Download or read book Migration and Location Specific Human Capital written by Xiaobo Li and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Location Specific Human Capital Location Choice and Amenity Demand written by Douglas J. Krupka and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of amenities in the flow of migrants has long been a subject of debate. This paper advances an original model of amenities that work through household production instead of directly through utility. Area characteristics (amenities) affect household production, causing certain kinds of human capital investments to be rewarded more than others. Area heterogeneity thus makes such investments location-specific. This specificity - --along with a period of exogenous location - increases the opportunity costs of moving, diminishes migration flows between dissimilar locations and increases valuation of amenities that were present in the originating area. These theoretical results emphasize people's sorting across areas and thus differ from the results of the standard model of compensating differentials. Empirical tests of the model's predictions using NLSY79 data show that childhood investments affect migration flows in the way proposed by the model.
Download or read book Location specific Human Capital written by Douglas James Krupka and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Region specific Human Capital on Migration written by Adriaan H. Dierx and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Migration and the Transfer of Informal Human Capital written by Izabela Grabowska and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-01-10 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the intangible human capital which international migrants bring with them and develop further when working and living abroad, drawing on case studies and original data from Central Europe and Mexico–USA. The book demonstrates that despite the fact that many international migrants might be working in their destination countries at a level below their formal qualifications, or else might be formally unskilled, but with practical non-validated skills, they can still acquire and enhance considerable informal human capital in the form of mind skills, soft skills, maker skills and life skills. The book analyses how migration-impacted informal human capital (MigCap) is acquired and enhanced as a result of international migration and what the opportunity and constraint structures are for their acquisitions and transfers. Adopting a comprehensive perspective, the book investigates how migration-impacted informal human capital is transferred by migrants between localities and areas of human actions and activities. Moving beyond the focus on migration as a source of economic capital, this book demonstrates that learning by observing, communicating and doing with others, embedded in social relations can facilitate the enhancement of intangible human capital among both skilled and unskilled migrants. It will be of interest to researchers of migration, sociology, economics, management and business studies, and other related social science disciplines.
Download or read book Migration and Human Capital written by Jacques Poot and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world, migration is an increasingly important and diverse component of population change, both at national and sub-national levels. Migration impacts on the distribution of knowledge and generates externalities and spillover effects. This book focuses on recent models and methods for analysing and forecasting migration, as well as on the basic trends, driving factors and institutional settings behind migration processes. Migration and Human Capital also looks at many current policy issues regarding migration, such as the creative class in metropolitan areas, the brain drain, regional diversity, population ageing, illegal immigration, ethnic networks and immigrant assimilation. With specific reference to Europe and North America, the book reviews and applies models of internal migration; analyses the spatial concentration of human capital; considers migration in a family context; and addresses the political economy of international migration. This book will be invaluable for researchers and policy makers in the fields of internal and international migration. It provides up-to-date readings for advanced courses that focus on migration and population change in a global context.
Download or read book Human Capital Flight written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-12-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the impact of government tax and subsidy policy on immigration of human capital and the effect of such immigration on growth and incomes. In the context of a two-country endogenous growth model with heterogeneous agents and human capital accumulation, we argue that human capital flight or “brain drain” arising out of wage differentials, say because of differences in income tax rates or technology, can bring about a reduction in the steady state growth rate of the country of emigration. Additionally, permanent difference in the growth rates as well as incomes between the two countries can occur making convergence unlikely. While in a closed economy, tax-financed increases in subsidy to education can have a positive effect on growth, such a policy can have a negative effect on growth when human capital flight is taking place. Since subsidizing higher education is more likely to induce substantial brain drain, it is likely to be inferior to subsidy to lower levels of education if growth is to be increased.
