Download or read book Microfabrication of Stimuli Responsive Polymers written by Chuanliang Feng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to interfacial reactions in confinement on stimuli-responsive homopolymer and diblock copolymer films. It also includes investigations concerning the immobilization of (bio)molecules and the fabrication of biomolecular patterns by reactive microcontact printing on these reactive polymer films. In turn, the book takes advantage of the microphase separation of diblock copolymer films to study the fabrication of nanopatterns, which could contribute to the future development of a model system that allows us to area-selectively deposit and address (bio)molecules. Given its scope, the book broadens readers’ perspective on the microfabrication of stimuli-responsive polymers.
Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Polymer Systems Recent Manufacturing Techniques and Applications written by Akif Kaynak and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimuli-responsive polymer systems can be defined as functional materials that show physical or chemical property changes in response to external stimuli such as temperature, radiation, chemical agents, pH, mechanical stress, and electric and magnetic fields. Recent developments in manufacturing techniques have facilitated the production of a wide range of stimuli-responsive polymer systems, such as micro- and nanoscale structures, with potential applications in soft sensors and actuators, smart textiles, soft robots, and artificial muscles. This book brings together the recent progress in manufacturing techniques, with particular emphasis on 3D and 4D printing and applications of stimuli-responsive polymer systems in biomedicine and soft robotics.
Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Polymers in Direct ink write Additive Manufacturing written by Amrita Basu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the world of manufacturing. The potential of thetechnology to construct any arbitrary architecture, reduce material cost and the need for an inventory is being widely explored by industry and academia alike. However, AM is currently restricted to processing polymers of "yester-years" which were developed to be amenable to a different set of manufacturing practices. While there has been a dramatic improvement in the hardware aspect of AM, material development still lags behind, limiting the possibilities of the technology. There has been a great effort by scientists to bring forward new materials for additive manufacturing and enable the technology to have a broad scope. One such example is stimuli- responsive polymers which respond to environmental cues. This thesis explores the development of new stimuli responsive materials for direct-ink write additive manufacturing, based on Pluronic F127, a commercially available triblock copolymer consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide). In the body of work reported here, the polymer has been used in combination with aqueous and ionic liquid solvents to form hydrogels and iongels which are used in direct-ink write 3D printing. The gels are shear responsive themselves and capable of undergoing photo-induced crosslinking to form a polymer network. The rheological requirements of inks for DIW 3D printing is studied in details and several parameters are identified to screen the 3D printability inks .The development of a new 3D printing technique called gel-in-gel printing is reported which facilitates using light sensitive and mechanically weak hydrogels for fabrication of complex architecture. To add functionality to 3D printable inks, the iongel inks are then combined with a spiropyran mechanophores to enable the development of force responsive inks which exhibit an optical signal when stressed. The viscoelastic properties of the gels and the mechanical properties of the final crosslinked network are investigated and conditions necessary for mechanochemical activation of embedded mechanophores are identified. In particular, a suite of inks with highly tunable final material properties were identified which could be used to enable multi-material 3D printing of dual shape morphing objects.
Download or read book Microsphere Aided Characterization of Stimuli Responsive Polymers written by Carlos Bello and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of the work presented in this book is to describe the fabrication and characterization of surface-anchored hydrogel microstructures. The structures are constructed from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), or poly(NIPAAm), which is a well-known thermoresponsive polymer that swells and contracts with changes in temperature. When patterned on a surface, these structures can experience a variety of shape changes induced by nonuniform swelling. Depending on the aspect ratio, patterns can, for instance buckle upon swelling and form wave-like patterns. Such structural changes replicate oscillatory motion of the smooth muscle cells and can be used to transport objects in microfluidics. The work, herein, describes methods of pattern production and introduces a new technique for characterizing local swelling in the patterns. In order to achieve the latter, fluorescent microspheres were embedded in hydrogel patterns and their positions were mapped in three-dimensions using confocal microscopy. The measurements permit, for the first time, swelling maps of the structures based on relative movements of the microspheres.
