, Polymer Synthesis, Polymer Design, Advanced Polymer Chemistry, Soft Matter Science, and Materials Science courses. Color versions of selected figures can be found at www.wiley.com/go/hadjichristidis
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterisation of Initiators and Amphiphilic Miktoarm Star Polymers written by Russell Balster and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cyclic Polymers written by J. A. Semlyen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyclic Polymers (Second Edition) reviews the many recent advances in this rapidly expanding subject since the publication of the first edition in 1986. The preparation, characterisation, properties and applications of a wide range of organic and inorganic cyclic oligomers and polymers are described in detail, together with many examples of catenanes and rotaxanes. The importance of large cyclics in biological chemistry and molecular biology is emphasised by a wide coverage of circular DNA, cyclic peptides and cyclic oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. Experimental techniques and theoretical aspects of cyclic polymers are included, as well as examples of their uses such as ring opening polymerisation reactions to give commercially important materials. This book covers a wide range of topics which should be of interest to many scientific research workers (for example, in polymer science, chemistry and molecular biology), as well as providing a reference text for undergraduate and graduate students.
Download or read book Synthesis and Self assembly of Miktoarm Polymers and Design of a Drug polymer imaging Conjugate written by Kunal Khanna and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Performance Polymers and Engineering Plastics written by Vikas Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes advances in synthesis, processing, and technology of environmentally friendly polymers generated from renewable resources. With contents based on a wide range of functional monomers and contributions from eminent researchers, this volume demonstrates the design, synthesis, properties and applications of plant oil based polymers, presenting an elaborate review of acid mediated polymerization techniques for the generation of green polymers. Chemical engineers are provided with state-of-the-art information that acts to further progress research in this direction.
Download or read book Organic Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials written by Susheel Kalia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.
Download or read book Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics written by Hideko Koshima and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a comprehensive review of the research and development of mechanically responsive materials and their applications in soft robots Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers an authoritative guide to the current state of mechanically responsive materials for the development of soft robotics. With contributions from an international panel of experts, the book examines existing mechanically responsive materials such as crystals, polymers, gels, and composites that are stimulated by light and heat. The book also explores the application of mechanical materials to soft robotics. The authors describe the many excellent mechanical crystals developed in recent years that show the ability to bend, twist, rotate, jump, self-heal, and shape memory. Mechanical polymer materials are described for evolution into artificial muscles, photomobile materials, bioinspired soft actuators, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, multi-responsive composite materials, and strain sensor materials. The application of mechanical materials to soft robots is just the beginning. This book reviews the many challenging and versatile applications, such as soft microrobots made from photoresponsive elastomers, four-dimensional printing for assembling soft robots, self-growing of soft robots like plants, and biohybrid robots using muscle tissue. This important book: -Explores recent developments in the use of soft smart materials in robotic systems -Covers the full scope of mechanically responsive materials: polymers, crystals, gels, and nanocomposites -Deals with an interdisciplinary topic of advanced smart materials research -Contains extensive descriptions of current and future applications in soft robotics Written for materials scientists, polymer chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, solid state chemists, inorganic chemists, and robotics engineers, Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers a comprehensive and timely review of the most recent research on mechanically responsive materials and the manufacture of soft robotics.
Download or read book Star and Hyperbranched Polymers written by Munmaya Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-05-25 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizing the raw data needed for a wide variety of industrial applications, this work supplies up-to-date advanced in research on star, hyperbranched and dendritic polymers. It provides detailed descriptions of the size and shape of the molecules that make up these polymers, as well as their biological advances, low viscosity in solution and substrate-holding properties.
