Download or read book Metal and Alloy Bonding An Experimental Analysis written by R. Saravanan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charge density analysis of materials provides a firm basis for the evaluation of the properties of materials. The design and engineering of a new combination of metals requires a firm knowledge of intermolecular features. Recent advances in technology and high-speed computation have made the crystal X-ray diffraction technique a unique tool for the determination of charge density distribution in molecular crystal. Methods have been developed to make experimental probes capable of unraveling the features of charge densities in the intra- and inter-molecular regions of crystal structures. In Metal and Alloy Bonding - An Experimental Analysis, the structural details of materials are elucidated with the X-ray diffraction technique. Analyses of the charge density and the local and average structure are given to reveal the structural properties of technologically important materials. Readers will gain a new understanding of the local and average structure of existing materials. The electron density, bonding, and charge transfer studies in Metal and Alloy Bonding - An Experimental Analysis contain useful information for researchers in the fields of physics, chemistry, materials science, and metallurgy. The properties described in these studies can contribute to the successful engineering of these technologically important materials.
Download or read book Bonding Theory for Metals and Alloys written by Frederick E. Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bonding Theory for Metals and Alloys, 2e builds on the success of the first edition by introducing new experimental data to each chapter that support the breakthrough "Covalon" Conduction Theory developed by Dr. Wang. Through the recognition of the covalent bond in coexistence with the 'free' electron band, the book describes and demonstrates how the many experimental observations on metals and alloys can all be reconciled. Subsequently, it shows how the individual view of metals and alloys by physicists, chemists and metallurgists can be unified. This book covers such phenomena as the Miscibility Gap between two liquid metals, phase equilibrium, superconductivity, superplasticity, liquid metal embrittlement, and corrosion. The author also introduces a new theory based on 'Covalon' conduction, which forms the basis for a new approach to the theory of superconductivity. Bonding Theory for Metals and Alloys, 2e is of interest to physical and theoretical chemists alongside engineers working in research and industry, as well as materials scientists, physicists, and students at the upper undergraduate and graduate level in these fields. All chapters completed revised to reflect developments in research since 2005 New experimental data added to each chapter Broadens experimental data to support the author’s "Covalon" conduction theory, which carries current in covalent bonded pairs Total of approximately 30% - 35% new and revised content
Download or read book Metallic Nanostructures written by Yujie Xiong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the design for creation of metal nanomaterials with optimal functionality for specific applications. The authors describe how to make desired metal nanomaterials in a wet lab. They include an overview of applications metal nanomaterials can be implemented in and address the fundamentals in the controlled synthesis of metal nanostructures.
Download or read book Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures written by E.E. Gdoutos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-06 with total page 1003 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains two-page abstracts of the 482 papers presented at the latest conference on the subject, in Alexandroupolis, Greece. The accompanying CD contains the full length papers. The abstracts of the fifteen plenary lectures are included at the beginning of the book. The remaining 467 abstracts are arranged in 23 tracks and 28 special symposia/sessions with 225 and 242 abstracts, respectively. The papers of the tracks have been contributed from open call, while the papers of the symposia/sessions have been solicited by the respective organizers.
Download or read book Waste Production and Utilization in the Metal Extraction Industry written by Sehliselo Ndlovu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-06-27 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly stringent environmental regulations and industry adoption of waste minimization guidelines have thus, stimulated the need for the development of recycling and reuse options for metal related waste. This book, therefore, gives an overview of the waste generation, recycle and reuse along the mining, beneficiation, extraction, manufacturing and post-consumer value chain. This book reviews current status and future trends in the recycling and reuse of mineral and metal waste and also details the policy and legislation regarding the waste management, health and environmental impacts in the mining, beneficiation, metal extraction and manufacturing processes. This book is a useful reference for engineers and researchers in industry, policymakers and legislators in governance, and academics on the current status and future trends in the recycling and reuse of mineral and metal waste. Some of the key features of the book are as follows: Holistic approach to waste generation, recycling and reuse along the minerals and metals extraction. Detailed overview of metallurgical waste generation. Practical examples with complete flow sheets, techniques and interventions on waste management. Integrates the technical issues related to efficient resources utilization with the policy and regulatory framework. Novel approach to addressing future commodity shortages.
Download or read book Mycosynthesis of Nanomaterials written by Mahendra Rai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-07-07 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mycosynthesis of Nanomaterials: Perspectives and challenges focus on the use of diverse groups of fungi for the synthesis of inorganic (metal and metalloid) and organic nanoparticles. Such synthesis is eco-friendly, economically viable, and can be carried out at ambient temperature without the use of high temperature, pressure or toxic chemicals. It also describes different techniques used for the characterization of the nanoparticles and various hypotheses put forward to elucidate the mechanistic aspect of the synthesis by fungi. There is a worldwide representation of eminent contributors including the US, Europe, Canada, Russia, India, Korea, Egypt, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Iran, and Sri Lanka. The book is interdisciplinary and essential reading for academicians.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering ICIE 2020 written by Andrey A. Radionov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 1416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights recent findings in industrial, manufacturing and mechanical engineering, and provides an overview of the state of the art in these fields, mainly in Russia and Eastern Europe. A broad range of topics and issues in modern engineering are discussed, including the dynamics of machines and working processes, friction, wear and lubrication in machines, surface transport and technological machines, manufacturing engineering of industrial facilities, materials engineering, metallurgy, control systems and their industrial applications, industrial mechatronics, automation and robotics. The book gathers selected papers presented at the 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering (ICIE), held in Sochi, Russia in May 2020. The authors are experts in various fields of engineering, and all papers have been carefully reviewed. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to a wide readership, including mechanical and production engineers, lecturers in engineering disciplines, and engineering graduates.
