Download or read book Microsatellite Genetic Diversity of Northern Red Oak Quercus Rubra L in Western North Carolina Pre and Post chestnut Blight and Pre and Post harvest written by Stephanie Quinet Grant and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chestnut and the Chestnut Blight in North Carolina written by North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NEUTRAL AND ADAPTIVE GENETIC VARIATION IN NORTH AMERICAN HARDWOOD TREE SPECIES written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : 'Northern Hardwoods,' are a characteristic composition of multiple tree species and a part of the rich and diverse northeastern forests. Hardwoods e.g. oaks (Quercus: Fagaceae and Sugar maple), serve as foundation species and offer ecological and economical gains to wildlife and humans. Most of the forest trees go through many biotic and abiotic stresses, for example climate change in their long life span. To overcome these threats and to adapt to changing conditions, tree species need to maintain variation especially in adaptive genes. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze genetic diversity within forest tree populations and take appropriate forest management practice decisions. Genetic tools, such as microsatellite markers developed using next generation DNA sequencing technologies, can be used to address these challenges. Here we report the development of nuclear microsatellite markers in one of the most important hardwood tree species, sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) (Chapter II). We also use genic microsatellite markers to study the introgression patterns of adaptive alleles in two interfertile red oak species, Quercus rubra and Quercus ellipsoidalis (Chapter III). Using the paired-end low coverage Illumina sequencing technology, we developed a set of seven nuclear microsatellite markers (nSSRs) in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). Initially, we screened 96 markers in a panel of six unrelated individuals, out of which seven markers produced polymorphic PCR products. These markers were utilized to analyze genetic variation and gene flow in one sugar maple population in an urban setting consisting of 48 individuals. Additionally, 96 seeds from one open pollinated adult tree were used for the gene flow analysis. In addition to these seven markers, we also tested six previously published microsatellites. Paternity analyses displayed effective dispersal of pollen in the sugar maple population with 76% of gene flow from outside the stand. There was no fine-scale genetic structure observed in this population, which also suggested effective dispersal of both seeds and pollen. To check the transferability of these markers to other Acer species, four individuals from each species of Acer rubrum L., Acer saccharinum L., Acer platanoides L., and Acer ginnala Maxim. were tested at these markers. All markers amplified PCR products in these four species. However, only two markers, AS47 and SM37, were locus-specific and polymorphic in one species (A. ginnala). These markers can serve as an important tool to study genetic variation patterns in sugar maple populations in the face of climate change. Quercus rubra L. and Q. ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill are two interfertile red oak species with different adaptations to drought. I have studied the introgression of adaptive microsatellite alleles at a CONSTANS-Like gene (COL) as a response to micro-environment between these two hybridizing species in two sympatric populations. My results indicated that divergent selection in contrasting environments resulted in high interspecific differentiation at COL. However, interspecific differentiation was lower in sympatric stands, where both species occur in similar environments. The introgression of allele 138 from Q. ellipsoidalis into Q. rubra was higher compared to introgression of allele 141 from Q. rubra into Q. ellipsoidalis in contrast to earlier studies in parapatric populations. My results suggest that the introgression of adaptive genes between two red oak species is strongly affected by environmental selection.
Download or read book Rangewide Population Genetics and Genomics of Quercus Rubra L written by Daniel S. Borkowski and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book THE STATE OF THE WORLD s FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication was prepared based on information provided by 86 countries, outcomes from regional and subregional consultations and commissioned thematic studies. It includes: •an overview of definitions and concepts related to Forest Genetic Resources (FGR) and a review of their value; •a description of the main drivers of changes; •the presentation of key emerging technologies; •an analysis of the current status of FGR conservation, use and related developments; •recommendations addressing the challenges and needs. By the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
Download or read book Poplars and Willows written by Jud G. Isebrands and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poplars and willows form an important component of forestry and agricultural systems, providing a wide range of wood and non-wood products. This book synthesizes research on poplars and willows, providing a practical worldwide overview and guide to their basic characteristics, cultivation and use, issues, problems and trends. Prominence is given to environmental benefits and the importance of poplar and willow cultivation in meeting the needs of people and communities, sustainable livelihoods, land use and development.