Download or read book Synthesis of New and Improved Stimuli Responsive Polymer Materials written by Erin Askounis and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimuli-responsive polymers are materials that undergo physical or chemical properties changes triggered by light, temperature, mechanical force, insertion of small molecules, electric fields, magnetic fields, or pH. Stimuli-responsive materials can be designed for a desired physical response, such as compression, shape change, or variable stiffness and have been used in coatings, sensors, drug delivery, self-healing, and mechanical actuators. Some stimuli-responsive materials utilize several trigger mechanisms to amplify and increase the resulting change in physical properties. For example, cellulose polymer nanocomposites exhibit stiffness changes triggered by both water and temperature to increase the modulus differential of the material. The modulus ranges from GPa range to the low MPa range with the assistance of the dual-stimuli technique. Although this modulus differential is large, for applications in biomaterials, the low-end modulus of the material must be in the kPa range to limit mechanical mismatch of an implant for practical use. Another category of stimuli-responsive materials is dielectric elastomer materials, electric-field responsive materials that expand and contract with an applied voltage. Rather than change stiffness, these materials change shape. When sandwiched between two compliant electrodes and an electric field is applied, the material is compressed by the attraction of the opposite charges formed on the electrodes. With electro-response, these materials are useful in soft robotics applications, however, commercially available dielectric elastomer materials require prestretching for high actuation performance and are incapable of molecular modification. Additionally, dielectric elastomers are difficult to process due to the crosslinked nature, a controlled synthetic approach to more precisely design molecular architectures is desired. Overall, these materials can be precisely tuned to respond to triggers based on the application requirements. Synthesizing and optimizing new stimuli- responsive materials that are precisely tuned opens the door for expanded applications in fields such as biomedicine or soft robotics. The research outlined in this dissertation focuses on the synthesis and fabrication of novel stimuli- responsive polymer materials to address challenges previously outlined. The main body of this dissertation describes new cellulose polymer composite materials with ultra-wide stiffness range, new dielectric elastomers with high actuation performance without prestretch, and new BAB triblock copolymers with variable stiffness. The first chapter surveys current stimuli-responsive polymer materials technology with a focus on thermo-responsive, photo-responsive, electro-responsive, and dual responsive materials. The second chapter outlines research aimed to increase the modulus differential in cellulose composite materials using a thermo-responsive variable stiffness polymer and cellulose microfibers. The resulting composite utilizes two stimuli, the first is temperature to soften the stiff polymer matrix by melting the crystalline segments to form a soft crosslinked polymer. The second stimulus is the addition of water, to nullify the reinforcing network formed by percolating cellulose fibers and further soften the material. The material exhibits an ultra wide modulus differential from 1 GPa down to 40 kPa stimulated by water and temperature. An ultra wide modulus range allows for further applications development with potential for biomedical devices. The third chapter outlines a new dielectric elastomer (DE) material that exhibits performance similar to commercially available materials in an aim to address the limitations of prestretching and to introduce DEs capable of modification. A bimodal interpenetrating crosslinked network was established by combining a short chain di-functional acrylate monomer with a long-chain high molecular weight di-functional acrylate monomer to form a material with mechanical properties similar to commercially available DEs. Additional mono-functional diluents were added to further tune the electro-mechanical properties and improve performance. The new DE exhibited maximum actuation strains near 200% and rapid response over 100% strain at 2 Hz. The new DE material exhibits performance higher than other synthetic dielectric elastomer and opens the door to optimization of DE materials for a new generation of polymer actuator materials. The fourth and last chapter of the main text presents a comparison study of three different length BAB triblock copolymers in an aim to synthesize a triblock copolymer for use as a bistable electroactive polymer (BSEP). BSEP materials are stiff at room temperature and softened at elevated temperature to actuate as dielectric elastomers. BSEP is typically processed by bulk polymerization making it difficult to modify post-fabrication. In the BAB polymer described, a two-sided RAFT chain transfer agent was synthesized, for symmetrical synthetic processing, using poly (ethylene glycol) for high stiffness at room temperature and increased flexibility at elevated temperature. The poly (stearyl acrylate) B-blocks were then incorporated to add further stiffness at room temperature and control the material microstructure. Of the three BAB copolymers synthesized, two exhibited variable stiffness from 1 GPa to 10 kPa with spherulite microstructural formations confirmed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. By introducing a controlled synthetic pathway using RAFT living polymerization, these materials can be finely tuned for specific properties before and after fabrication.
Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Interfaces written by Takeshi Kawai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces recent progress in stimuli-responsive interfaces constructed on colloidal materials such as micelles and vesicles and on solid material surfaces. There is discussion of the effect of stimuli such as light, heat, pH, and electric field on changes in the morphology of the molecules at the interfaces and that of colloidal materials. The changes in the properties, such as gelation ability, dispersibility, and emulsification ability, of the resultant bulk materials containing these colloidal materials or those of the solid material are also covered. In addition, design criteria for high sensitivity, quick responsiveness, and high reversibility are presented. In each author’s original system, the correlations between molecular-level responses and bulk functional responses are described as well. This book serves as an excellent guide to designing and fabricating novel, functional, eco-friendly stimuli-responsive interfaces and related materials.
Download or read book Stimuli responsive Polymers written by Rabiee Navid and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomaterials Science written by William R Wagner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-05-23 with total page 1612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised edition of the renowned and bestselling title is the most comprehensive single text on all aspects of biomaterials science from principles to applications. Biomaterials Science, fourth edition, provides a balanced, insightful approach to both the learning of the science and technology of biomaterials and acts as the key reference for practitioners who are involved in the applications of materials in medicine.This new edition incorporates key updates to reflect the latest relevant research in the field, particularly in the applications section, which includes the latest in topics such as nanotechnology, robotic implantation, and biomaterials utilized in cancer research detection and therapy. Other additions include regenerative engineering, 3D printing, personalized medicine and organs on a chip. Translation from the lab to commercial products is emphasized with new content dedicated to medical device development, global issues related to translation, and issues of quality assurance and reimbursement. In response to customer feedback, the new edition also features consolidation of redundant material to ensure clarity and focus. Biomaterials Science, 4th edition is an important update to the best-selling text, vital to the biomaterials’ community. The most comprehensive coverage of principles and applications of all classes of biomaterials Edited and contributed by the best-known figures in the biomaterials field today; fully endorsed and supported by the Society for Biomaterials Fully revised and updated to address issues of translation, nanotechnology, additive manufacturing, organs on chip, precision medicine and much more. Online chapter exercises available for most chapters
Download or read book Optical Nano and Micro Actuator Technology written by George K. Knopf and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Optical Nano and Micro Actuator Technology, leading engineers, material scientists, chemists, physicists, laser scientists, and manufacturing specialists offer an in-depth, wide-ranging look at the fundamental and unique characteristics of light-driven optical actuators. They discuss how light can initiate physical movement and control a variety of mechanisms that perform mechanical work at the micro- and nanoscale. The book begins with the scientific background necessary for understanding light-driven systems, discussing the nature of light and the interaction between light and NEMS/MEMS devices. It then covers innovative optical actuator technologies that have been developed for many applications. The book examines photoresponsive materials that enable the design of optically driven structures and mechanisms and describes specific light-driven technologies that permit the manipulation of micro- and nanoscale objects. It also explores applications in optofluidics, bioMEMS and biophotonics, medical device design, and micromachine control. Inspiring the next generation of scientists and engineers to advance light-driven technologies, this book gives readers a solid grounding in this emerging interdisciplinary area. It thoroughly explains the scientific language and fundamental principles, provides a holistic view of optical nano and micro actuator systems, and illustrates current and potential applications of light-driven systems.
Download or read book Advanced Biomaterials and Biodevices written by Ashutosh Tiwari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-30 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cutting-edge book focuses on the emerging area of biomaterials and biodevices that incorporate therapeutic agents, molecular targeting, and diagnostic imaging capabilities The design and development of biomaterials play a significant role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. When used with highly selective and sensitive biomaterials, cutting-edge biodevices can allow the rapid and accurate diagnosis of disease, creating a platform for research and development, especially in the field of treatment for prognosis and detection of diseases in the early stage. This book emphasizes the emerging area of biomaterials and biodevices that incorporate therapeutic agents, molecular targeting, and diagnostic imaging capabilities. The 15 comprehensive chapters written by leading experts cover such topics as: The use of severe plastic deformation technique to enhance the properties of nanostructured metals Descriptions of the different polymers for use in controlled drug release Chitin and chitosan as renewable healthcare biopolymers for biomedical applications Innovated devices such as “label-free biochips” and polymer MEMS Molecular imprinting and nanotechnology Prussian Blue biosensing applications The evaluation of different types of biosensors in terms of their cost effectiveness, selectivity, and sensitivity Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanocarriers for malignancy therapeutics
Download or read book Drug Carriers written by Luis Jesús Villarreal-Gómez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-11-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional drug administration has several issues and challenges. Drugs may not be fully absorbed or targeted, some drugs produce undesirable secondary effects and cause organ damage, and others trigger inflammation and immune response. As such, drug carrier systems are being developed to help promote drug absorption, enhance targeting, and avoid or decrease negative symptoms. This book examines different drug carriers and drug carrier systems. Chapters address such topics as the use of polymers in drug carrier systems, thin films, metal-organic frameworks, graphene quantum dots, and nanotechnology and microfluidics for drug delivery.
