Download or read book Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti 6Al 4V Manufactured by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion written by Karthikeyan Thalavai Pandian and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electron Beam Additively Manufactured Ti6Al4V with Powder Reuse written by Taehoon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal additive manufacturing has many advantages such as low material waste, unlimited design complexity, and its cost-effectiveness as a near-net-shape process. It has been applied to many materials, but especially for the fabrication of Ti6Al4V components due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength to weight ratio, and biocompatibility. Among a variety of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, especially powder bed fusion systems, electron beam melting (EBM) has been extensively investigated because of its lower thermal stress in parts compared to Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and high density of parts produced. However, there are limited investigations related to heat treatment as a post-processing technique with powder reuse in EBM AM of Ti6Al4V over consecutive builds for the comparison of microstructure and mechanical properties. Therefore, this research analyzed the effects of heat treatment with powder reuse over 30 build cycles to identify the changes in microstructures and mechanical properties of Grade 5 Ti6Al4V. EBM printed samples were analyzed by tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. Heat treatment was conducted with sub (710°C) near (950°C) and super (1050°C) beta-transus temperature. As a result of these heat treatments, the alpha lath thickness increased, which caused a reduction in strength and an increase in ductility. Metal subjected to the near beta-transus temperature heat treatment (950°C/1hr) exhibited the best ductility among other heat treatments. The sub beta-transus temperature did not show any difference when compared to the as-built samples, whereas the super beta-transus heat treatment caused a decrease in both the strength and ductility. Through microstructural analysis, sub beta-transus heat treatment showed the same microstructure as as-built samples (prior beta columnar grains with alpha lath). The near beta-transus heat treatment caused coarsening of the alpha lath, whereas the super beta-transus heat treatment caused recrystallization to uniform equiaxed structure with alpha grain boundaries. The super beta-transus heat treatment and corresponding equiaxed grain microstructure caused a change in fracture mode from transcrystalline to intercrystalline. In addition to the use of the near beta-transus heat treatment, the controlling cooling rate is an important factor in obtaining the optimum tensile properties. Regarding powder reuse, there was an increase in the oxygen content, which contributed to the alpha lath thickness and the tensile properties. Lastly, heat treatment and post-build machining the samples appeared to improve the reliability of the Ti6Al4V produced by EBM AM.

Download or read book Philosophy of Nature written by Paul K. Feyerabend and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosopher, physicist, and anarchist Paul Feyerabend was one of the most unconventional scholars of his time. His book Against Method has become a modern classic. Yet it is not well known that Feyerabend spent many years working on a philosophy of nature that was intended to comprise three volumes covering the period from the earliest traces of stone age cave paintings to the atomic physics of the 20th century – a project that, as he conveyed in a letter to Imre Lakatos, almost drove him nuts: “Damn the ,Naturphilosophie.” The book’s manuscript was long believed to have been lost. Recently, however, a typescript constituting the first volume of the project was unexpectedly discovered at the University of Konstanz. In this volume Feyerabend explores the significance of myths for the early period of natural philosophy, as well as the transition from Homer’s “aggregate universe” to Parmenides’ uniform ontology. He focuses on the rise of rationalism in Greek antiquity, which he considers a disastrous development, and the associated separation of man from nature. Thus Feyerabend explores the prehistory of science in his familiar polemical and extraordinarily learned manner. The volume contains numerous pictures and drawings by Feyerabend himself. It also contains hitherto unpublished biographical material that will help to round up our overall image of one of the most influential radical philosophers of the twentieth century.

Download or read book Titanium written by Matthew J. Donachie and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2000 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to support the need of engineering, management, and other professionals for information on titanium by providing an overview of the major topics, this book provides a concise summary of the most useful information required to understand titanium and its alloys. The author provides a review of the significant features of the metallurgy and application of titanium and its alloys. All technical aspects of the use of titanium are covered, with sufficient metals property data for most users. Because of its unique density, corrosion resistance, and relative strength advantages over competing materials such as aluminum, steels, and superalloys, titanium has found a niche in many industries. Much of this use has occurred through military research, and subsequent applications in aircraft, of gas turbine engines, although more recent use features replacement joints, golf clubs, and bicycles.Contents include: A primer on titanium and its alloys, Introduction to selection of titanium alloys, Understanding titanium's metallurgy and mill products, Forging and forming, Castings, Powder metallurgy, Heat treating, Joining technology and practice, Machining, Cleaning and finishing, Structure/processing/property relationships, Corrosion resistance, Advanced alloys and future directions, Appendices: Summary table of titanium alloys, Titanium alloy datasheets, Cross-reference to titanium alloys, Listing of selected specification and standardization organizations, Selected manufacturers, suppliers, services, Corrosion data, Machining data.