Download or read book Characterization of Ceramic Ferrite Magneto Electric Composites written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2023-01-05 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magneto-electric ceramic composites are important materials for designing new microwave sensors (e.g. field probes) and devices such as filters, attenuators, capacitive resonators, gyrators and devices for medical applications. The book presents new research results for the following composite systems: (1-x) BaTiO3 + x NiFe2O4 II (1-x); BaTiO3 + x ZnFe2O4; (1-x) BaTiO3 + x CoFe2O4 and (1-x) BaTiO3 + x MgFe2O4. Keywords: Magneto-Electric Composites, Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Electrical (Dielectric and P-E) Characterization, Magnetic Characterization (M-H), Structural Parameters, Morphological Studies, Elementary Analysis, Optical Studies, Electrical Studies, Magnetic Studies, Charge Density Analysis.
Download or read book Titanate Based Ceramic Dielectric Materials written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-02-25 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barium titanate is one of the most important electronic materials; due to its high permittivity, low dielectric loss and high tunability. The environment friendly material is suitable for microphones and microwave device applications such as tunable capacitors, delay lines, filters, resonators and phase shifters. Doped titanates are extensively used for various electronic devices, such as transducers, piezoelectric actuators, passive memory storage devices, dynamic random access memory (DRAM), multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), positive temperature coefficient resistors (PTCR), optoelectronic devices and infrared sensors. The book presents research results concerning the electron density distribution in a number of doped barium titanate ceramic materials using experimental X-ray diffraction data, UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The analysis of interatomic bonding and electron density distribution is important for predicting the properties of potentially important materials and has previously been lacking for the materials studied. Barium Titanate, Barium Titanate Doping, Dielectric Ceramics, Permittivity, Tunability, Transducers, Piezoelectric Actuators, Memory Storage Devices, Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors, Optoelectronic Devices, X-Ray Diffraction Data, UV-Visible Spectrophotometry, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, Interatomic Bonding, Electron Density Distribution, Ceramic Property Predictions.
Download or read book Multiferroic Materials written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2023-02-15 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magnetoelectric properties of multiferroic materials have a high potential for applications in the fields of data storage, spin valves, spintronics, memories, sensors and microelectronic devices. The book presents both a detailed literature review of the field, and the experimental results obtained from various characterization and analytical techniques performed on four series of lanthanum orthoferrite type multiferroics. These materials have been used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), magneto-hydrodynamic power generation (MHD), capacitors and energy storage devices in microelectronics, non-volatile magnetic memory devices and ferroelectric random access memories (Fe-RAM). Keywords: Multiferroics, Lanthanum Orthoferrites, Ferromagnetism, Ferroelectricity, Electrical Conductivity, Thermal Stability, Dielectric Constant, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), Magneto-Hydrodynamic Power Generation (MHD), Capacitors, Energy Storage Devices, Magnetic Memory Devices, Ferroelectric Random Access Memories (Fe-RAM), Charge Density Measurements..
Download or read book Dilute Magnetic Semiconducting DMS Materials written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors (DMS) play a vital role in modern electronics industry. It is important to understand the fundamental properties of these materials in order to apply them to their full potential. This book presents an analysis of the charge density distribution and other properties of some silicon and germanium based diluted magnetic semiconductors. A quantitative analysis of the charge density distribution has been done in order to obtain measurements of the charges involved in the bonding, which are decisive for the physical and chemical properties of the DMS materials. Also, the local structures of the materials have been analyzed by studying their powder X-ray diffraction intensities. Analysis of the magnetic properties of the DMS materials is mandatory and has been accomplished by magnetic measurements carried out using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The morphology of the DMS materials has been studied using scanning electron micrographs.
Download or read book Nano Semiconducting Materials written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2016-06-01 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their unique optical, thermal, catalytic, magnetic and electronic properties, nano-sized semiconductors have a huge potential in a great number of technological applications, ranging from photovoltaics and photocatalysis to biosensors and medicine. In the last couple of decades, the synthesis and characterization of these materials has been of key interest not only to materials scientists but also to researchers working in the field of physics, chemistry, molecular biology and medicine. The main focus of the present book is the characterization of a number of nano-semiconducting materials, using such techniques as powder X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectrophotometry, Raman spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The materials studied include ZnS, TiO2, NiO, Ga doped ZnO, Mn doped SnO2, Mn doped CeO2 and Mn doped ZrO2. Of special interest has been the analysis of the electron density distribution within the nano samples. The results give deep insights into the atomic structures on which these crystals are based and on the binding characteristics between the atoms and the ways in which these characteristics can be changed. As the decisive properties of these materials depend upon the electron density distributions and their variations due to sample preparation specifics, temperature and the presence of doping elements, these results give important hints on the direction in which further research should be directed.
Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cell SOFC Materials written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing materials for SOFC applications is one of the key topics in energy research. The book focuses on manganite structured materials, such as doped lanthanum chromites and lanthanum manganites, which have interesting properties: thermal and chemical stability, mixed ionic and electrical conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, magnetocaloric property and colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). These materials have applications in solid oxide fuel cells, high temperature NOx sensors, hard disk read heads, magnetic sensors and magnetoresistive random access memories. For the first time, the charge density distributions have been studied in these materials as synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction. Charge density analysis is helpful in understanding the physical and chemical properties of materials and in developing optimized structures. The morphological, elemental, optical and magnetic properties of the materials have also been studied. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC, Manganite Structured Materials, Lanthanum Chromites, Lanthanum Manganites, Electrocatalytic Activity, Magnetocaloric Property, Colossal Magnetoresistance, High Temperature NOx Sensors, Hard Disk Read Heads, Magnetic Sensors, Magnetoresistive Random Access Memories, Charge Density Distribution
Download or read book Lead free Piezo Ceramic Solid Solutions written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-11-25 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover in this book the results of a systematic investigation of the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of promising lead-free solid solution ceramics. Lead-based perovskite ceramics are most important for piezoelectric and ferroelectric devices, but the toxicity of lead has raised serious environmental issues. This is why much research presently is concerned with the development of efficient lead-free systems. Lead-free ceramics with the most promising piezoelectric properties are based on barium titanate, modified sodium potassium niobate, sodium bismuth titanate, etc. The present book presents the results of a systematic investigation of the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of this type of lead-free solid solution ceramics as obtained by way of powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric measurements. Also determined was the electron density distribution of five series of lead-free barium titanate piezoelectric ceramics using experimental X-ray diffraction data.
Download or read book Ferrite Materials for Memory Applications written by R. Saravanan and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the modern world, the life style of humans is greatly influenced by electronic gadgets. These electronic gadgets need semiconducting and magnetic materials. In particular, the magnetic materials which find applications in almost all such gadgets need to be researched and better understood. Magnetism has diverse applications, from simple “loadstone” to complex DNA sequencing. The aim of this book is to describe the synthesis and characterization of various nano ferrite materials used for memory applications. It is now well established that materials synthesized in nanometer scale have novel properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The distinct feature of the book is the construction of charge density diagrams of ferrites by using the maximum entropy method (MEM). It is analyzed how the charge density distribution in the ferrite unit cell affects charge related properties. Magnetic Materials, Nano Ferrite Materials Characterization Techniques, Dielectric Studies, Maximum Entropy Method (MEM), Magnetic Properties, Optical Properties, Dielectric Properties
Download or read book Layered Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion written by Dongsheng Geng and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The considerable interest in graphene and 2D materials is sparking intense research on layered materials due to their unexpected physical, electronic, chemical, and optical properties. This book will provide a comprehensive overview of the recent and state-of-the-art research progress on layered materials for energy storage and other applications. With a brief introduction to layered materials, the chapters of this book gather various fascinating topics such as electrocatalysis for fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, photovoltaic devices, thermoelectric devices, supercapacitors and water splitting. Unique aspects of layered materials in these fields, including novel synthesis and functionalization methods, particular physicochemical properties and consequently enhanced performance are addressed. Challenges and perspectives for layered materials in these fields will also be presented. With contributions from key researchers, Layered Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion will be of interest to students, researchers and engineers worldwide who want a basic overview of the latest progress and future directions.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: Recent Advances, Techniques and Applications, Volume Six, Second Edition, presents the latest in a series that has been well received by the thermal analysis and calorimetry community. This volume covers recent advances in techniques and applications that complement the earlier volumes. There has been tremendous progress in the field in recent years, and this book puts together the most high-impact topics selected for their popularity by new editors Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick—all editors of Thermochimica Acta. Among the important new techniques covered are biomass conversion; sustainable polymers; polymer nanocompsoties; nonmetallic glasses; phase change materials; propellants and explosives; applications to pharmaceuticals; processes in ceramics, metals, and alloys; ionic liquids; fast-scanning calorimetry, and more. Features 19 all-new chapters to bring readers up to date on the current status of the field Provides a broad overview of recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications Includes chapters authored by a recognized leader in each field and compiled by a new team of editors, each with at least 20 years of experience in the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry Enables applications across a wide range of modern materials, including polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics, energetics and pharmaceutics Overviews the current status of the field and summarizes recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications