Download or read book Microbial Communities Transforming Dissolved Organic Matter In a Large Estuarine Ecosystem written by Travis J Dawson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterotrophic bacteria are responsible for degrading dissolved organic matter (DOM), and process 50% or more of Earth’s net primary production. Although integral to global nutrient cycling, the complexity of bacterial communities makes it difficult to resolve the mechanisms by which they degrade DOM. Adding to the complexity of this interaction is the compositional diversity of DOM. The St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) is an important repository for DOM, produced both internally by phytoplankton and externally by terrestrial plants. I aim to identify the bacterial taxa that respond to differential DOM inputs using 16S rRNA abundance as a proxy for metabolic activity. A microcosm experiment was conducted in the SLE in which marine DOM and terrestrial DOM were extracted by ultrafiltration and solid-phase extraction. DOM extracts were amended to microcosms of raw SLE water and incubated at 7°C and 25°C for 32 hours. The Gammaproteobacterial lineage Pseudoalteromonas experienced a 70% increase in metabolic activity in response to HMW marine DOM at both 7°C and 25°C, which was not observed in any other DOM treatment. Terrestrial DOM treatments resulted in a significant increase in alpha-diversity within the bacterial community at 25ºC, indicating a relative increase in the activity of rare bacteria in response to freshwater DOM. Microcosm experiments such as this aim to provide a better understanding of how DOM composition can influence bacterial community structure and metabolism. Considerations for future experiments include transcriptomics analysis to describe the metabolic pathways involved in DOM degradation.
Download or read book Microbial Utilization and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Aquatic Environments from Streams to the Deep Ocean written by Johanna Sjöstedt and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-07-06 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is very high because it plays an important role in oceanic and global carbon cycling, which in turn impacts weather. Understanding the processes involved in the transformations of carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, and other major elements in the oceans has been a primary goal of marine biogeochemists and oceanographers over the past decade.This book, in 16 chapters with over 170 figures and tables, reports on the major advances in this area by a distinguished group of international chemical and biological oceanographers. Additionally, it focuses on the role of DOM in elemental cycling - where the greatest informational need currently exists. Biological cycling of the major elements through DOM is assessed throughout, with particular emphasis on the role of marine microbes as active agents in the processing of this materialThe ocean science community's advances for inclusion of DOM in both ecosystem and global circulation models are evaluated
Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Download or read book Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-03-06 with total page 4604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of estuaries and coasts has seen enormous growth in recent years, since changes in these areas have a large effect on the food chain, as well as on the physics and chemistry of the ocean. As the coasts and river banks around the world become more densely populated, the pressure on these ecosystems intensifies, putting a new focus on environmental, socio-economic and policy issues. Written by a team of international expert scientists, under the guidance of Chief Editors Eric Wolanski and Donald McClusky, the Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Ten Volume Set examines topics in depth, and aims to provide a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Most up-to-date reference for system-based coastal and estuarine science and management, from the inland watershed to the ocean shelf Chief editors have assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Approach focuses on the physical, biological, chemistry, ecosystem, human, ecological and economics processes, to show how to best use multidisciplinary science to ensure earth's sustainability Provides a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Features up-to-date chapters covering a full range of topics
Download or read book The Role of Organic Matter in Structuring Microbial Communities written by L. Kaplan and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-03-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural organic matter is important to the quality of drinking water. It constitutes precursors for disinfectant by-product formation and supports regrowth of bacteria. The drinking water industry is involved in work designed to improve biological treatment of water, control bacterial regrowth in distribution systems, and measure biodegradable NOM concentrations. These efforts would benefit from a knowledge of NOM composition and structure and the composition of microbial communities that colonize biological filters and distribution systems. In this project the researchers addressed four major goals: (1) to determine the structure and composition of natural organic matter (NOM), (2) to describe the structure of heterotrophic bacterial communities supported by raw and treated source water, (3) to measure the responses of heterotrophic bacterial communities to seasonally driven variations in NOM and temperature, and (4) to determine whether bioreactor systems can serve as small-scale models for the development and refinement of drinking water treatment processes. The five source waters selected for this project included a broad range of physiographic provinces, vegetation zones, and NOM concentrations. The research team analyzed NOM and microbial communities from an analytical hierarchy involving assessment of concentration, composition, and structure. Concentrations of NOM and BOM were estimated from dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and biodegradable DOC concentrations. NOM composition was assessed from analyses of carbohydrates with ion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, humic substances with XAD-8 resin, and functional groups with NMR. Molecular structure was determined from tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis (TMAH) GC/MS. Microbial community composition was assessed from comparative ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing, specifically, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (t-RFLP), to provide an overview of microbial population structure and detect population shifts at the level of species. NOM Composition NOM and BOM concentrations showed extensive temporal variation in all of the source waters, but a general pattern of concentration ranges was discernable, indicating that each watershed has a particular concentration signal. Compositional studies revealed that humic substances and complex carbohydrates are components of both NOM and BOM. Structural and compositional studies identified unique NOM signatures for the different source waters, with some classes of molecules observed only in specific source waters. The BOM pool included humic substances and lignin, sources generally presumed to be relatively resistant to biodegradation. Additional novel insights included the quantitative contribution of aromatic molecules to the BOM pool and the potential for bacterial demethylation of lignin. Bacterial Communities The communities of microorganisms that developed in bioreactors that were fed water from different watersheds were unique. NOM influenced the genetic composition of resulting microbial communities, and seasonal shifts were observed for watersheds possessing strong seasonal temperature signals. Thus, temperature and organic matter quantity and quality probably influenced parameters important to the biological treatment of drinking water. A comparison of bioreactor metabolism with rapid sand filters showed some overlap, suggesting the bioreactors may indicate the ultimate potential of rapid sand filters for BOM processing. The researchers recommend the following: Bioreactors designed to monitor a BOM source should ideally be inoculated, colonized, and maintained by that source; at a minimum, acclimation to the source over several months is needed. Seasonal changes in the microbial community colonizing a biologically active filter may diminish filter performance and require an acclimation period to restore performance. Molecular-based methods for both microbial and chemical analyses of drinking water and treatment processes should be targeted for continued development and implementation within the drinking water industry. Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2004.