Download or read book Polymer Chemistry written by Timothy P. Lodge and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A well-rounded and articulate examination of polymer properties at the molecular level, Polymer Chemistry focuses on fundamental principles based on underlying chemical structures, polymer synthesis, characterization, and properties. It emphasizes the logical progression of concepts and provide mathematical tools as needed as well as fully derived problems for advanced calculations. The much-anticipated Third Edition expands and reorganizes material to better develop polymer chemistry concepts and update the remaining chapters. New examples and problems are also featured throughout. This revised edition: Integrates concepts from physics, biology, materials science, chemical engineering, and statistics as needed. Contains mathematical tools and step-by-step derivations for example problems Incorporates new theories and experiments using the latest tools and instrumentation and topics that appear prominently in current polymer science journals. The number of homework problems has been greatly increased, to over 350 in all. The worked examples and figures have been augmented. More examples of relevant synthetic chemistry have been introduced into Chapter 2 ("Step-Growth Polymers"). More details about atom-transfer radical polymerization and reversible addition/fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization have been added to Chapter 4 ("Controlled Polymerization"). Chapter 7 (renamed "Thermodynamics of Polymer Mixtures") now features a separate section on thermodynamics of polymer blends. Chapter 8 (still called "Light Scattering by Polymer Solutions") has been supplemented with an extensive introduction to small-angle neutron scattering. Polymer Chemistry, Third Edition offers a logical presentation of topics that can be scaled to meet the needs of introductory as well as more advanced courses in chemistry, materials science, polymer science, and chemical engineering.
Download or read book Polymer Morphology written by Qipeng Guo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on structure-property relationships, this book describes how polymer morphology affects properties and how scientists can modify them. The book covers structure development, theory, simulation, and processing; and discusses a broad range of techniques and methods. • Provides an up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to the principles and practices of polymer morphology • Illustrates major structure types, such as semicrystalline morphology, surface-induced polymer crystallization, phase separation, self-assembly, deformation, and surface topography • Covers a variety of polymers, such as homopolymers, block copolymers, polymer thin films, polymer blends, and polymer nanocomposites • Discusses a broad range of advanced and novel techniques and methods, like x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy and their applications in the morphology of polymer materials
Download or read book Controlled Living Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The preparation and characterization of new materials with precisely controlled macromolecular dimensions, functionalities, and decomposition, as well as with well-defined topologies, is perhaps the main focus of contemporary polymer synthesis. The best control of molecular functions can be achieved in a controlled/living polymerization -- a chain growth process without chain breaking reactions. Recently, controlled/living polymerizations have extended to radical systems which are not only commercially important, but also have the largest potential due to the availability of radically polymerizable monomers, facile copolymerization and undemanding experimental conditions. Controlled Radical Polymerization will examine recent advances in mechanistic and synthetic aspects of controlled/living radical (co)polymerization systems. Not only will this book be focused on recent progress in the dynamically developing field of controlled/living radical polymerization, but it will be a sequel to the very popular ACS Symposium Series 685, 768, and 854. The book will consist of >30 chapters separated into seven subsections: Fundamentals, Mechanism of ATRP, Mechanisms of SFRP and Degenerative Transfer Processes, Controlled Architecture by CRP, Organic-inorganic Hybrids by CRP, Biomaterials by CRP and Industrial Applications. This book targets chemists and polymer scientists in academia and in industry.
Download or read book Branched Polymers I written by Jaques Roovers and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998-12-04 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While books have been written on many topics of Polymer Science, no compre hensive treatise on long chain branching has ever been composed. This series of reviews in Volume 142 and 143 of Advances in Polymer Science tries to fill this gap by highlighting active areas of research on branched polymers. Long chain branching is a phenomenon observed in synthetic polymers and in some natural polysaccharides. It has long been recognized as a major mole cular parameter of macromolecules. Its presence was first surmised by H. Stau dinger and G. V. Schuh (Ber. 68, 2320, 1935). Interestingly, their method of iden tification by means of the abnormal relation between intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight has survived to this day. Indeed, the most sophisticated method for analysis of long chain branching uses size exclusion fractionation with the simultaneous recording of mass, molecular weight and intrinsic visco sity of the fractions. In the 1940s and 1950s, random branching in polymers and its effect on their properties was studied by Stockmayer, Flory, Zimm and many others. Their work remains a milestone on the subject to this day. Flory dedicated several chapters of his "Principles of Polymer Chemistry" to non linear polymers. Especially important at that time was the view that randomly branched polymers are inter mediates to polymeric networks. Further developments in randomly branched polymers came from the introduction of percolation theory. The modern aspec ts of this topic are elaborated here in the chapter by W. Burchard.