Download or read book Essays on Human Capital Externalities and Migration written by Junjie Guo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three chapters of my dissertation explore the role of human capital externalities in accounting for the geographic variation in both wage level and wage growth, and the role of search capital in understanding the patterns of interstate migration in the US. Chapter 1 shows that wage grows faster with experience in labor markets with larger shares of college-educated workers (college share). An instrumental variable and panel data with individual fixed effects are used to address the potential endogeneity of college share and the sorting of workers across labor markets respectively. The effect of the college share of a labor market is shown to persist after workers leave the market, suggesting that a larger college share raises returns to experience through the accumulation of human capital valuable in all markets. In chapter 2, using measures of Compulsory Schooling Laws as instruments for state average schooling, we find that one more year of average schooling leads to a 6-8% increase in individual wages. The effect is statistically significant and robust to different specifications. We construct a model where the average human capital of an economy is allowed to affect the productivity of a typical firm in the economy. We estimate that the elasticity of a firm's productivity with respect to the average human capital of the economy is around 0.121. Chapter 3 builds a model of job search and migration with search capital to understand two major patterns of interstate migration in the US: (1) Around 90% of migrants move in order to take a new job or for job transfer rather than to look for work, and (2) over half of all moves are repeated and return migration. The model allows workers to receive job offers from all locations in the economy and to accumulate search capital that increases the location-specific job arrival rate. The model explains both migration patterns under reasonable parameters.
Download or read book Migration Remittances Poverty and Human Capital written by David McKenzie and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews common challenges faced by researchers interested in measuring the impact of migration and remittances on income, poverty, inequality, and human capital (or, in general, "welfare") as well as difficulties confronting development practitioners in converting this research into policy advice. On the analytical side, the paper discusses the proper formulation of a research question, the choice of the analytical tools, as well as the interpretation of the results in the presence of pervasive endogeneity in all decisions surrounding migration. Particular attention is given to the use of instrumental variables in migration research. On the policy side, the paper argues that the private nature of migration and remittances implies a need to carefully spell out the rationale for interventions. It also notices the lack of good migration data and proper evaluations of migration-related government policies. The paper focuses mainly on microeconomic evidence about international migration, but much of the discussion extends to other settings as well.
Download or read book Essays on Human Capital Externalities and Migration written by Junjie Guo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three chapters of my dissertation explore the role of human capital externalities in accounting for the geographic variation in both wage level and wage growth, and the role of search capital in understanding the patterns of interstate migration in the US. Chapter 1 shows that wage grows faster with experience in labor markets with larger shares of college-educated workers (college share). An instrumental variable and panel data with individual fixed effects are used to address the potential endogeneity of college share and the sorting of workers across labor markets respectively. The effect of the college share of a labor market is shown to persist after workers leave the market, suggesting that a larger college share raises returns to experience through the accumulation of human capital valuable in all markets. In chapter 2, using measures of Compulsory Schooling Laws as instruments for state average schooling, we find that one more year of average schooling leads to a 6-8% increase in individual wages. The effect is statistically significant and robust to different specifications. We construct a model where the average human capital of an economy is allowed to affect the productivity of a typical firm in the economy. We estimate that the elasticity of a firm's productivity with respect to the average human capital of the economy is around 0.121. Chapter 3 builds a model of job search and migration with search capital to understand two major patterns of interstate migration in the US: (1) Around 90% of migrants move in order to take a new job or for job transfer rather than to look for work, and (2) over half of all moves are repeated and return migration. The model allows workers to receive job offers from all locations in the economy and to accumulate search capital that increases the location-specific job arrival rate. The model explains both migration patterns under reasonable parameters.
Download or read book Migration Human Capital and Development written by Oded Stark and published by JAI Press(NY). This book was released on 1986 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research papers, migration, human capital, economic and social development, theory, Southern Africa, Mexico, USA - labour market, transferable skill, return migration, trade, international migration, brain drain, temporary workers, unskilled workers, skilled workers, irregular migrants, home country, host country, wage differential, miners, agricultural development, rural migration, urbanization, household, family, information source, decision making. Graphs, references, statistical tables. ILO mentioned.
Download or read book Trade and Human Capital Accumulation written by Dörte Dömeland and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides empirical evidence that trade increases on-the-job human capital accumulation by estimating the effect of home country openness on estimated returns to home country experience of U.S. immigrants. The positive effect of trade on on-the-job human capital accumulation remains significant when controlling for GDP, educational attainment, and institutional quality. It is not the result of self-selection, heterogeneity in returns to experience, English-speaking origin, or cultural background. The effect persists when restricting the sample to non-OECD countries, thereby resolving the theoretical ambiguity of whether trade increases or decreases learning-by-doing. The role of trade in generating economic growth is therefore likely to be more important than generally considered.
