Download or read book The AGT Cytogenetics Laboratory Manual written by Marilyn S. Arsham and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytogenetics is the study of chromosome morphology, structure, pathology, function, and behavior. The field has evolved to embrace molecular cytogenetic changes, now termed cytogenomics. Cytogeneticists utilize an assortment of procedures to investigate the full complement of chromosomes and/or a targeted region within a specific chromosome in metaphase or interphase. Tools include routine analysis of G-banded chromosomes, specialized stains that address specific chromosomal structures, and molecular probes, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosome microarray analysis, which employ a variety of methods to highlight a region as small as a single, specific genetic sequence under investigation. The AGT Cytogenetics Laboratory Manual, Fourth Edition offers a comprehensive description of the diagnostic tests offered by the clinical laboratory and explains the science behind them. One of the most valuable assets is its rich compilation of laboratory-tested protocols currently being used in leading laboratories, along with practical advice for nearly every area of interest to cytogeneticists. In addition to covering essential topics that have been the backbone of cytogenetics for over 60 years, such as the basic components of a cell, use of a microscope, human tissue processing for cytogenetic analysis (prenatal, constitutional, and neoplastic), laboratory safety, and the mechanisms behind chromosome rearrangement and aneuploidy, this edition introduces new and expanded chapters by experts in the field. Some of these new topics include a unique collection of chromosome heteromorphisms; clinical examples of genomic imprinting; an example-driven overview of chromosomal microarray; mathematics specifically geared for the cytogeneticist; usage of ISCN’s cytogenetic language to describe chromosome changes; tips for laboratory management; examples of laboratory information systems; a collection of internet and library resources; and a special chapter on animal chromosomes for the research and zoo cytogeneticist. The range of topics is thus broad yet comprehensive, offering the student a resource that teaches the procedures performed in the cytogenetics laboratory environment, and the laboratory professional with a peer-reviewed reference that explores the basis of each of these procedures. This makes it a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, and lab professionals, as well as students in a university or medical school setting.
Download or read book Cytogenomics written by Thomas Liehr and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-05-25 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytogenomics demonstrates that chromosomes are crucial in understanding the human genome and that new high-throughput approaches are central to advancing cytogenetics in the 21st century. After an introduction to (molecular) cytogenetics, being the basic of all cytogenomic research, this book highlights the strengths and newfound advantages of cytogenomic research methods and technologies, enabling researchers to jump-start their own projects and more effectively gather and interpret chromosomal data. Methods discussed include banding and molecular cytogenetics, molecular combing, molecular karyotyping, next-generation sequencing, epigenetic study approaches, optical mapping/karyomapping, and CRISPR-cas9 applications for cytogenomics. The book's second half demonstrates recent applications of cytogenomic techniques, such as characterizing 3D chromosome structure across different tissue types and insights into multilayer organization of chromosomes, role of repetitive elements and noncoding RNAs in human genome, studies in topologically associated domains, interchromosomal interactions, and chromoanagenesis. This book is an important reference source for researchers, students, basic and translational scientists, and clinicians in the areas of human genetics, genomics, reproductive medicine, gynecology, obstetrics, internal medicine, oncology, bioinformatics, medical genetics, and prenatal testing, as well as genetic counselors, clinical laboratory geneticists, bioethicists, and fertility specialists. - Offers applied approaches empowering a new generation of cytogenomic research using a balanced combination of classical and advanced technologies - Provides a framework for interpreting chromosome structure and how this affects the functioning of the genome in health and disease - Features chapter contributions from international leaders in the field
Download or read book Molecular Cytogenetics written by Yao-Shan Fan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new techniques of molecular cytogenetics, mainly fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of DNA probes to metaphase chromosomes or interphase nuclei, have been developed in the past two decades. Many FISH techniques have been implemented for diagnostic services, whereas some others are mainly used for investigational purposes. Several hundreds of FISH probes and hybridization kits are now commercially available, and the list is growing rapidly. FISH has been widely used as a powerful diagnostic tool in many areas of medicine including pediatrics, medical genetics, maternal–fetal medicine, reproductive medicine, pathology, hematology, and oncology. Frequently, a physician may be puzzled by the variety of FISH techniques and wonder what test to order. It is not uncommon that a sample is referred to a laboratory for FISH without indicating a specific test. On the other hand, a cytogeneticist or a technologist in a laboratory needs, from case to case, to determine which procedure to perform and which probe to use for an informative result. To obtain the best results, one must use the right DNA probes and have reliable protocols and measures of quality assurance in place. Also, one must have sufficient knowledge in both traditional and molecular cytogenetics, as well as the particular areas of medicine for which the test is used in order to appropriately interpret the FISH results, and to correlate them with clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Download or read book The Principles of Clinical Cytogenetics written by Steven L. Gersen and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999-03-17 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enlightening and accessible, The Principles of Clinical Cytogenetics constitutes an indispensable reference for today's physicians who depend on the cytogenetics laboratory for the diagnosis of their patients.
