Download or read book The Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere written by R. M. Johnson and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1995-01-09 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 87. This volume provides a review of progress made in recent years in experimental and theoretical investigation of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere and coupling between these regions and the ionosphere. Detailed study of the mesosphere/lower thermosphere/ionosphere (MLTI) region has historically been difficult because of its relative inaccessibility to direct measurement techniques and the complex and highly coupled processes which occur there. Although we have still not successfully unraveled all these complex interactions, we have made significant recent progress toward a fuller understanding of the basic state of the MLTI and of the dominant wave and coupling processes. This monograph includes a set of tutorial papers, which review our current understanding of aspects of the MLTI. These tutorials are interspersed with a selection of papers describing research progress on various topics of current interest in this region. The book should therefore be useful both to the newcomer, as an introduction to this field of research, and to the more experienced researcher, providing an overview of research in progress as well as a convenient reference collection of papers describing our current understanding.

Download or read book Mesospheric Models and Related Experiments written by G. Fiocco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 1967 ESRIN and ESLAB, the two ESRO laboratories primarily concerned with basic research, held a joint symposium on Satellite and Rocket Measurements of Corpuscular Radiation from Outer Space. This was followed in September 1968 by a second symposium: Low-Frequency Waves and Irregularities in the Ionosphere; and in September 1969 by a third: Intercorrelated Satellite Observations Related to Solar Events. A fourth symposium, on upper atmospheric models and related experiments, took place in Frascati, 6-10 July 1970. The main aim of the symposium was to ~ssess current experimental work - both field and laboratory - related to mesospheric struc ture and composition, in the light of theoretical work on atmospheric models and atomic and molecular processes. To foster an interdisciplinary approach, the meeting brought together approximately 50 scientists working with different techniques but having a common interest in the interpretation of meso spheric phenomena. Recent work such as that presented at the symposium has deepened our knowledge of upper atmospheric composition, and increased our understanding of upper atmo spheric temperature and dynamics. In particular, it has shown that the concentration of minor species in the atmosphere is somewhat different than expected. Theoretical models have not yet considered many of the minor constituents and have generally not included dynamical effects. It is now time to reconsider these models and elaborate them in the light of recent knowledge.

Download or read book Temporal Variations of Mesospheric Oxygen and Ozone During Auroral Events written by Kaichi Maeda and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Dynamic Meteorology of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere written by James Holton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the meteorology of the stratosphere and mesophere has been simulated in the past few years by concerns over possible depletion of the ozone layer as a result of reactions involving pollutants introduced by human activities. Concurrently there has been an upsurge in research on various aspects of the meteorology of the stratosphere. This monograph provides an account of the fundamental dynamical processes which control the general circulation of the stratosphere and mesophere and are thus responsible for the transport of trace substances in that region of the atmosphere. Principles necessary for understanding the dynamics of large-scale motions in the stratosphere and mesosphere are systematically developed so that this monograph should prove useful not only as a reference work for research scientists, but as a textbook for courses in dynamic meteorology of the upper atmosphere.

Download or read book Small Scale Processes in the Mesosphere lower Thermosphere Region written by Markus Rapp and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Earth s Ionosphere written by Michael C. Kelley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although interesting in its own right, due to the ever-increasing use of satellites for communication and navigation, weather in the ionosphere is of great concern. Every such system uses trans-ionospheric propagation of radio waves, waves which must traverse the commonly turbulent ionosphere. Understanding this turbulence and predicting it are one of the major goals of the National Space Weather program. Acquiring such a prediction capability will rest on understanding the very topics of this book, the plasma physics and electrodynamics of the system. - Fully updated to reflect advances in the field in the 20 years since the first edition published - Explores the buffeting of the ionosphere from above by the sun and from below by the lower atmosphere - Unique text appropriate both as a reference and for coursework

Download or read book Horizontal Launch and Reentry of Reentry Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Mean Observed Meteorological Structure and Circulation of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Meteorological soundings of the upper stratosphere and mesosphere, conducted with in situ rocket techniques during all seasons of the year from several sites, ranging in latitude from 8 deg S to 71 deg N, are analyzed. The resulting data are compiled into mean monthly and seasonal profiles of temperature, pressure, density, and wind for each site and are presented in graphical and tabular form. Analyses of these mean values produced time cross sections, quasi-meridional cross sections, and constant level maps which are included."--NTIS abstract.

