Download or read book Microbial Iron Cycling on Trichodesmium Colonies written by Kelly Lynn Roe and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron is an important micronutrient to the colonial cyanobacterium Trichodesmium, a photosynthetic diazotroph. Trichodesmium is known to be limited by iron, but field studies of iron acquisition by this organism have been complicated by the fact that natural colonies have a large associated bacterial community. The research presented in this thesis will focus on understanding iron bioavailability to Trichodesmium and the associated heterotrophic bacteria and how this may affect iron cycling in the colony environment. The bioavailability of a selection of iron sources to Trichodesmium and two representative associated bacteria, Microscilla marina and Silicibacter TrichCH4B is investigated in Chapter 2. The representative bacteria are shown to acquire iron from a diverse selection of iron complexes while Trichodesmium is shown to access iron from only the most labile iron sources. A model of iron uptake on Trichodesmium colonies is created using Trichodesmium- and bacteria-specific iron uptake rates, and results suggest that bacteria are potentially responsible for the majority of iron uptake in a colony environment. The iron acquisition pathways used by Trichodesmium to acquire two forms of bioavailable iron, inorganic iron and ferric citrate complexes, are investigated in Chapter 3. Trichodesmium is shown to utilize two different iron acquisition pathways, extracellular reduction of inorganic iron and a semi-specific iron transport system for ferric citrate. Both mechanisms may give Trichodesmium a means to compete for iron in the colony environment. In Chapter 4, the Trichodesmium-associated Roseobacter Silicibacter TrichCH4B is shown to have an uptake system specific for the utilization of heme complexes and the functional characterization of this system is described. Further investigation and identification of heme uptake systems in the Roseobacter clade, an abundant bacterial lineage in the ocean, and the detection of heme genes in environmental samples suggest that heme utilization may be wide spread in the marine environment and may be a pathway for iron recycling in the ocean. Based on these studies of iron bioavailability and utilization, iron must be efficiently cycled in a Trichodesmium colony, a unique oceanic particle environment.
Download or read book The microbial ferrous wheel iron cycling in terrestrial freshwater and marine environments written by David Emerson and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past 15 years, there has been steady growth in work relating to the microbial iron cycle. It is now well established that in anaerobic environments coupling of organic matter utilization to Fe reduction is a major pathway for anaerobic respiration. In iron-rich circumneutral environments that exist at oxic-anoxic boundaries, significant progress has been made in demonstrating that unique groups of microbes can grow either aerobically or anaerobically using Fe as a primary energy source. Likewise, in high iron acidic environments, progress has been made in the study of communities of microbes that oxidize iron, and in understanding the details of how certain of these organisms gain energy from Fe-oxidation. On the iron scarcity side, it is now appreciated that in large areas of the open ocean Fe is a key limiting nutrient; thus, a great deal of research is going into understanding the strategies microbial cells, principally phytoplankton, use to acquire iron, and how the iron cycle may impact other nutrient cycles. Finally, due to its abundance, iron has played an important role in the evolution of Earth’s primary biogeochemical cycles through time. The aim of this Research Topic is to gather contributions from scientists working in diverse disciplines who have common interests in iron cycling at the process level, and at the organismal level, both from the perspective of Fe as an energy source, or as a limiting nutrient for primary productivity in the ocean. The range of disciplines may include: geomicrobiologists, microbial ecologists, microbial physiologists, biological oceanographers, and biogeochemists. Articles can be original research, techniques, reviews, or synthesis papers. An overarching goal is to demonstrate the environmental breadth of the iron cycle, and foster understanding between different scientific communities who may not always be aware of one another’s work.
Download or read book Advances in Microbial Iron Cycling written by Lei Yan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-13 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues in Environmental Research and Application 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Environmental Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Arid Environments. The editors have built Issues in Environmental Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Arid Environments in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Environmental Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Microbial Iron Metabolism written by J. B. Neilands and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Iron Metabolism: A Comprehensive Treatise provides a comprehensive treatment of microbial iron metabolism. It aims to contribute to an increased understanding of the path of iron in microbial species and, eventually, in the plant and animal. The book is organized into five parts. Part I describes some features of iron and its function in the microbial world. These include a historical sketch of the recognition of the importance of iron in cellular physiology; a description of certain physical properties of ferrous and ferric ions; and a list of various known biocoordination derivatives grouped by ligand atom. Metabolism under iron-limited conditions is also examined. Part II presents studies on iron transport, biosynthesis, and storage in microorganisms. Part III examines iron enzymes and proteins, including ferredoxin, rubredoxin, nitrogenase, and hydrogenase. Part IV deals with reactions of inorganic substrates. Part V presents a study on the role of bacterial iron metabolism in infection and immunity.