Download or read book Chromosome identification Medicine and Natural Sciences written by Torbjoern Caspersson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1973-01-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chromosome Identification—Technique and Applications in Biology and Medicine contains the proceedings of the Twenty-Third Nobel Symposium held at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden, on September 25-27,1972. The papers review advances in chromosome banding techniques and their applications in biology and medicine. Techniques for the study of pattern constancy and for rapid karyotype analysis are discussed, along with cytological procedures; karyotypes in different organisms; somatic cell hybridization; and chemical composition of chromosomes. This book is comprised of 51 chapters divided into nine sections and begins with a survey of the cytological procedures, including fluorescence banding techniques, constitutive heterochromatin (C-band) technique, and Giemsa banding technique. The following chapters explore computerized statistical analysis of banding pattern; the use of distribution functions to describe integrated profiles of human chromosomes; the uniqueness of the human karyotype; and the application of somatic cell hybridization to the study of gene linkage and complementation. The mechanisms for certain chromosome aberration are also analyzed, together with fluorescent banding agents and differential staining of human chromosomes after oxidation treatment. This monograph will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of biology and medicine.
Download or read book Methods in Human Cytogenetics written by E. Passarge and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume was originally intended to be an English translation of the book MetllOden in der medizinischen Cytogenetik, published in 1970. Just about then, however, a number of new techniques were introduced in human cytogenetics and soon acquired the utmost importance, parti cularly in clinical diagnosis, so that the English edition had to be con siderably enlarged. As a result, there are now twelve chapters instead of eight, and two additional authors have been called upon, Dr. KRONE and Dr. SCHNEDL. In addition to the up-to-date presentation of con ventional methods of cell culture and techniques for the preparation and identification of human chromosomes, this text covers the various tech niques of producing banding patterns and applying them in chromo some identification. Further, it deals with the culture of amniotic fluid cells and gives instructions for handling tissue-culture cells for bio chemical analysis; it thus meets the ever-increasing requirements of a modern cell-culture laboratory. To paraphrase the aims of this book, we quote part of the preface to the German edition: "It was intended to collect the various methods so as to make them accessible for laboratory use. Furthermore, it is hoped that the reader faced with current research problems will be stimulated to modify and supplement the techniques described, instead of merely applying them automatically. In a rapidly developing field, some methods are still preliminary, and no final presentation seems possible.
Download or read book Human Chromosomes written by Orlando J. Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of this well-known text provides students, researchers and technicians in the area of medicine, genetics and cell biology with a concise, understandable introduction to the structure and behavior of human chromosomes. This new edition continues to cover both basic and up-to-date material on normal and defective chromosomes, yet is particularly strengthened by the complete revision of the material on the molecular genetics of chromosomes and chromosomal defects. The mapping and molecular analysis of chromosomes is one of the most exciting and active areas of modern biomedical research, and this book will be invaluable to scientists, students, technicians and physicians with an interest in the function and dysfunction of chromosomes.