Download or read book Forest Nursery Pests written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Restoration of Boreal and Temperate Forests written by John A. Stanturf and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans have influenced the landscapes and forests throughout the temperate and boreal zones for millennia. Restoration of Boreal and Temperate Forests, Second Edition focuses on the negative impact of human activity, and explains the importance of forest restoration as a way to repair habitat, restore forest structure and function, and counteract t
Download or read book North American Agroforestry written by Harold E. Gene Garrett and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North American Agroforestry Explore the many benefits of alternative land-use systems with this incisive resource Humanity has become a victim of its own success. While we’ve managed to meet the needs—to one extent or another—of a large portion of the human population, we’ve often done so by ignoring the health of the natural environment we rely on to sustain our planet. And by deteriorating the quality of our air, water, and land, we’ve put into motion consequences we’ll be dealing with for generations. In the newly revised Third Edition of North American Agroforestry, an expert team of researchers delivers an authoritative and insightful exploration of an alternative land-use system that exploits the positive interactions between trees and crops when they are grown together and bridges the gap between production agriculture and natural resource management. This latest edition includes new material on urban food forests, as well as the air and soil quality benefits of agroforestry, agroforestry’s relevance in the Mexican context, and agroforestry training and education. The book also offers: A thorough introduction to the development of agroforestry as an integrated land use management strategy Comprehensive explorations of agroforestry nomenclature, concepts, and practices, as well as an agroecological foundation for temperate agroforestry Practical discussions of tree-crop interactions in temperate agroforestry, including in systems such as windbreak practices, silvopasture practices, and alley cropping practices In-depth examinations of vegetative environmental buffers for air and water quality benefits, agroforestry for wildlife habitat, agroforestry at the landscape level, and the impact of agroforestry on soil health Perfect for environmental scientists, natural resource professionals and ecologists, North American Agroforestry will also earn a place in the libraries of students and scholars of agricultural sciences interested in the potential benefits of agroforestry.
Download or read book The Red List of US Oaks written by Diana Jerome and published by . This book was released on 2017-08 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Red List of US Oaks is a summary of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species assessments for all 91 species of Quercus in the United States.
Download or read book Forest Genomics and Biotechnology written by Isabel Allona and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Research Topic addresses research in genomics and biotechnology to improve the growth and quality of forest trees for wood, pulp, biorefineries and carbon capture. Forests are the world’s greatest repository of terrestrial biomass and biodiversity. Forests serve critical ecological services, supporting the preservation of fauna and flora, and water resources. Planted forests also offer a renewable source of timber, for pulp and paper production, and the biorefinery. Despite their fundamental role for society, thousands of hectares of forests are lost annually due to deforestation, pests, pathogens and urban development. As a consequence, there is an increasing need to develop trees that are more productive under lower inputs, while understanding how they adapt to the environment and respond to biotic and abiotic stress. Forest genomics and biotechnology, disciplines that study the genetic composition of trees and the methods required to modify them, began over a quarter of a century ago with the development of the first genetic maps and establishment of early methods of genetic transformation. Since then, genomics and biotechnology have impacted all research areas of forestry. Genome analyses of tree populations have uncovered genes involved in adaptation and response to biotic and abiotic stress. Genes that regulate growth and development have been identified, and in many cases their mechanisms of action have been described. Genetic transformation is now widely used to understand the roles of genes and to develop germplasm that is more suitable for commercial tree plantations. However, in contrast to many annual crops that have benefited from centuries of domestication and extensive genomic and biotechnology research, in forestry the field is still in its infancy. Thus, tremendous opportunities remain unexplored. This Research Topic aims to briefly summarize recent findings, to discuss long-term goals and to think ahead about future developments and how this can be applied to improve growth and quality of forest trees.
