Download or read book Metabolic Effects of Pesticide Exposure During Embryogenesis in Medaka Oryzias Latipes and Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha written by Christopher Aaron Pincetich and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Developmental and Reproductive Effects of Triclocarban on Japanese Medaka Oryzias Latipes written by Ida Janella Flores and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Triclocarban (TCC; 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide) is an antibacterial agent that kills bacteria by disrupting cell membrane permeability. TCC is commonly used in personal products such as soaps, detergents, lotions and wipes. TCC was introduced commercially over fifty years ago in the United States and in Europe, and now it is one of the most frequently and widely detected chemicals in aquatic systems. There is a growing concern that the presence of TCC in the environment may pose unwanted toxic effects to animal health. One key concern is the potential of TCC affecting the endocrine system, which is essential throughout an organism's lifetime. Processes involved in growth, nutrition, reproduction and behavior are all controlled by the endocrine system. In this dissertation, I aimed to identify the developmental and reproductive effects of TCC in fish by investigating endpoints at multiple levels of biological organization. In chapter one, the bioaccumulation, metabolism and elimination of TCC were measured in larval medaka. One-week-old female larvae were exposed to 20 [mu]g/L of TCC for 24 hours and water and fish were sampled throughout the exposure. TCC and metabolites were quantified by online solid phase extraction liquid chromatography-tandem electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Results showed that in fish tissue high bioaccumulation of TCC was achieved and a calculated bioconcentration factor (BCF) of log BCF 2.9. Also, oxidative metabolites of TCC were measured in tissue and in water samples demonstrating the first evidence of metabolism and elimination of TCC by fish. From the first study, it was determined that as a result of continuous TCC exposure, a steady concentration of TCC was present in fish tissue thus during prolonged exposures there may be the potential for negative biological effects in fish. Effects on development and reproduction were examined. To investigate developmental effects, medaka embryos were exposed to levels of TCC from 0 to 3,900 ng/L for 14 days. Organogenesis was monitored during specific time-points and heart rate was measured at 144 days post-fertilization. Hatching success, time-to-hatch, and soluble epoxide (sEH) enzyme activity was also measured. TCC had no effect on survival of embryos and had minimal effect on delay in hatching. A dose-dependent increase in heart rate was also observed. Analysis of sEH activity revealed sex-specific effects in alteration. Females exhibited sEH activation at low concentrations and sEH inhibition at higher concentrations while males exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of the enzyme. The results from this study showed that TCC at environmentally relevant levels has an effect on the health of the developing embryo. The objective of the final chapter was to examine reproductive effects as a result of a full-life chronic exposure to TCC. Medaka embryos were continuously bath-exposed to control (reconstituted water), vehicle control (ethanol), and concentrations of 0.39, 1.36, and 3.71 [mu]g/L of TCC for 3 months until the fish became reproductively active. Health indices, gonad histology, protein and gene expression related to endocrine disruption, fertility, and fecundity were measured. There were no significant differences in condition factor and gonadosomatic index in males and females. A significant increase was observed in hepatosomatic index of females at the 3.71[mu]g/L of TCC treatment group but no significant differences were observed in the males. Adverse effects on fecundity were observed at the 3.71 [mu]g/L level of TCC, as females produced significantly lower number of eggs than control groups. Estrogen responsive genes showed a trend toward down-regulation in liver and gonads though in male testes, expression of ER beta 2 was significantly up-regulated. This full life-cycle assessment revealed that TCC affects the fish endocrine system and can cause adverse outcomes on fish reproduction.

Download or read book Fish Physiology Organic Chemical Toxicology of Fishes written by Keith B. Tierney and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish Physiology: Organic Chemical Toxicology of Fishes discusses the different types of organic chemical contaminants and their respective toxic effects in fish. The book also covers the detection of dissolved organic compounds and methods to assess organic toxicity. Substances addressed in this book include organometallics, hydrocarbons, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), insecticides, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals. Fish are exposed to an ever-increasing array of organic chemicals that find their way into rivers and oceans. Some of these compounds are no longer being produced but nonetheless persist within the environment (persistent organic pollutants, or POPs). The exposure of fish to toxic organic compounds has potential impact on human, fish, and ecosystem health. Yet the regulations that govern environmental water quality vary worldwide, and compliance is never complete. This book provides a crucial resource on these issues for researchers in zoology, fish physiology, and related fields; applied researchers in environmental monitoring, conservation biology, and toxicology; and university-level students and instructors in these areas. Organized by type of toxic organic chemicals Includes metals, POPs, EDCs, herbicides, insecticides, and pharmaceuticals Measures toxicity in a variety of ways aside from lethality Probes the toxic effects of compound mixtures as well as single pollutants

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 2212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.