Download or read book Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing enthusiasm in the scientific community about the prospect of mapping and sequencing the human genome, a monumental project that will have far-reaching consequences for medicine, biology, technology, and other fields. But how will such an effort be organized and funded? How will we develop the new technologies that are needed? What new legal, social, and ethical questions will be raised? Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome is a blueprint for this proposed project. The authors offer a highly readable explanation of the technical aspects of genetic mapping and sequencing, and they recommend specific interim and long-range research goals, organizational strategies, and funding levels. They also outline some of the legal and social questions that might arise and urge their early consideration by policymakers.
Download or read book Advances in Human Genetics written by Harry Harris and published by Plenum Publishing Corporation. This book was released on 1970 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From reviews of previous volumes in the series: 'Extremely valuable...thoroughly recommended.'-Annals of Human Genetics 'The most lucid and stimulating discussions of the topic to be found anywhere.'-American Scientist
Download or read book Human Chromosome Methodology written by Jorge J. Yunis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Chromosome Methodology fills the need for an authoritative and up-to-date treatise which would serve as a text and reference for advances in human cytogenetics. The book includes readily comprehensible chapters that cover each phase of laboratory investigation from the preparation of materials for sex chromatin and chromosome techniques for bone marrow, blood, skin, and gonadal specimens to the subject of autoradiography and chromosome identification. Included also are guides to microscopy and photomicrography as well as an up-to-date treatment of chromosomes in disease. It is hoped that this volume will serve as an adequate guide to laboratory techniques and their applications for research workers, students of genetics, and members of the medical profession involved in setting up a laboratory of cytogenetics.
Download or read book Atlas of Human Chromosome Heteromorphisms written by H.E. Wyandt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical to the accurate diagnosis of human illness is the need to distinguish clinical features that fall within the normal range from those that do not. That distinction is often challenging and not infrequently requires considerable experience at the bedside. It is not surprising that accurate cytogenetic diagnosis is also often a challenge, especially when chromosome study reveals morphologic findings that raise the question of normality. Given the realization that modern human cytogenetics is just over five decades old, it is noteworthy that thorough documentation of normal chromosome var- tion has not yet been accomplished. One key diagnostic consequence of the inability to distinguish a “normal” variation in chromosome structure from a pathologic change is a missed or inaccurate diagnosis. Clinical cytogeneticists have not, however, been idle. Rather, progressive biotechnological advances coupled with virtual completion of the human genome project have yielded increasingly better microscopic resolution of chromosome structure. Witness the progress from the early short condensed chromosomes to the later visualization of chromosomes through banding techniques, hi- resolution analysis in prophase, and more recently to analysis by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).
Download or read book Medical Cytogenetics written by Hon Fong L. Mark and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-04-11 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only monograph on cytogenetics for the pathologist, this up-to-the-minute reference/text contains the most up-to-date research findings on many important topics in medical genetics-notably FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridation)-based molecular cytogenetic technologies and spectral karyotyping. An excellent resource for cytogeneticists prepar
Download or read book Diagnostic Cytogenetics written by Rolf-Dieter Wegner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a section on tissue culture, chromosome staining and basic information about karyotyping, this text presents nomenclature and quality standards, as well as protocols of relevance to comprehensive cytogenetic diagnostics.