Download or read book Human Capital Investment written by Harriet Duleep and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-28 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1965, a family-reunification policy for admitting immigrants to the United States replaced a system that chose immigrants based on their national origin. With this change, a 40-year hiatus in Asian immigration ended. Today, over three-quarters of US immigrants originate from Asia and Latin America. Two issues that dominate discussions of US immigration policy are the progress of post-reform immigrants and their contributions to the US economy. This book focuses on the earnings and human capital investment of Asian immigrants to the US after 1965. In addition, it provides a primer on studying immigrant economic assimilation, by explaining economists’ methodology to measure immigrant earnings growth and the challenges with this approach. The book also illustrates strategies to more fully use census data such as how to measure family income and how to use “panel data” that is embedded in the census. The book is a historical study as well as an extremely timely work from a policy angle. The passage of the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act set the United States apart among economically developed countries due to the weight given to family unification. Based on analyses by economists—which suggest that the quality of immigrants to the US fell after the 1965 law—policymakers have called for fundamental changes in the US system to align it with the immigration systems of other countries. This book offers an alternative view point by proposing a richer model that incorporates investments in human capital by immigrants and their families. It challenges the conventional model in three ways: First, it views the decline in immigrants’ entry earnings after 1965 as due to investment in human capital, not to permanently lower “quality.” Second, it adds human capital investment and earnings growth after entry to the model. And finally, by taking investments by family members into account, it challenges the policy recommendation that immigrants should be selected for their occupational qualifications rather than family connections.
Download or read book International Migration Immobility and Development written by Tomas Hammar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-01-08 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of international migration and ethnic relations is rapidly expanding in the social sciences, in the humanities, and in law and medicine at universities around the world. Theories and methods are borrowed from many disciplines, but with little cross-fertilization, thereby leaving many core issues out. This authoritative book fills a gap by providing an expertly integrated overview of international migration from a wide range of disciplinary perspectives. Throughout the book, South to North migration is used as the main example.The authors, leading experts in their fields, ask provocative new questions such as the counterfactual, `Why do people not migrate?' and address old questions in fresh ways in a language accessible for students in a range of disciplines. Does migration from less developed countries stimulate or obstruct development? Does development reduce or increase the flows of migration? What are the dynamics of a migration process? Geography, economics, political science, social anthropology and sociology all inform this book, which is certain to become an established text in migration studies.
Download or read book Human Capital Inter firm Mobility and Organizational Evolution written by Johannes M. Pennings and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering and innovative analysis of how the social organization of talent and the mobility of talent shape entrepreneurial activity, the spread of organizational innovations, the incidence of mergers and acquisitions and the demise of organizations. A must read for students of organizations, strategy and human resource management. Hayagreeva Rao, Stanford University, US In this book, Pennings and Wezel address a neglected topic in organizational theory: the links between individual behaviors and organizational outcomes. Their study. . . demonstrates how individual careers affect organizational founding, competitiveness, and survival, and provides rich insights on the role of human capital in professional partnerships. It offers a new perspective backed by solid reasoning and evidence. Henrich R. Greve, Norwegian School of Management, Norway The authors of this fascinating and original work contend that by analysing the conduct of organization members, a great deal can be learnt about firm behaviour and about the cooperative and competitive forces that underlie industry evolution. The empirical chapters in this volume are preceded by a conceptual overview of macro-organizational theories that explicitly bring in the role of individual actions. A rich set of studies carried out in the Dutch accounting sector is used to illustrate that changes in competitive positioning and behaviour are triggered by employee actions including advancement and defection to competitors. New insights on entrepreneurship, mergers and acquisitions and organizational dissolution further develop the multi-level focus of the set of studies presented here. The book aims at stimulating intellectual debate on the role of migration of human and social capital through inter-firm mobility and will provide a fascinating read for academics, researchers, students and practitioners with an interest in organizational theory, strategic management and human resource management.
Download or read book The Migration of Indian Human Capital written by Faizal bin Yahya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-12-03 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the trends and motivations of human capital flows from India into this region. Focusing in particular on Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Thailand, the book provides an analysis of Indian labour in a variety of sectors, including information technology (IT) sector, academia, banking, oil and gas. Based on empirical data, the book provides an analysis of current trends in the flow of human capital from India to Southeast Asia.
Download or read book International Migration and Knowledge written by Allan Williams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenges pre-conceived views and argues the need to understand that all international migrants are potentially knowledge carriers and learners, and that they play an essential role in the globalization of knowledge transactions.
