Download or read book The Metallurgy of Roman Silver Coinage written by Kevin Butcher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fineness of Roman imperial and provincial coinage has been regarded as an indicator of the broader fiscal health of the Roman Empire, with the apparent gradual decline of the silver content being treated as evidence for worsening deficits and the contraction of the supply of natural resources from which the coins were made. This book explores the composition of Roman silver coinage of the first century AD, re-examining traditional interpretations in the light of an entirely new programme of analyses of the coins, which illustrates the inadequacy of many earlier analytical projects. It provides new evidence for the supply of materials and refining and minting technology. It can even pinpoint likely episodes of recycling old coins and, when combined with the study of hoards, hints at possible strategies of stockpiling of metal. The creation of reserves bears directly on the question of the adequacy of revenues and fiscal health.
Download or read book Metallurgy of Roman Silver Coinage written by Kevin Butcher and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Metallurgy of Roman Silver Coinage written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The fineness of Roman imperial and provincial coinage has been regarded as an indicator of the broader fiscal health of the Roman Empire, with the apparent gradual decline of the silver content being treated as evidence for worsening deficits and the contraction of the supply of natural resources from which the coins were made. This book explores the composition of Roman silver coinage of the first century AD, re-examining traditional interpretations in the light of an entirely new programme of analyses of the coins, which illustrates the inadequacy of many earlier analytical projects. In addition, minor and trace elements, and lead isotopes, provide evidence for the supply of materials and refining and minting technology. Sometimes this allows us to determine the origin of the metal, whether freshly mined, or recycled. It can even pinpoint likely episodes of recycling old coins and, when combined with the study of hoards, hint at possible strategies of stockpiling of metal. The creation of reserves has a direct bearing on the question of the adequacy of revenues and fiscal health"--
Download or read book The Metallurgy of Roman Silver Coinage written by Kevin Butcher and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The fineness of Roman imperial and provincial coinage has been regarded as an indicator of the broader fiscal health of the Roman Empire, with the apparent gradual decline of the silver content being treated as evidence for worsening deficits and the contraction of the supply of natural resources from which the coins were made. This book explores the composition of Roman silver coinage of the first century AD, re-examining traditional interpretations in the light of an entirely new programme of analyses of the coins, which illustrates the inadequacy of many earlier analytical projects. In addition, minor and trace elements, and lead isotopes, provide evidence for the supply of materials and refining and minting technology. Sometimes this allows us to determine the origin of the metal, whether freshly mined, or recycled. It can even pinpoint likely episodes of recycling old coins and, when combined with the study of hoards, hint at possible strategies of stockpiling of metal. The creation of reserves has a direct bearing on the question of the adequacy of revenues and fiscal health"--
Download or read book The Metallurgy of Bosporan Silver Coinage written by Mg Abramzon and published by . This book was released on 2023-08-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the historical background of the 3rd century AD, the study of Bosporan coin production is of especial interest. The turbulent events in the Roman empire and the northern Black Sea region called forth by pressure from nomadic peoples led to parallel progressive debasement of the antoninianus and Bosporan stater. This book explores the composition of Bosporan silver coinage of the 3rd century AD, re-examining traditional interpretations in the light of an entirely new programme of analyses of the coins, and thereby illustratating the inadequacy of small earlier analytical studies. The results of the examination of ca. 3000 staters from quite a number of Bosporan hoards, conducted in 2016-21 by the methods of XRF, EPMA, NRCA, FIB-FESEM-EDX, SEM-EDX, MC-ICP-MS lead isotope analysis, etc., have enabled a comprehensive understanding of the nature of Bosporan silver coinage, especially silvering techniques, in the 3rd century. The data of microchemical and metallurgical studies of coins indicate that from AD 227/8 to 286/7 (with interruptions), staters from silver or those containing some amounts of silver (and occasionally some amount of gold) were struck on the Bosporus. During this period, debasement of the Bosporan stater was occurring, transforming it from an electrum coin into silver and billon one (issued for almost 40 years - until AD 267/8) and, finally (since AD 275), to a copper coin with silver content of about 4-6% and coated with silver.