Download or read book Winds and Circulations in the Mesosphere written by Thomas J. Keegan and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some preliminary analysis are presented of the winds and circulations in the mesosphere based upon the first year of data collected by the Meteorological Rocket Network. Differences between winds determined from radar targets released by rockets and those from the conventional balloon technique are discussed briefly. T er atmosphere, Meteorological data, *Sounding rockets, Diurnal variations, North America, *Wind. Open-ended Terms: Mesosphere. Some preliminary analysis are presented of the winds and circulations in the mesosphere based upon the first year of data collected by the Meteorological Rocket Network. Differences between winds determined from radar targets released by rockets and those from the conventional balloon technique are discussed briefly. The scale of seasonal, daily, and vertical wind variations is illustrated by wind profiles and time cross-sections. They demonstrate clearly the seasonal reversal of mesospheric winds and the existence of large, wind-speed variations over periods of only several days. They also reveal that vertical wind shears of 0.030 per sec, and probably greater, exist at about 180,000 ft. A relationship is indicated between mesospheric circulation changes and subsequent tropospheric circulation changes. Examples are shown of the circulation over North America in spring and summer at heights up to 180,000 ft. Analysis of rocket wind-data indicates that the techniques are sound and that much can be learned by more intensive analysis. (Author).

Download or read book Bang to Eternity and Betwixt written by John Hussey and published by John Hussey. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 3555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the Cosmos from before the Big Bang through to the creation of our universe and up to but not including our arrival on stage; our will is not yet imposed, we had no hand, act nor part in its provisions, beyond investigating to understand what has been delivered us. The many aspects of the Cosmos are melded, in a headline driven style, to paint a cohesive picture as well as allowing the reader choose to delve further where they may choose to paint their personal picture. Cosmos – includes; • The creation mechanism for our Universe and why there exists a possible Multiverse. • The creation mechanisms of the galaxies with their diversity of Star types. • The space exploration of our Solar System. • The Earth and Moon from their birth to their life driving engines for our planet. • The evolutionary processes that led to our arrival on the planet. • Our natural world with its great events. • Documentary video links on all topics of the book are included. The story is factual in manner, in the proper tradition of reporting, no personal opinions are expressed. The life stories of the standout personalities, in text and video, without whom what is now known, could not have been unraveled, in the case of Cosmos, they are; • Galileo Galilei • Isaac Newton • Albert Einstein • Charles Darwin This is a Video Book, vBook, beyond its text there are 150+ video titles, 100+ viewing hours, downloaded and stored locally on your computer, to be able to watch anytime, offline, without the need for local internet connection. Google ‘Cosmos’ and you get about 27,800,000 search results, so over these last several years I’ve searched out the best documentary videos with their hyperlinks included here, blending their content to report cohesively, supplementing, where appropriate, from Wikipedia and also include those hyperlinks for readers wanting to delve further. The ‘List of Contents’ runs to 6 levels to provide a form of map to the reader as the reporting sequence is not a mere chronology of Cosmic events, it delves, as necessary into the stories as to how the events became understood to us. There is a 7th level, hyperlinked, at its base, which brings further background content, from Wikipedia, to those who choose to read further into any of the topics. The ‘Index’ allows navigation for the reader who has specific interests to investigate through the fabric of the report. The ‘Text’ is structured to 4 levels beginning with the primary, headline driven, main body content followed by relevant Wikipedia extracts, indented in purple, for those choosing to read further into a particular topic through to hyperlinked Wikipedia - Full Article text within the book and in turn out to the website itself. For the reader that wants to stay with the big picture, main body content, there is a “Skip” link to take you past each of the extracts, on to the next headline title and main body content. There are 150+ video content links delivering 100+ hours of viewing time, of the best documentary film available online. The main sequence structure is; • Cosmology – Universe & Multiverse • Geology – Earth & Moon • Biology – Life – Plant & Animal • Ecology – Evolution & Environment – Plant, Animal & Human Special Edition There is also a Special Edition of this book available for US$49.95 which streams all video content from a secure Cloud Drive; therefore, video content cannot be removed by third party video platform providers such as YouTube, DailyMotion, Vimeo….. This Standard Edition streams from these. The Cloud Drive Server also allows you conveniently download to your local drive, as much video content as you choose, to watch, offline, at a time that best suits you. To view or purchase, paste the books ASIN: B00LEWY5WW into the Kindle Store search box. If you've any queries, feel welcome to contact [email protected]

