Download or read book Microcredit and Household Welfare written by Booyuel Kim and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper evaluates how governmental microcredit affects rural households in Vietnam using panel data obtained from Vietnam Household Living Standards Surveys 2010, 2012, 2014. Employing household fixed-effects with instrumental variable, the results show that the Vietnam Bank for Social Policies (VBSP) microcredit program has no significant impact on total income of household. Decomposing the total income into smaller components, we find significant and positive impacts of microcredit on profits from farming activities, whereas insignificant impacts are found on such other components as income from wage and income profits from non-farming activities. The findings also show positive, significant impacts on total household expenditure, food consumption and spending on health care.

Download or read book Access to Credit and Its Impact on Welfare in Malawi written by Aliou Diagne and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2001 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rural economy and microfinance institutions in Malawi; Survey design and description of the data; Econometric analysis of the impact of access to credit on household welfare; Results of the econometric analysis; Conclusions and implications for policy; Econometric methodology.

Download or read book Microfinance and Household Welfare written by Obert Pimhidzai and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambodia's openness to trade and financial flows has fueled one of the fastest credit growth episodes in Asia. A remarkable expansion in formal microfinance lenders contributed to increased access to credit. Since the promulgation of the National Strategy for Microfinance in 2007, Cambodia's microfinance sector has expanded rapidly, with both assets and credit growing at annualized rates of over 40 percent. While access to credit has helped ease financial constraints for households, one key concern is how the cost of credit and increased exposure to risk might affect household welfare. At the household level, low financial literacy could result in poor borrowing decisions and heighten risks. There are concerns that households may be over-borrowing and increasing their exposure to risks, as there are signs that the market is already highly saturated, given estimated absorption capacity at this level of development. This policy note assesses the impact of access to credit on household welfare in Cambodia and providesevidence on the drivers of the cost of credit in the microfinances sector. To fill the existing knowledge gaps, this policy note uses the latest available data from official sources to provide evidence on (i) the impact of microcredit on household welfare, (ii) profitability and cost of credit in the microfinance sector, and (iii) the effects of the interest rate cap in the sector. This note ultimately presents a series of policy options aimed at facilitating affordability and reducing the cost of credit, while maintaining sector profitability and minimizing risks (both for households and the financial system). The policy options have been developed in consultation with sector stakeholders.

Download or read book Sustainability of a Government Targeted Credit Program written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 304. Reviews the status and availability in developing countries of photovoltaic (PV) technology and looks at the prospects for using this technology in light of current energy use and costs of other energy sources. The report provides the necessary background information and highlights the questions raised and the calculations that must be made whenever PV applications are being considered in the developing world

Download or read book Microfinance and Rural Household Welfare in Pakistan an Empirical Investigation written by Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Formal Microfinance Programs in Malawi written by Nyoni Abel and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lack of access to credit has for so long negatively impacted on various aggregate and household-level outcomes, including technology adoption, agricultural productivity, food security, nutrition, health, micro and small enterprise development, and overall household welfare. The boom in the microfinance sector was singled out as an effective tool in ensuring that the poor have access to financial services and consequently, the fight against poverty. Malawi embraced the microfinance concept around mid-1990s but surprisingly, despite a proliferation in the number of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) operating in the country, the proportion of households with access to any form of credit still remains very low. This book, therefore, highlights some of the determinants for rural households' participating in formal microfinance based on an analysis of secondary data on "credit and loans" collected by the National Statistical Office between March 2004 and April 2005 under the World Bank funded Integrated Household Surveys program. The book is intended for academicians, development practitioners and any one with keen interest in the field of microfinance.

Download or read book Indigenous Peoples Poverty and Development written by Gillette H. Hall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book that documents poverty systematically for the world's indigenous peoples in developing regions in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The volume compiles results for roughly 85 percent of the world's indigenous peoples. It draws on nationally representative data to compare trends in countries' poverty rates and other social indicators with those for indigenous sub-populations and provides comparable data for a wide range of countries all over the world. It estimates global poverty numbers and analyzes other important development indicators, such as schooling, health, and social protection. Provocatively, the results show a marked difference in results across regions, with rapid poverty reduction among indigenous (and non-indigenous) populations in Asia contrasting with relative stagnation - and in some cases falling back - in Latin America and Africa. Two main factors motivate the book. First, there is a growing concern among poverty analysts worldwide that countries with significant vulnerable populations - such as indigenous peoples - may not meet the Millennium Development Goals, and thus there exists a consequent need for better data tracking conditions among these groups. Second, there is a growing call by indigenous organizations, including the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Peoples, for solid, disaggregated data analyzing the size and causes of the "development gap."