Download or read book Titanium and Titanium Alloys written by Christoph Leyens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an excellent reference for materials scientists and engineers needing to gain more knowledge about these engineering materials. Following introductory chapters on the fundamental materials properties of titanium, readers will find comprehensive descriptions of the development, processing and properties of modern titanium alloys. There then follows detailed discussion of the applications of titanium and its alloys in aerospace, medicine, energy and automotive technology.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys written by Bhaskar Dutta and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys: State of the Art, Challenges and Opportunities provides alternative methods to the conventional approach for the fabrication of the majority of titanium components produced via the cast and wrought technique, a process which involves a considerable amount of expensive machining. In contrast, the Additive Manufacturing (AM) approach allows very close to final part configuration to be directly fabricated minimizing machining cost, while achieving mechanical properties at least at cast and wrought levels. In addition, the book offers the benefit of significant savings through better material utilization for parts with high buy-to-fly ratios (ratio of initial stock mass to final part mass before and after manufacturing). As titanium additive manufacturing has attracted considerable attention from both academicians and technologists, and has already led to many applications in aerospace and terrestrial systems, as well as in the medical industry, this book explores the unique shape making capabilities and attractive mechanical properties which make titanium an ideal material for the additive manufacturing industry. Includes coverage of the fundamentals of microstructural evolution in titanium alloys Introduces readers to the various Additive Manufacturing Technologies, such as Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Looks at the future of Titanium Additive Manufacturing Provides a complete review of the science, technology, and applications of Titanium Additive Manufacturing (AM)

Download or read book Effects of the Microstructure and Porosity on Properties of Ti 6Al 4V ELI Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting EBM written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is a metal powder bed-based Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology that makes possible the fabrication of three dimensional near-net-shaped parts directly from computer models. EBM technology has been in continuously updating, obtaining optimized properties of the processed alloys. Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is the most widely used and studied alloy for this technology and is the focus of this work. Several research works have been completed to study the mechanisms of microstructure formation as well as its influence on mechanical properties. However, the relationship is not completely understood, and more systematic research work is necessary in order to attain a better understanding of these features. In this work, samples fabricated at different locations, orientations, and distances from the build platform have been characterized, studying the relationship of these variables with the resulting material intrinsic characteristics and properties (surface topography, microstructure, porosity, micro-hardness and static mechanical properties). This study has revealed that porosity is the main factor controlling mechanical properties relative to the other studied variables. Therefore, in future process developments, decreasing of the porosity should be considered as the primary goal in order to improve mechanical properties.

Download or read book Titanium in Medical and Dental Applications written by Francis Froes and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium in Medical and Dental Applications is an essential reference book for those involved in biomedical materials and advanced metals. Written by well-known experts in the field, it covers a broad array of titanium uses, including implants, instruments, devices, the manufacturing processes used to create them, their properties, corrosion resistance and various fabrication approaches. Biomedical titanium materials are a critically important part of biomaterials, especially in cases where non-metallic biomedical materials are not suited to applications, such as the case of load-bearing implants. The book also covers the use of titanium for implants in the medical and dental fields and reviews the use of titanium for medical instruments and devices. Provides an understanding of the essential and broad applications of Titanium in both the medical and dental industries Discusses the pathways to manufacturing titanium into critical biomedical and dental devices Includes insights into further applications within the industry

Download or read book Additive Friction Stir Deposition written by Hang Z. Yu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-07-19 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive Friction Stir Deposition is a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art understanding on this emerging solid-state additive manufacturing technology. Sections cover additive friction stir deposition, encompassing advances in processing science, metallurgical science and innovative applications. The book presents a clear description of underlying physical phenomena, shows how the process determines the printing quality, covers resultant microstructure and properties in the as-printed state, highlights its key capabilities and limitations, and explores niche applications in repair, cladding and multi-material 3D printing. Serving as an educational and research guide, this book aims to provide a holistic picture of additive friction stir deposition-based solid-state additive manufacturing as well as a thorough comparison to conventional beam-based metal additive manufacturing, such as powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition. Provides a clear process description of additive friction stir deposition and highlights key capabilities Summarizes the current research and application of additive friction stir deposition, including material flow, microstructure evolution, repair and dissimilar material cladding Discusses future applications and areas of research for this technology