Download or read book Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Short term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pesticide Toxicity to Non target Organisms written by Johnson Stanley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pesticide should cause effect on the target pests and be selective enough to spare the non-target beneficial. The book deals with the pesticide toxicity to predators, parasitoids and microbes which are used for pest management in the agroecosystem. The other beneficials exposed to pesticides are pollinators, earthworms, silkworm and fishes. The book contains information on the modes of pesticide exposure and toxicity to the organisms, sub-lethal effects of insecticides and method of toxicity assessment, risk assessment of pesticidal application in the field. The purpose of the work is to compile and present the different procedures to assess pesticide poising in organisms related to the agroecosystem along with discussions on risk assessment procedures with clear comparison of toxicity of pesticides to target pests and non target beneficial organisms.

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Risk Management Strategy for PCB Contaminated Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-07 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a risk-based framework for developing and implementing strategies to manage PCB-contaminated sediments at sites around the country. The framework has seven stages, beginning with problem definition, continuing through assessment of risks and management options, and ending with an evaluation of the success of the management strategy. At the center of the framework is continuous and active involvement of all affected parties-particularly communities-in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the management strategy. A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments emphasizes the need to consider all risks at a contaminated site, not just human health and ecological effects, but also the social, cultural, and economic impacts. Given the controversy that has arisen at many PCB-contaminated sites, this book provides a consistent, yet flexible, approach for dealing with the many issues associated with assessing and managing the risks at Superfund and other contaminated sites.

Download or read book Ambient Aquatic Life Water Quality Criteria for Nonylphenol written by L. T. Brooke and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 204 written by David M. Whitacre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.

Download or read book Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology written by Rex A. Dunham and published by CABI. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic improvement of fish for aquaculture and related fisheries has seen huge advances over recent years. Building upon the previous two editions of Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology: Genetic Approaches, this 3rd edition offers a presentation of traditional selective breeding, modern genetic biotechnology, genomics, gene transfer and gene editing, and the latest developments in genetic biotechnology such as epigenetics, xenogenesis and genome-wide association study coupled with commercial application, the impact of government regulation and expectations for the future. It provides a firm grounding in relevant aspects of classical genetics, before focusing on particular aspects such as sex reversal and breeding as applied in aquaculture and fisheries. It also explores how more recent molecular genetics, genomics and biotechnology techniques can be used and combined in improvement programmes for fish and aquaculture species. A glossary explains the latest terminology used in biotechnology and genetics. This book will be useful for research scientists and students in marine biotechnology, aquaculture biotechnology, and fish genetics and breeding.

Download or read book Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic Environment written by Peter M. Chapman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-05-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the work and contributions of 46 scientists, managers, and policymakers, Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic Environment documents the state of the science and explores how to use this information when assessing and managing the environmental effects of Se. A focused discussion on the fate and effects of Se in aquatic ecosyste

Download or read book Target Organ Toxicity in Marine and Freshwater Teleosts written by Daniel Schlenk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the numerous gaps in current information, Target Organ Toxicology in Marine and Freshwater Teleosts is an essential resource for researchers and professionals in aquatic toxicology and environmental risk assessment. All the chapters are written by researchers who are internationally recognised for their work in mechanistic aspects of aquatic toxicology. Each chapter focuses on a specific target organ or physiological system and describes how various agents disrupt the normal physiological system and processes. This volume is devoted to specific organs with coverage of the gill, kidney, skin, liver and gut. The companion volume, Systems, provides coverage of toxic effects in the central nervous, immune, neurobehavioural and reproductive systems as well as describing general mechanisms of toxicity.