Download or read book Growing Plantation Forests written by P. W. West and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the scientific principles that are used throughout the world to ensure the rapid, healthy growth of forest plantations. As the population of the world increases so does the amount of wood people use. Large areas of natural forests are being cleared every year and converted to other uses. Almost as large an area of plantation forests is being established annually to replace those lost natural forests. Eventually, plantations will produce a large proportion of the wood used around the world for firewood, building, the manufacture of paper and bioenergy. Forest plantations can also provide various environmental benefits including carbon storage, rehabilitation of degraded land, serving as disposal sites for various forms of industrial or agricultural waste and enhancing biodiversity in regions that have been largely cleared for agriculture. Whatever their motivation, plantation forest growers want their plantations to be healthy and grow rapidly to achieve their purpose as soon as possible. This book discusses how this is done. It is written for a worldwide audience, from forestry professionals and scientists through to small plantation growers, and describes how plantations may be grown responsibly and profitably.
Download or read book Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems written by Timothy D. Paine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect and disease issues are often specific to the Mediterranean forest systems rather than shared with the temperate forests. In addition to the specific native insects and diseases, the forests are subject to the invasion of exotic species. The forests are also at risk from high degrees of human activity, including changing patterns of forest fires, land management activities, intensive plantation forestry using introduced timber species from other Mediterranean climate zones, and atmospheric deposition. Combined with elements of global climate change that may disproportionately affect Mediterranean climate systems, this creates a number of significant management issues that are unique to the Mediterranean forests. It is our goal that the information contained in this volume will contribute to understanding the unique aspects of Mediterranean forest systems and to protecting these critical resources.
Download or read book Ethnobotany written by Barbara M. Schmidt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnobotany: A Phytochemical Perspective explores the chemistry behind hundreds of plant medicines, dyes, fibers, flavors, poisons, insect repellants, and many other uses of botanicals. Bridging the gap between ethnobotany and chemistry, this book presents an introduction to botany, ethnobotany, and phytochemistry to clearly join these fields of study and highlight their importance in the discovery of botanical uses in modern industry and research. Part I. Ethnobotany, explores the history of plant exploration, current issues such as conservation and intellectual property rights, and a review of plant anatomy. An extensive section on plant taxonomy highlights particularly influential and economically important plants from across the plant kingdom. Part II. Phytochemistry, provides fundamentals of secondary metabolism, includes line drawings of biosynthetic pathways and chemical structures, and describes traditional and modern methods of plant extraction and analysis. The last section is devoted to the history of native plants and people and case studies on plants that changed the course of human history from five geographical regions: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Ocean. Throughout the entire book, vivid color photographs bring science to life, capturing the essence of human botanical knowledge and the beauty of the plant kingdom.
Download or read book Protocol for Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants written by Shri Mohan Jain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-05-23 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World population is increasing at an alarming rate and this has resulted in increasing tremendously the demand for tree products such as wood for construction materials, fuel and paper, fruits, oils and medicines etc. This has put immense pressure on the world’s supplies of trees and raw material to industry and will continue to do so as long as human population continues to grow. Also, the quality of human diet, especially nutritional components, is adversely affected due to limited genetic improvement of most of fruit trees. Thus there is an immediate need to increase productivity of trees. Improvement has been made through conventional breeding methods, however, conventional breeding is very slow due to long life cycle of trees. A basic strategy in tree improvement is to capture genetic gain through clonal propagation. Clonal propagation via organogenesis is being used for the production of selected elite individual trees. However, the methods are labour intensive, costly, and produce low volumes. Genetic gain can now be captured through somatic embryogenesis. Formation of embryos from somatic cells by a process resembling zygotic embryogenesis is one of the most important features of plants. In 1958, Reinert in Germany and Steward in USA independently reported somatic embryogenesis in carrot cultures. Since then, tremendous progress in somatic embryogenesis of woody and non-woody plants has taken place. It offers a potentially large-scale propagation system for superior clones.
Download or read book The Southern Pines written by Harold Scofield Betts and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology Global Insights and Investigations written by Peter Stiling, Dr. Ph.D. and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Stiling, co-author of Biology by Brooker et al., has introduced a new ecology text to the market. The main goal of this latest ecology text is to show how ecology is important in understanding global change. The book's main objective is to teach the basic principles of ecology and to relate these principles to many of the Earth's ecological problems. Users who purchase Connect Plus receive access to the full online ebook version of the textbook.