Download or read book Dissimilar Metal Welding written by Pierpaolo Carlone and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-12-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of distinct materials is a key issue in modern industry, whereas the driving concept is to design parts with the right material in the right place. In this framework, a great deal of attention is directed towards dissimilar welding and joining technologies. In the automotive sector, for instance, the concept of “tailored blanks”, introduced in the last decade, has further highlighted the necessity to weld dissimilar materials. As far as the aeronautic field is concerned, most structures are built combining very different materials and alloys, in order to match lightweight and structural performance requirements. In this framework, the application of fusion welding techniques, namely, tungsten inert gas or laser welding, is quite challenging due to the difference in physical properties, in particular the melting point, between adjoining materials. On the other hand, solid-state welding methods, such as the friction stir welding as well as linear friction welding processes, have already proved to be capable of manufacturing sound Al-Cu, Al-Ti, Al-SS, and Al-Mg joints, to cite but a few. Recently, promising results have also been obtained using hybrid methods. Considering the novelty of the topic, many relevant issues are still open, and many research groups are continuously publishing valuable results. The aim of this book is to finalize the latest contributions on this topic.

Download or read book Build Orientation Part Size Geometry and Scan Path Influence on the Microstructure and Fatigue Life of Ti 6Al 4V Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting written by Andrew Harrison Chern and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron beam melting (EBM), a powder bed fusion process, is a rapidly-developing metal additive manufacturing method that allows for fabrication of complex geometries directly from a computer file that would be difficult or impossible to fabricate by traditional methods. EBM holds significant interest in the aerospace industry for the high-strength titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V, because of its promising opportunity to reduce buy-to-fly ratios. However, a fundamental understanding of the fatigue-damage tolerance, underlying mechanisms, and impact of processing conditions is required for use of EBM fabrication of critical flight components. To investigate how the EBM process affects components, different parameters were varied and the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties were characterized using 4-point bend fatigue tests, tensile tests, Vickers microhardness indentations, scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy. The orientation, scan path, and surface finish were varied and the effects on microstructure, tensile properties, and fatigue behavior are reported and discussed. As expected, the surface roughness left by the EBM fabrication adversely impacts the fatigue behavior and sufficient machining is required to remove all surface roughness effects. It was discovered that the build orientation affects the tensile ductility and fatigue life, but the strength and hardness are largely independent of orientation. The EBM Ti-6Al-4V shows similar fatigue life to conventional material, but is limited by porosity defects. The altered processing parameters affected the fatigue behavior, but promising results indicate that EBM can be a viable manufacturing method for flight critical components.

Download or read book Aluminum Alloys Contemporary Research and Applications written by A. K. Vasudevan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the structure and properties of the current and potential aluminum alloys in terms of their structure (and structural transformations by new processing methods) and the relationship between structure and mechanical and other properties. The alternative materials that challenge aluminum are considered as well, since the challenge of new competitive materials is a strong influence on innovation. The book bridges the gap between current scientific understanding and engineering practice. It is an up-to-date reference that will be of use to researchers and advanced students in metallurgy and materials engineering.

Download or read book Computational Welding Mechanics written by John A. Goldak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-04 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Welding Mechanics (CWM) provides readers with a complete introduction to the principles and applications of computational welding including coverage of the methods engineers and designers are using in computational welding mechanics to predict distortion and residual stress in welded structures, thereby creating safer, more reliable and lower cost structures. Drawing upon years of practical experience and the study of computational welding mechanics the authors instruct the reader how to: - understand and interpret computer simulation and virtual welding techniques including an in depth analysis of heat flow during welding, microstructure evolution and distortion analysis and fracture of welded structures, - relate CWM to the processes of design, build, inspect, regulate, operate and maintain welded structures, - apply computational welding mechanics to industries such as ship building, natural gas and automobile manufacturing. Ideally suited for practicing engineers and engineering students, Computational Welding Mechanics is a must-have book for understanding welded structures and recent technological advances in welding, and it provides a unified summary of recent research results contributed by other researchers.