Download or read book Marine Pelagic Cyanobacteria Trichodesmium and other Diazotrophs written by E.J. Carpenter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planktonic marine cyanobacteria are abundant and significant in the biogeochemistry of the sea. This volume focuses on the filamentous cyanobacteria, particularly those in the genus Trichodesmium which are common in tropical and subtropical seas. A portion of this book also concerns bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the Baltic Sea area. Filamentous cyanobacteria are important as primary producers and for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen and thus are significant in global cycling of both of these elements. In recent years, through the application of new techniques and intensive multi-disciplinary research programs, progress has been made in understanding both the biology of these cyanobacteria and their place in the marine food web. A broad range of topics is covered in this book, ranging from molecular biology, physiology, ultrastructure, enzyme localization, toxicology, remote sensing, buoyancy, herbivory and the ecology of these organisms in the marine food web. This volume is an outgrowth of a NATO-sponsored meeting held in May 1991 in Bamberg, Germany, and represents the latest synthesis on these marine phytoplankters.
Download or read book Advances in Cyanobacterial Biology written by Prashant Kumar Singh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02-15 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Cyanobacterial Biology presents the novel, practical, and theoretical aspects of cyanobacteria, providing a better understanding of basic and advanced biotechnological application in the field of sustainable agriculture. Chapters have been designed to deal with the different aspects of cyanobacteria including their role in the evolution of life, cyanobacterial diversity and classification, isolation, and characterization of cyanobacteria through biochemical and molecular approaches, phylogeny and biogeography of cyanobacteria, symbiosis, Cyanobacterial photosynthesis, morphological and physiological adaptation to abiotic stresses, stress-tolerant cyanobacterium, biological nitrogen fixation. Other topics include circadian rhythms, genetics and molecular biology of abiotic stress responses, application of cyanobacteria and cyanobacterial mats in wastewater treatments, use as a source of novel stress-responsive genes for development of stress tolerance and as a source of biofuels, industrial application, as biofertilizer, cyanobacterial blooms, use in Nano-technology and nanomedicines as well as potential applications. This book will be important for academics and researchers working in cyanobacteria, cyanobacterial environmental biology, cyanobacterial agriculture and cyanobacterial molecular biologists. Summarizes the various aspects of cyanobacterial research, from primary nitrogen fixation, to advanced nano-technology applications Addresses both practical and theoretical aspects of the cyanobacterial application Includes coverage of biochemical and molecular approaches for the identification, use and management of cyanobacteria
Download or read book Environmental Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aquatic Microbial Organisms written by Christel Hassler and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2013-07-05 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Environmental Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aquatic Microbial Organisms describes the interactions between metals and aquatic prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms in their environment. Metals influence microbial growth in the aquatic environment as they can be either toxic to aquatic microbes, if present at too high concentrations in the environment, or limiting, if bio-essential and present at very low concentrations. In turn, microorganisms influence the biogeochemical cycling of metals as they affect trace metal concentrations, distributions between particulate and dissolved phase, and chemical speciation. At the sub cellular level, metalloproteins are the catalysts driving many steps in the biogeochemical cycles of major elements such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Metals thus provide a link between the abundance and activity of enzymes, the growth of microorganisms, and the biogeochemical cycles of major climate influencing elements. Furthermore, the evolution of the chemistry of aquatic environments and atmosphere has left its mark on the microbial proteome as a direct result of changes in the solubility of metals. The aquatic microbial metallome thus has the potential to reveal information about key biogeochemical processes, their spatial and seasonal occurrence, and also to reveal how the geochemical environment is shaping the microbial population itself. The aim of this Research Topic is to highlight recent advances in our understanding of how metals influence the activity of aquatic microbes, and how microbes influence the biogeochemical cycling of metals. Applications of techniques in proteomics, spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and genomics are all leading to a greater understanding of the interactions between the microbial metallome and the “aquatic metallome” and thus the influence of metals on the biogeochemical cycles of climatically important elements such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. Both reviews and original research on the occurrence and abundance of microbial metal proteins and peptides, the utilisation of metals by aquatic microbes, the influence of microbially produced exudates on metal speciation and the biogeochemical cycling, and the toxicity of metals to microbial organisms are welcome.