Download or read book Microfinance Household Indebtedness And Gender Inequality written by Theresa Mannah-Blankson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation explores the implications of access to microfinance for gender equity and household welfare in Ghana. The study draws on the quantitative and qualitative evidence from a unique dataset generated from a survey of 499 households, with and without access to microfinance, during my field research work in Ghana from May to July 2013. The motivation for the dissertation derives from evidence suggesting that access to finance is an important tool for fighting poverty and reducing inequality. However, for most developing countries access to finance for the poor is mainly through the informal or the semi-formal sector, including microfinance institutions (MFIs). Microfinance is taking the center stage in developing countries as a major source of finance for the poor. The question is whether there is a risk that the conditions of the poor could be worsened through increased debt burden from access to credit from MFIs. This question is legitimate for two main reasons. First, the interest rates charged by MFIs on credit tend to be relatively higher than those charged by banks. Second, higher interest rates imply higher debt obligations for low income households with low returns on investment, which weakens their balance sheet. This is a cause of concern, especially given the lack of institutional mechanisms for households in developing countries to deal with debt distress. This situation may make it harder for households to obtain additional external financing and to sustain expenditures, thereby leading to worsening household welfare. The evidence from this study shows that access to microfinance reduces gender asset gaps and generally improves household welfare. Further, the results suggest that debt burden beyond certain thresholds creates significant financial distress for households and reduces food expenditures while increasing the household's credit constraints. The study shows that microfinance market, borrower-specific and household-specific characteristics are important factors explaining household indebtedness. Using an approach that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative analysis, and by applying different econometric approaches to household welfare analysis, this dissertation contributes to the growing body of empirical literature on the impact of access to microfinance on household-level welfare. It also contributes to a relatively new area of research on borrower debt distress arising from access to microfinance.

Download or read book Poverty Reduction Policies and Practices in Developing Asia written by Almas Heshmati and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the major policy challenges facing developing Asia and how the region sustains rapid economic growth to reduce multidimensional poverty through socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable measures. Asia is facing many challenges arising from population growth, rapid urbanization, provision of services, climate change and the need to redress declining growth after the global financial crisis. This book examines poverty and related issues and aims to advance the development of new tools and measurement of multidimensional poverty and poverty reduction policy analysis. The book covers a wide range of issues, including determinants and causes of poverty and its changes; consequences and impacts of poverty on human capital formation, growth and consumption; assessment of poverty strategies and policies; the role of government, NGOs and other institutions in poverty reduction; rural-urban migration and poverty; vulnerability to poverty; breakdown of poverty into chronic and transitory components; and a comparative study on poverty issues in Asia and other regions. The book will appeal to all those interested in economic development, resources, policies and economic welfare and growth.

Download or read book School Meals Educational Achievement and School Competition written by Christel Vermeersch and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vermeersch and Kremer examine the effects of subsidized school meals on school participation, educational achievement, and school finance in a developing country setting. They use data from a program that was implemented in 25 randomly chosen preschools in a pool of 50. Children's school participation was 30 percent higher in the treatment group than in the comparison group. The meals program led to higher curriculum test scores, but only in schools where the teacher was relatively experienced prior to the program. The school meals displaced teaching time and led to larger class sizes. Despite improved incentives, teacher absenteeism remained at a high level of 30 percent. Treatment schools raised their fees, and comparison schools close to treatment schools decreased their fees. Some of the price effects are caused by a combination of capacity constraints and pupil transfers that would not happen if the school meals were ordered in all schools. The intention-to-treat estimator of the effect of the randomized program incorporates those price effects, and therefore it should be considered a lower bound on the effect of generalized school meals. This insight on price effects generalizes to other randomized program evaluations. This paper--a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management 2, Africa Technical Families--is part of a larger effort in the region to increase our understanding of the impact of programs aimed at reaching the Millennium Development Goals.