Download or read book Responsive Polymer Surfaces written by Danqing Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting an integrated approach, this book covers experiments, theory, and emerging applications. In the first part surfaces are described that change from flat to either a random corrugated or to a well-structured structure, while the second part deals with those surface structures integrated in the coating surface where the structures change their shape or dimension when addressed by an external trigger. A variety of materials are addressed, including liquid crystal polymers, hydrogels, hard acrylates, and soft silicones. The whole is rounded off by a discussion of various applications, including surface controlled flows in microfluidic systems. Of interest to chemists and engineers, researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working in the paint industry and hydrodynamics.
Download or read book Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics written by Hideko Koshima and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a comprehensive review of the research and development of mechanically responsive materials and their applications in soft robots Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers an authoritative guide to the current state of mechanically responsive materials for the development of soft robotics. With contributions from an international panel of experts, the book examines existing mechanically responsive materials such as crystals, polymers, gels, and composites that are stimulated by light and heat. The book also explores the application of mechanical materials to soft robotics. The authors describe the many excellent mechanical crystals developed in recent years that show the ability to bend, twist, rotate, jump, self-heal, and shape memory. Mechanical polymer materials are described for evolution into artificial muscles, photomobile materials, bioinspired soft actuators, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, multi-responsive composite materials, and strain sensor materials. The application of mechanical materials to soft robots is just the beginning. This book reviews the many challenging and versatile applications, such as soft microrobots made from photoresponsive elastomers, four-dimensional printing for assembling soft robots, self-growing of soft robots like plants, and biohybrid robots using muscle tissue. This important book: -Explores recent developments in the use of soft smart materials in robotic systems -Covers the full scope of mechanically responsive materials: polymers, crystals, gels, and nanocomposites -Deals with an interdisciplinary topic of advanced smart materials research -Contains extensive descriptions of current and future applications in soft robotics Written for materials scientists, polymer chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, solid state chemists, inorganic chemists, and robotics engineers, Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics offers a comprehensive and timely review of the most recent research on mechanically responsive materials and the manufacture of soft robotics.
Download or read book Rethinking Manufacturing Next Generation Sensors and Devices by Microfabrication written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2024-11-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rethinking manufacturing: Next generation sensors and devices by microfabrication Volume 64 in the series Advances in Chemical Engineering, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors.
Download or read book Polymer Preprints Japan written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Microfabrication written by Marc J. Madou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-03-13 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MEMS technology and applications have grown at a tremendous pace, while structural dimensions have grown smaller and smaller, reaching down even to the molecular level. With this movement have come new types of applications and rapid advances in the technologies and techniques needed to fabricate the increasingly miniature devices that are literally changing our world. A bestseller in its first edition, Fundamentals of Microfabrication, Second Edition reflects the many developments in methods, materials, and applications that have emerged recently. Renowned author Marc Madou has added exercise sets to each chapter, thus answering the need for a textbook in this field. Fundamentals of Microfabrication, Second Edition offers unique, in-depth coverage of the science of miniaturization, its methods, and materials. From the fundamentals of lithography through bonding and packaging to quantum structures and molecular engineering, it provides the background, tools, and directions you need to confidently choose fabrication methods and materials for a particular miniaturization problem. New in the Second Edition Revised chapters that reflect the many recent advances in the field Updated and enhanced discussions of topics including DNA arrays, microfluidics, micromolding techniques, and nanotechnology In-depth coverage of bio-MEMs, RF-MEMs, high-temperature, and optical MEMs. Many more links to the Web Problem sets in each chapter
Download or read book Self Assembly of Polymers written by Dmitry Volodkin and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, polymer self-assembly has become extremely attractive for both biological (drug delivery, tissue engineering, scaffolds) and non-biological (packaging, semiconductors) applications. In nature, a number of key biological processes are driven by polymer self-assembly, for instance protein folding. Impressive morphologies can be assembled from polymers thanks to a diverse range of interactions involved, e.g., electrostatics, hydrophobic, hots-guest interactions, etc. Both 2D and 3D tailor-made assemblies can be designed through modern powerful techniques and approaches such as the layer-by-layer and the Langmuir-Blodgett deposition, hard and soft templating. This Special Issue highlights contributions (research papers, short communications, review articles) that focus on recent developments in polymer self-assembly for both fundamental understanding the assembly phenomenon and real applications.