Download or read book Human Chromosomes written by Eeva Therman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to human cytogenetics. It is also suitable for use as a text in a general cytogenetics course, since the basic features of chromosome structure and behavior are shared by all eukar yotes. Because my own background includes plant and animal cytoge netics, many of the examples are taken from organisms other than man. Since the book is written from a cytogeneticist's point of view, human syndromes are described only as illustrations of the effects of abnormal chromosome constitutions on the phenotype. The selection of the phe nomena to be discussed and of the photographs to illustrate them is, in many cases, subjective and arbitrary and is naturally influenced by my interests and the work done in our laboratory. The approach to citations is the exact opposite of that usually used in scientific papers. Whenever possible, the latest and/or most comprehen sive review has been cited, instead of the original publication. Thus the reader is encouraged to delve deeper into any question of interest to him or her. I am greatly indebted to many colleagues for suggestions and criticism. However, my special thanks are due to Dr. JAMES F. CROW, Dr. TRAUTE M. SCHROEDER, and Dr. CARTER DENNISTON for their courage in reading the entire manuscript. I wish to express my gratitude also to the cytogeneticists and editors who have generously permitted the use of published and unpublished photographs.
Download or read book Heredity under the Microscope written by Soraya de Chadarevian and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By focusing on chromosomes, Heredity under the Microscope offers a new history of postwar human genetics. Today chromosomes are understood as macromolecular assemblies and are analyzed with a variety of molecular techniques. Yet for much of the twentieth century, researchers studied chromosomes by looking through a microscope. Unlike any other technique, chromosome analysis offered a direct glimpse of the complete human genome, opening up seemingly endless possibilities for observation and intervention. Critics, however, countered that visual evidence was not enough and pointed to the need to understand the molecular mechanisms. Telling this history in full for the first time, Soraya de Chadarevian argues that the often bewildering variety of observations made under the microscope were central to the study of human genetics. Making space for microscope-based practices alongside molecular approaches, de Chadarevian analyzes the close connections between genetics and an array of scientific, medical, ethical, legal, and policy concerns in the atomic age. By exploring the visual evidence provided by chromosome research in the context of postwar biology and medicine, Heredity under the Microscope sheds new light on the cultural history of the human genome.
Download or read book Human Cytogenetics written by Denise E. Rooney and published by Practical Approach. This book was released on 2001 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Cytogenetics: Constitutional Analysis covers all basic aspects of human cytogenetic study other than malignancies and abnormalities. They are covered in a separate volume. Since the publication of the 2nd edition in 1992, there have been major advances in technology and the emphasis ofthis new edition is on the spectrum of technologies available to conventional and molecular cytogenetics. Perhaps the largest new development has been the transition of fluorescence in situ hybridization to an essential tool for all cytogenetecists and consequently its use in chromosome analysis iscovered in detail. Another important new technology to be described in detail is computerised image analysis. The conventional techniques have not been forgotten, with chapters on chromosome staining and banding techniques and meiotic studies. New authors have been brought in to take a fresh look atlymphocyte culture and prenatal diagnosis. As before, there is an introduction to human chromosomes, their analyses, and the application of cytogenetic investigations to clinical practice. There is also an appendix on health and safety concerns in the cytogenetics laboratory. This book will beinvaluable to any scientists using basic cytogenetics and along with its sister volume Human Cytogenetics: Malignancy and Acquired Abnormalities will be an essential purchase for any cytogenetics laboratory. The volumes are available individually or as a set.
Download or read book Plant Cytogenetics written by Hank Bass and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book provides information on plant cytogenetics for students, instructors, and researchers. Topics covered by international experts include classical cytogenetics of plant genomes; plant chromosome structure; functional, molecular cytology; and genome dynamics. In addition, chapters are included on several methods in plant cytogenetics, informatics, and even laboratory exercises for aspiring or practiced instructors. The book provides a unique combination of historical and modern subject matter, revealing the central role of plant cytogenetics in plant genetics and genomics as currently practiced. This breadth of coverage, together with the inclusion of methods and instruction, is intended to convey a deep and useful appreciation for plant cytogenetics. We hope it will inform and inspire students, researchers, and teachers to continue to employ plant cytogenetics to address fundamental questions about the cytology of plant chromosomes and genomes for years to come. Hank W. Bass is a Professor in the Department of Biological Science at Florida State University. James A. Birchler is a Professor in the Division of Biological Sciences at the University of Missouri.