Download or read book Dynamic Effects of Microcredit in Bangladesh written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper uses long panel survey data spanning over 20 years to examine the dynamics of microcredit programs in Bangladesh. With the phenomenal growth of microfinance institutions representing 30 million members with over $2 billion of annual disbursement over the past two decades, it is important to understand the dynamics of microcredit expansion and its induced impact on household welfare. A dynamic panel model is used to address a number of issues, such as whether credit effects are declining over time, whether market saturation and village diseconomies are taking place, and whether multiple program membership, which is rising as a consequence of microcredit expansion, is harming or benefiting the borrowers. The paper's results confirm that microcredit programs have continued to benefit the poor by raising household welfare. The beneficial effects have also remained higher for female than male borrowers. There are diseconomies of scale caused by higher levels of village-level borrowing, especially for male members. Multiple program membership is also growing with competition from microfinance institutions, but this has rather helped raise assets and net worth more than it has contributed to indebtedness"--Abstract.

Download or read book Microfinance and Poverty written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impact of Microfinance Credit Access on Household Income and Welfare written by Asmamaw Getnet Wassie and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined the impact of microfinance credit access on households' income and welfare case study in rural South Gondar zone, Ethiopia. The main objective of the study was investigating the impact of microfinance credit access on households' income and welfare. The study used cross sectional data. The study surveyed 422 households. Half of the surveyed households were credit takers but not the remaining. The treatment variable (D) of the study is credit access. The outcome variables of the study are income and welfare of households. The study employed both descriptive and econometric model to achieve the objective of the study. The propensity score matching was employed in the econometric part of the study to estimate the impact of the credit on outcome variables of the study. Among matching methods kernel (0.1) was employed since it satisfies the criterion of best matching between treatment unit and controlled unit. The study found that average treatment effect (ATT) on the treated group in terms of income is less than its counterpart. However, average treatment effect (ATT) on treated group in terms of welfare is greater than the average treatment effect (ATT) on controlled group.

Download or read book Dynamic Effects of Microcredit in Bangladesh written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses long panel survey data spanning over 20 years to examine the dynamics of microcredit programs in Bangladesh. With the phenomenal growth of microfinance institutions representing 30 million members with over $2 billion of annual disbursement over the past two decades, it is important to understand the dynamics of microcredit expansion and its induced impact on household welfare. A dynamic panel model is used to address a number of issues, such as whether credit effects are declining over time, whether market saturation and village diseconomies are taking place, and whether multiple program membership, which is rising as a consequence of microcredit expansion, is harming or benefiting the borrowers. The paper's results confirm that microcredit programs have continued to benefit the poor by raising household welfare. The beneficial effects have also remained higher for female than male borrowers. There are diseconomies of scale caused by higher levels of village-level borrowing, especially for male members. Multiple program membership is also growing with competition from microfinance institutions, but this has rather helped raise assets and net worth more than it has contributed to indebtedness.

Download or read book Essays on Microfinance in Latin America written by Roselia Servín Juárez and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Access to Financial Services written by Stijn Claessens and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper reviews the evidence on the importance of finance for economic well-being, provides data on the degree of use of basic financial services by households and firms across a sample of countries, assesses the desirability of more universal access, and overviews the macroeconomic, legal, and regulatory obstacles to access using general evidence and case studies. Although access to finance can be very beneficial, the data show that universal use is far from prevalent in many countries, especially developing countries. At the same time, universal access has generally not been a public policy objective and is surely not easily achievable in most countries.

Download or read book Due Diligence written by David Roodman and published by CGD Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea that small loans can help poor families build businesses and exit poverty has blossomed into a global movement. The concept has captured the public imagination, drawn in billions of dollars, reached millions of customers, and garnered a Nobel Prize. Radical in its suggestion that the poor are creditworthy and conservative in its insistence on individual accountability, the idea has expanded beyond credit into savings, insurance, and money transfers, earning the name microfinance. But is it the boon so many think it is? Readers of David Roodman's openbook blog will immediately recognize his thorough, straightforward, and trenchant analysis. Due Diligence, written entirely in public with input from readers, probes the truth about microfinance to guide governments, foundations, investors, and private citizens who support financial services for poor people. In particular, it explains the need to deemphasize microcredit in favor of other financial services for the poor.