Download or read book Acoustic Heating of the Polar Night Mesosphere written by Kaichi Maeda and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Middle Atmosphere Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Persistence of Small scale Features in the Mesospheric Wind Field written by Bernhard Lettau and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A special series of nine paired ROBIN falling sphere soundings was obtained over a six-hour period on 6 March 1965, as part of an investigation into the small-scale features of the wind field in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere. These soundings allow a simultaneous analysis of the temporal and spatial extent of the observed wave-like variations of the zonal wind. In the mesosphere (the altitude interval between 45 and 60 km) such variations are persistent. Individual features are followed throughout the six-hour observation program, and laterally extended. Soundings separated by 50 km show quite good correspondence among gross features. The interpretation of the wind oscillations as evidence of internal waves is considered, and horizontal and vertical wave parameters are determined. Vertical wavelengths are computed to be of the order of 3 km, while horizontal wave lengths are determined to be about 400 km, leading to a horizontal/vertical scale ratio of 120:1. There are also suggestions of horizontal and vertical wave amplitudes of about 5 m/sec and 4 cm/sec, and periods of oscillation of about 13 hours. (Author).

Download or read book Internal Gravity Waves Observed in Mesospheric Temperature Measurements written by S. P. Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature height profiles determined from falling sphere and Arcasonde measurements, made at White Sands, New Mexico from 23 to 25 January 1967, exhibit unusually large variability in the vicinity of the mesopause. Spatial and temporal analysis of the data exhibit a wave-like structure with vertical half wavelengths of the order of 3 and 30 km and a characteristic period of approximately 12 hours for the longer wavelength. Comparison with meteorological data below 60 km and application of appropriate theory leads to the tentative suggestion that the observed temperature variations were due to internal gravity waves. The analysis also infers that the source of these waves was a large scale, low altitude (approximately 200 mb) synoptic disturbance. This work has been performed in support of re-entry studies for Air Force space vehicles and investigations for improving DOD missile impact prediction capability. (Author).

Download or read book The Layers of Earth s Atmosphere written by Elizabeth Borngraber and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth's atmospheric layers include the exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. How and why have scientists divided Earth's atmosphere into these layers? What exactly are these layers made up of? What happens in each layer? Readers will learn the answers to these questions and more in this enriching text that supports curricular science studies. Readers will identify the various traits of each of the atmospheric layers, ascertain their functions, and appreciate their significance in regulating conditions on Earth.

Download or read book Dynamical Characteristics of Inertia Gravity Waves in the Antarctic Mesosphere written by Ryosuke Shibuya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the origins and dynamical characteristics of atmospheric inertia-gravity waves in the Antarctic mesosphere. Gravity waves are relatively small-scale atmospheric waves with a restoring force of buoyancy that can transport momentum upward from the troposphere to the middle atmosphere. In previous studies, the dynamical characteristics of mesospheric gravity waves have not been fully examined using numerical simulations, since performing a numerical simulation with a high resolution and a high model-top requires considerable computational power. However, recent advances in computational capabilities have allowed us to perform numerical simulations using atmospheric general circulation models, which cover the troposphere to the mesosphere with a sufficiently fine horizontal resolution to resolve small-scale gravity waves. The book first describes the simulation of mesospheric gravity waves using a high-resolution non-hydrostatic atmospheric model with a high model top. The accuracy of the numerical results was confirmed by the first Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere/Incoherent Scattering (MST/IS) radar observation in the Antarctic. It also depicts the origins and propagation processes of mesospheric gravity waves on the basis of the results of the high-resolution numerical model. The behaviors of mesospheric gravity waves can be clearly explained using both fundamental and cutting-edge theories of fluid dynamics

Download or read book Science 101 Weather written by Trudy E. Bell and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science 101: Weather is the essential introduction to the Earth's ever-changing weather and climate, from the humid equator to the ice-covered poles. Find out how weather both wreaks destruction and creates breathtaking mirages, rainbows, and other atmospheric marvels. Describes the past and present of the atmosphere and what the future may bring for all life on Earth Highlights new technologies and breakthroughs in meteorological satellites and climate research More than 250 full-color photographs and illustrations Ready Reference section with at-a-glance temperature maps and graphs, and a special feature on professional storm chasers Perfect at-home reference for students, families, and the weatherperson in us all