Download or read book The Oceanic Particle Flux and its Cycling Within the Deep Water Column written by Maureen H. Conte and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-20 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine N2 Fixation Recent Discoveries and Future Challenges written by Angela Landolfi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responses of Marine Microbes to Multiple Environmental Drivers of Global Change the Interplay of Abiotic and Biotic Factors written by Yuanyuan Feng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Microbiology written by Colin Munn and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of this bestselling text has been rigorously updated to reflect major new discoveries and concepts since 2011, especially progress due to extensive application of high-throughput sequencing, single cell genomics and analysis of large datasets. Significant advances in understanding the diversity and evolution of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses are discussed and their importance in marine processes is explored in detail. Now in full colour throughout, all chapters have been significantly expanded, with many new diagrams, illustrations and boxes to aid students’ interest and understanding. Novel pedagogy is designed to encourage students to explore current high-profile research topics. Examples include the impacts of rising CO2 levels on microbial community structure and ocean processes, interactions of microbes with plastic pollution, symbiotic interactions, and emerging diseases of marine life. This is the only textbook addressing such a broad range of topics in the specific area of marine microbiology, now a core topic within broader Marine Science degrees. A Companion Website provides additional online resources for instructors and students, including a summary of key concepts and terminology for each chapter, links to further resources, and flashcards to aid self-assessment.
Download or read book Microbial Ecology of the Oceans written by Josep M. Gasol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The newly revised and updated third edition of the bestselling book on microbial ecology in the oceans The third edition of Microbial Ecology of the Oceans features new topics, as well as different approaches to subjects dealt with in previous editions. The book starts out with a general introduction to the changes in the field, as well as looking at the prospects for the coming years. Chapters cover ecology, diversity, and function of microbes, and of microbial genes in the ocean. The biology and ecology of some model organisms, and how we can model the whole of the marine microbes, are dealt with, and some of the trophic roles that have changed in the last years are discussed. Finally, the role of microbes in the oceanic P cycle are presented. Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, Third Edition offers chapters on The Evolution of Microbial Ecology of the Ocean; Marine Microbial Diversity as Seen by High Throughput Sequencing; Ecological Significance of Microbial Trophic Mixing in the Oligotrophic Ocean; Metatranscritomics and Metaproteomics; Advances in Microbial Ecology from Model Marine Bacteria; Marine Microbes and Nonliving Organic Matter; Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry of Oxygen-Deficient Water Columns; The Ocean’s Microscale; Ecological Genomics of Marine Viruses; Microbial Physiological Ecology of The Marine Phosphorus Cycle; Phytoplankton Functional Types; and more. A new and updated edition of a key book in aquatic microbial ecology Includes widely used methodological approaches Fully describes the structure of the microbial ecosystem, discussing in particular the sources of carbon for microbial growth Offers theoretical interpretations of subtropical plankton biogeography Microbial Ecology of the Oceans is an ideal text for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and colleagues from other fields wishing to learn about microbes and the processes they mediate in marine systems.
Download or read book Microbial Redox Cycling of Iron in Lake Grosse Fuchskuhle written by Dheeraj Kanaparthi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics Thermodynamics and Habitability of Microbial Iron Redox Cycling written by Brian St Clair and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many acidic hot springs in Yellowstone National Park support microbial iron oxidation, reduction, or microbial iron redox cycling (MIRC), as determined by microcosm rate experiments. Microbial dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) was detected in numerous systems with a pH
Download or read book Iron Chelation in Plants and Soil Microorganisms written by Larry Barton and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pt. 1. Production and characteristics of metal chelators -- pt. 2. Enzymes and interactive systems -- pt. 3. Physiological and chemical characteristics of the iron stress response.
Download or read book Iron Uptake and Homeostasis in Microorganisms written by Pierre Cornelis and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron is essential for almost all living organisms as it is involved in a wide variety of important metabolic processes. However, iron is not readily available and microorganisms therefore employ various iron uptake systems to secure sufficient supplies from their surroundings. There is considerable variation in the range of iron transporters and iron sources utilised by different microbial species. Pathogens, in particular, require efficient iron acquisition mechanisms to enable them to compete successfully for iron in the highly iron-restricted environment of the host's tissues and body fluids. In this book, an international team of authors presents a comprehensive collection of reviews on iron uptake and metabolism in various microorganisms including rhizobia, Bordetella, Shigella, E. coli, Erwinia, Vibrio, Aeromonas, Francisella, Bacteroides, Campylobacter, cyanobacteria, Bacillus, staphylococci and yeasts. An entire chapter is dedicated to siderophores and another to heme uptake. The volume provides an expert and timely summary of current knowledge, with a focus on molecular and genetic aspects, and highlights some of the most exciting recent developments. Aimed at research scientists, advanced students and other specialists, this book is highly recommended for everyone interested in iron uptake and metabolism, microbial pathogenesis and microbial ecology.