Download or read book Aquatic Microbial Communities written by John Cairns and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estuarine Ecology written by John W. Day, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1989-05-09 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook covers the physical and chemical aspects of estuaries, the biology and ecology of key organisms, the flow of organic matter through estuaries, and human interactions, such as the environmental impact of fisheries on estuaries and the effects of global climate change on these important ecosystems. Each chapter will begin with basic concepts and then move on to describing applications and current practice. This new edition is being authored by a team of world experts from the estuarine science community.
Download or read book Dissolved Organic Matter in Lacustrine Ecosystems written by K. Salonen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in lakes are often an order of magnitude greater than concentrations of particulate organic matter; nevertheless, the biogeochemical analysis of DOM is described in only a few textbooks on limnology (most thoroughly by Wetzel). The orgins of dissolved organic substances are largely photosynthetic; DOM is either autochthonously synthesized by littoral and pelagic flora through secretions and autolysis of cellular contents, or allochthonously generated in terrestrial systems of the drainage basin, composing largely of humic substances refractory to rapid microbial degradation. The role of DOM in lacustrine ecosystems, as energy source and system regulator, however, is still poorly known. The aim of this book is: (1) to present state-of-the-art reviews of the role of dissolved autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter in pelagial and littoral zones; and (2) to focus attention on poorly understood but critical topics and hence to provide direction for future research activity.
Download or read book Estuarine Ecology written by Byron C. Crump and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-07 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estuarine Ecology A detailed and accessible exploration of the fundamentals and the latest advances in estuarine ecology In the newly revised third edition of Estuarine Ecology, a team of distinguished ecologists presents the current knowledge in estuarine ecology with particular emphasis on recent trends and advances. The book is accessible to undergraduate students while also providing a welcome summary of up-to-date content for a more advanced readership. This latest edition is optimized for classroom use, with a more intuitive mode of presentation that takes into account feedback from the previous edition’s readers. Review questions and exercises have been added to assist in the learning and retention of complex concepts. Estuarine Ecology remains the gold standard for the discipline by taking stock of the manifold scientific breakthroughs made in the field since the last edition was written. It also offers: Thorough introductions to estuarine geomorphology, circulation, and chemistry In-depth treatments of estuarine primary and secondary production, including coastal marshes and mangrove wetlands A holistic view of estuarine ecosystems, their modeling and analysis, as well as the impact of human activities and climate change A companion website with detailed answers to exercise questions Perfect for students of estuarine ecology, environmental science, fisheries science, oceanography, and natural resource management, Estuarine Ecology will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals, government employees, and consultants working on estuary and wetlands management and conservation.
Download or read book Ecology of Estuaries written by Michael J. Kennish and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to review the physical and chemical characteristics of estuaries. The volume has been designed principally as a reference for scientists, but administers, managers, decision makers, and other professionals involved in some way with estuarine research can find value in the text.
Download or read book Aquatic Ecosystems Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Stuart Findlay and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overviews of the source, supply and variability of DOM, surveys of the processes that mediate inputs to microbial food webs, and syntheses consolidating research findings provide a comprehensive review of what is known of DOM in freshwater. This book will be important to anyone interested in understanding the fundamental factors associated with DOM that control aquatic ecosystems."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Mexican Aquatic Environments written by Ana Laura Ibáñez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-29 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuing a multidisciplinary approach, this book highlights current challenges in, and potential solutions to, environmental water management in Mexico. It includes an essential review of current literature and state of the art research, providing a one-stop resource for researchers, graduate students and environmental water managers alike. The result of a cooperation between 35 researchers from seven Mexican academic institutions, two Federal Commissions and one international organization, the book links science to practice for living organisms and their environment, while also addressing anthropogenic effects on our water ecosystems. Particularly the book addresses the following subjects: Biodiversity in inland waters, physical and chemical characterization of inland waters, physico-chemical characterization of Mexican coastal lagoons, microbiota in brackish ecosystems, diversity associated with southern Mexico’s pacific coral reefs, fry fish stockings in aquatic epicontinental systems, a review of tuna fisheries in Mexico, fishery resource management challenges stemming from climate change, aquatic invasive alien species, harmful algal blooms, and aquatic protected areas, related ecological and social problems and the importance for fisheries’ yield.