Download or read book Titanium Alloys written by W Sha and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given their growing importance in the aerospace, automotive, sports and medical sectors, modelling the microstructure and properties of titanium and its alloys is a vital part of research into the development of new applications. This is the first time a book has been dedicated to modelling techniques for titanium.Part one discusses experimental techniques such as microscopy, synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Part two reviews physical modelling methods including thermodynamic modelling, the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami method, finite element modelling, the phase-field method, the cellular automata method, crystallographic and fracture behaviour of titanium aluminide and atomistic simulations of interfaces and dislocations relevant to TiAl. Part three covers neural network models and Part four examines surface engineering products. These include surface nitriding: phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, morphology and corrosion; nitriding: modelling of hardness profiles and kinetics; and aluminising: fabrication of Ti coatings by mechanical alloying.With its distinguished authors, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications is a standard reference for industry and researchers concerned with titanium modelling, as well as users of titanium, titanium alloys and titanium aluminide in the aerospace, automotive, sports and medical implant sectors. Comprehensively assesses modelling techniques for titanium, including experimental techniques such as microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry Reviews physical modelling methods including thermodynamic modelling and finite element modelling Examines surface engineering products with specific chapters focused on surface nitriding and aluminising

Download or read book Titanium Alloys written by Maciej Motyka and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium alloys, due to unique physical and chemical properties (mainly high relative strength combined with very good corrosion resistance), are considered as an important structural metallic material used in hi-tech industries (e.g. aerospace, space technology). This book provides information on new manufacturing and processing methods of single- and two-phase titanium alloys. The eight chapters of this book are distributed over four sections. The first section (Introduction) indicates the main factors determining application areas of titanium and its alloys. The second section (Manufacturing, two chapters) concerns modern production methods for titanium and its alloys. The third section (Thermomechanical and surface treatment, three chapters) covers problems of thermomechanical processing and surface treatment used for single- and two-phase titanium alloys. The fourth section (Machining, two chapters) describes the recent results of high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the possibility of application of sustainable machining for titanium alloys.

Download or read book Metal Additive Manufacturing written by Dyuti Sarker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-10-26 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: METAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING A comprehensive review of additive manufacturing processes for metallic structures Additive Manufacturing (AM)—also commonly referred to as 3D printing—builds three-dimensional objects by adding materials layer by layer. Recent years have seen unprecedented investment in additive manufacturing research and development by governments and corporations worldwide. This technology has the potential to replace many conventional manufacturing processes, enable the development of new industry practices, and transform the entire manufacturing enterprise. Metal Additive Manufacturing provides an up-to-date review of all essential physics of metal additive manufacturing techniques with emphasis on both laser-based and non-laser-based additive manufacturing processes. This comprehensive volume covers fundamental processes and equipment, governing physics and modelling, design and topology optimization, and more. The text adresses introductory, intermediate, and advanced topics ranging from basic additive manufacturing process classification to practical and material design aspects of additive manufacturability. Written by a panel of expert authors in the field, this authoritative resource: Provides a thorough analysis of AM processes and their theoretical foundations Explains the classification, advantages, and applications of AM processes Describes the equipment required for different AM processes for metallic structures, including laser technologies, positioning devices, feeder and spreader mechanisms, and CAD software Discusses the opportunities, challenges, and current and emerging trends within the field Covers practical considerations, including design for AM, safety, quality assurance, automation, and real-time control of AM processes Includes illustrative cases studies and numerous figures and tables Featuring material drawn from the lead author’s research and professional experience on laser additive manufacturing, Metal Additive Manufacturing is an important source for manufacturing professionals, research and development engineers in the additive industry, and students and researchers involved in mechanical, mechatronics, automatic control, and materials engineering and science.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of Metals The Technology Materials Design and Production written by Li Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique guide to the three-dimensional (3D) printing of metals. It covers various aspects of additive, subtractive, and joining processes used to form three-dimensional parts with applications ranging from prototyping to production. Examining a variety of manufacturing technologies and their ability to produce both prototypes and functional production-quality parts, the individual chapters address metal components and discuss some of the important research challenges associated with the use of these technologies. As well as exploring the latest technologies currently under development, the book features unique sections on electron beam melting technology, material lifting, and the importance this science has in the engineering context. Presenting unique real-life case studies from industry, this book is also the first to offer the perspective of engineers who work in the field of aerospace and transportation systems, and who design components and manufacturing networks. Written by the leading experts in this field at universities and in industry, it provides a comprehensive textbook for students and an invaluable guide for practitioners