Download or read book The Silver Coinage of Septimius Severus and His Family 193 211 A D written by Haim Gitler and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Metrology of the Roman Silver Coinage From Augustus to Domitian written by David Richard Walker and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 1976 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Debasement written by Kevin Butcher and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debasement of coinage, particularly of silver, was a common feature of pre-modern monetary systems. Most coinages were issued by state authorities and the condition of a coinage is often seen (rightly or wrongly) as an indicator of the broader fiscal health of the state that produced it. While in some cases the motives behind the debasements or reductions in standards are clear, in many cases the intentions of the issuing authorities are uncertain. Various explanations have been advanced: fiscal motives (such as a desire to profit or a to cover a deficit caused by the failure to balance expenditure and revenues); monetary motives (such as changing demand for coined money or a desire to maintain monetary stability in the face of changing values of raw materials or labour costs); pressure from groups within society that would profit from debasement; misconduct at the mint; or the decline of existing monetary standards due to circulation and wear of the coinage in circulation. Certain explanations have tended to gain favour with monetary historians of specific periods, partly reflecting the compartmentalization of scholarship. Thus the study of Roman debasements emphasizes fiscal deficits, whereas medievalists are often more prepared to consider monetary factors as contributing to debasements. To some extent these different approaches are a reflection of discrepancies in the amount of documentary evidence available for the respective periods, but the divide also underlines fundamentally different approaches to the function of coinage: Romanists have preferred to see coins as a medium for state payments; whereas medievalists have often emphasized exchange as an important function of currency. The volume is inter-disciplinary in scope. Apart from bringing together monetary historians of different periods, it also contains contributions from archaeometallurgists who have experience with the chemical and physical composition of coins and technical aspects of production of base alloys
Download or read book Roman Imperial Coinage II 3 written by Richard Abdy and published by Spink Books. This book was released on 1-01-01 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The standard reference work for Roman Imperial coinage of Hadrian now occupies a fully revised and greatly expanded standalone volume to cover the last epoch of what many consider the apogee of Roman coinage – begun with Nero’s reform of AD 64 when great effort was taken over their iconographic designs. It is also a long overdue attempt to reconcile our increased 21st century understanding of this otherwise lightly documented reign of one of the key figures in Roman history. The rich symbolism of the reign is also expressed in prodigious issues of Hadrian’s medallic pieces, many covered in RIC for the first time.
Download or read book Recycling and Reuse in the Roman Economy written by Chloë N. Duckworth and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recycling and reuse of materials and objects were extensive in the past, but have rarely been embedded into models of the economy: this volume is the first to explore these practices in the Roman economy, drawing on a variety of methodological approaches and new scientific developments in a wide-ranging interdisciplinary study.
Download or read book Ancient Metals written by David A. Scott and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the metallography and microstructure of ancient metals with several case studies included. The first volume in this series is devoted to the alloys of copper with silver, lead, tin, zinc, antimony and arsenic.
Download or read book The Functions and Use of Roman Coinage written by Fleur Kemmers and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-08-26 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do scholars of the 21st century understand the functions and use of Roman coinage? What role did it play in political communication and state payments? How were these coins used by the heterogeneous population of the Roman Empire?
Download or read book The metrology of the Roman silver coinage written by David Richard Walker and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage written by William Metcalf and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A broadly-illustrated overview of the contemporary state of Greco-Roman numismatic scholarship.
Download or read book Economic Circularity in the Roman and Early Medieval Worlds written by Jonathan Wood and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic circularity is the ability of a society to reduce waste by recycling, reusing, and repairing raw materials and finished products. This concept has gained momentum in academia, in part due to contemporary environmental concerns. Although the blurry conceptual boundaries of this term are open to a wide array of interpretations, the scholarly community generally perceives circular economy as a convenient umbrella definition that encompasses a vast array of regenerative and preservative processes. Despite the recent surge of interest, economic circularity has not been fully addressed as a macrophenomenon by historical and archaeological studies. The limitations of data and the relatively new formulation of targeted research questions mean that several processes and agents involved in ancient circular economies are still invisible to the eye of modern scholarship. Examples include forms of curation, maintenance, and repair, which must have had an influence on the economic systems of premodern societies but are rarely accounted for. Moreover, the people behind these processes, such as collectors and scavengers, are rarely investigated and poorly understood. Even better-studied mechanisms, like reuse and recycling, are not explored to their full potential within the broader picture of ancient urban economies. This volume stems from a conference held at Moesgaard Museum supported by the Carlsberg Foundation and the Centre for Urban Networks Evolutions (UrbNet) at Aarhus University. To enhance our understanding of circular economic processes, the contributions in this volume aim to expand the framework of the discussion by exploring circular economy over the longue durée and by integrating an interdisciplinary perspective. Furthermore, the volume wants to give prominence to classes of material, processes, agents, and methodologies generally overlooked or ignored in modern scholarship.
Download or read book Metal Analyses of Roman Coins Minted Under the Empire written by L. H. Cope and published by British Museum Publications Limited. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has two distinct sections. The first records and comments upon the results of L. H. Cope's metallurgical analyses of Roman Imperial coins. The commentary is based on Cope's own thesis and publications, and also takes into account work published since his death. The second part is a detailed analysis of coins from the period AD 260-275, which provides comprehensive analysis of a range of elements from a large sample, to answer questions raised by Cope on differences in alloy composition and stages of debasement. Analysis of results tables are presented in order to help others with their own research.
Download or read book The Prehistory of Metallurgy in the British Isles 5 written by R. F. Tylecote and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "First Published in 2017. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company."