Download or read book Extracellular Enzymes in Aquatic Environments Exploring the Link Between Genomic Potential and Biogeochemical Consequences written by Maria Montserrat Sala and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial extracellular enzymes are fundamental to the cycling of elements in aquatic systems. The regulation of these enzymatic reactions in oceans, lakes and streams is under complex multiple control by environmental factors and the metabolic capacities of different taxa and communities. While the environmental control of enzyme-mediated processes has been investigated for over 100 years, in recent years tremendous progress in techniques to characterize the metabolic potential of microbial communities (“omics” techniques) has been made, such as high-throughput sequencing and new analytical algorithms. This book explores the controls, activities, and biogeochemical consequences of enzymes in aquatic environments. It brings together experimental studies and fieldwork conducted with natural microbial communities in marine and freshwater ecosystems as well as physiological, biochemical and molecular studies on microbial communities in these environments, or species isolated from them. Additionally, the book contributes to the ongoing debate on the impact of anthropogenic climate change and pollution on microbes, extracellular enzymes and substrate turnover.
Download or read book Ecology of Freshwater and Estuarine Wetlands written by Dr. Darold P. Batzer and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2014-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of this important and authoritative survey provides students and researchers with up-to-date and accessible information about the ecology of freshwater and estuarine wetlands. Prominent scholars help students understand both general concepts of different wetland types as well as complex topics related to these dynamic physical environments. Careful syntheses review wetland soils, hydrology, and geomorphology; abiotic constraints for wetland plants and animals; microbial ecology and biogeochemistry; development of wetland plant communities; wetland animal ecology; and carbon dynamics and ecosystem processes. In addition, contributors document wetland regulation, policy, and assessment in the US and provide a clear roadmap for adaptive management and restoration of wetlands. New material also includes an expanded review of the consequences for wetlands in a changing global environment. Ideally suited for wetlands ecology courses, Ecology of Freshwater and Estuarine Wetlands, Second Edition, includes updated content, enhanced images (many in color), and innovative pedagogical elements that guide students and interested readers through the current state of our wetlands.
Download or read book Practical Handbook of Marine Science written by Michael J. Kennish and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-12 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The heavily-revised Practical Handbook of Marine Science, Fourth Edition continues its tradition as a state-of-the-art reference that updates the field of marine science to meet the interdisciplinary research needs of physical oceanographers, marine biologists, marine chemists, and marine geologists. This edition adds an entirely new section devoted to Climate Change and Climate Change Effects. It also adds new sections on Estuaries, Beaches, Barrier Islands, Shellfish, Macroalgae, Food Chains, Food Webs, Trophic Dynamics, System Productivity, Physical-Chemical-Biological Alteration, and Coastal Resource Management. The Handbook assembles an extensive international collection of marine science data throughout, with approximately 1,000 tables and illustrations. It provides comprehensive coverage of anthropogenic impacts in estuarine and marine ecosystems from local, regional, and global perspectives. Maintaining its user-friendly, multi-sectional format, this comprehensive resource will also be of value to undergraduate and graduate students, research scientists, administrators, and other professionals who deal with the management of marine resources. Now published in full color, the new edition offers extensive illustrative and tabular reference material covering all the major disciplines related to the sea.
Download or read book Ecosystem Biogeochemistry written by Christopher S. Cronan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents a comprehensive process-oriented approach to biogeochemistry that is intended to appeal to readers who want to go beyond a general exposure to topics in biogeochemistry, and instead are seeking a holistic understanding of the interplay of biotic and environmental drivers in the cycling of elements in forested watersheds. The book is organized around a core set of ecosystem processes and attributes that collectively help to generate the whole-system structure and function of a terrestrial ecosystem. In the first nine chapters, a conceptual framework is developed based on distinct soil, microbial, plant, atmospheric, hydrologic, and geochemical processes that are integrated in the element cycling behavior of watershed ecosystems. With that conceptual foundation in place, students then proceed to the final three chapters where they are challenged to think critically about integrated element cycling patterns; roles for biogeochemical models; the likely impacts of disturbance, stress, and management on watershed biogeochemistry; and linkages among patterns and processes in watersheds experiencing novel environmental changes. Included with the text are figures, tables of comparative data, extensive literature citations, a glossary of terms, an index, and a set of 24 biogeochemical problems with answers. The problems are intended to support chapter concepts and to demonstrate how critical thinking skills, simple algebra, and thoughtful human logic can be used to solve applied problems in biogeochemistry that might be encountered by a research scientist or a resource manager. Using this book as an introduction to biogeochemistry, students will achieve a level of subject mastery and disciplinary perspective that will permit them to see and to interpret the individual components, interactions, and synergies that are represented in the dynamic element cycling patterns of watershed ecosystems.
