Download or read book Speech Memory and Meaning written by Boris Gasparov and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2010-04-23 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book pursues a usage-oriented strategy of language description by infusing it with the central concept of post-structural semiotics and literary theory - that of intertextual memory. Its principal claim is that all new facts of language are grounded in the speakers' memory of previous experiences of using language. It is a "speech to speech" model: every new fact of speech is seen as emerging out of recalled fragments that are reiterated and manipulated at the same time. By the same token, the new meaning is always superscribed on something familiar and recognizable as its (more or less radical) alteration. The model offers a way to describe the meaning of language as an open-ended process, the way the meaning of literary works is described in modern literary criticism. The basic unit of the intertextual model is the Communicative Fragment (CF). A CF is a fraction of speech of any shape, meaning, and stylistic provenance, which speakers recognize and, as a consequence, treat as a whole. Its chief attributes are a prefabricated shape, an integral meaning (i.e., perceived as a whole whose scope always goes beyond the analyzable), and a specific communicative "texture" alluding at a speech genre, a tangible speech situation, and profiles of the speaker and the implied addressee. Although a CF has a recognizable shape, it is not as definitively set as that of stationary linguistic signs (words and morphemes). A CF can be tempered with, truncated or expanded, adapted to and fused with other CFs. The book describes in detail typical devices by which speakers manipulate their resources of linguistic memory, whose ever-new constellations in speech create infinite possibilities for new variations and shades of meaning. The book is of interest to linguists in such diverse fields as Cognitive Linguistics, discourse analysis, functional linguistics, language pedagogy, translation studies, semiotics, and the philosophy of language.

Download or read book Memory Metaphors and Meaning written by Nicolae Babuts and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literature explores the human condition, the mystery of the world, life and death, as well as our relations with others, and our desires and dreams. It differs from science in its aims and methods, but Babuts shows in other respects that literature has much common ground with science. Both aim for an authentic version of truth. To this end, literature employs metaphors, and it does so in a manner similar to that of scientific inquiry.The cognitive view does not imply that there is a one-to-one correlation between the world and text, that meaning belongs to the author, or that literature is equivalent to perception. What it does maintain is that meaning is crucially dependent on mnemonic initiatives and that without memory, the world remains meaningless. Nicolae Babuts claims that at the interface with the printed page, readers process texts in a manner similar to the way they explain the visible world: in segments or units of meaning or dynamic patterns.Babuts argues that humans achieve recognition by integrating stimulus sequences with corresponding patterns that recognize and interpret each segment of a text. Memory produces meaning from these patterns. In harmony with its goals, memory may adopt specific strategies to deal with different stimuli. Dynamic patterns link the unit of processing with the unit of meaning. In sum, Babuts proposes that meaning is achieved through metaphors and narrative, and that both are ways to reach cognitive goals. This original study offers perspectives that will interest cognitive psychologists, as well as those simply interested in the process through which literature stirs the human imagination.

Download or read book Dynamic Memory Idioms and Phrases written by Tarun Chakravarty and published by Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2015-01-23 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An idiom is an expression (i.e., term or phrase) whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal definitions and the arrangement of its parts, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only through common use. Idioms are, in essence, often colloquial metaphors ó terms which require some foundational knowledge, information, or experience when used. Using idioms in our writing is a fun way to add humour and tell the story in a different way. Idioms also help us with the second trait of writing Word Choice. This book is a comprehensive collection of most expressive Idioms & Phrases.

Download or read book Language and Memory Understanding Their Interactions Interdependencies and Shared Mechanisms written by Melissa Duff and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language and memory have historically been studied apart, as unique cognitive abilities, and with distinct research traditions and methods. Over the past several decades, however, a growing body of evidence suggests that language and memory are heavily intertwined and may even rely on shared cognitive and neural mechanisms. Cutting across theoretical and methodological approaches, these findings offer novel insights into the interactions and interdependencies of language and memory. These advances also have considerable theoretical and clinical implications for the neurobiology of language and memory, their development, representation, and maintenance across the lifespan, the intervention and rehabilitation of disorders of language and memory, and the evolution of these two quintessential human abilities.

Download or read book Memory written by Sven Bernecker and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-12-24 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Sven Bernecker investigates the defining characteristics of memory and the issues essential to understanding it. The book gives a comprehensive philosophical account of memory and illuminates issues central to contemporary discussions of metaphysics and epistemology such as personal identity, causation, mental content, and justification. Bernecker argues that remembering something, unlike knowing something, does not require having a belief. There are also instances where one has a memory but no justification for what one remembers. These surprising results suggest that remembering something requires standing in an appropriate causal relation to the relevant past representation. The book shows that a distinction needs to be made between the causal dependence of a memory on a past representation and the causal dependence of a memory on that which retains the past representation. This distinction turns out to be crucial for discerning cases of remembering from instances where some content is learned anew rather than recalled. The book proposes a theory of memory contents whereby they are determined by relations the subject bears to his past physical or social environment rather than by states internal to the subject. This theory is shown to be compatible with the compelling psychological criterion of personal identity. Against the background of the theory of memory contents, Bernecker maintains that a memory content need not be the same as, but only similar to, the content of the representation from which it causally derives. This view has interesting results for the debate over false memories and the theory of self-knowledge.

Download or read book The Representation of Meaning in Memory PLE Memory written by Walter Kintsch and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1974, this volume presents empirical and theoretical investigations of the role of meaning in psychological processes. A theory is proposed for the representation of the meaning of texts, employing ordered lists of propositions. The author explores the adequacy of this representation, with respect to the demands made upon such formulations by logicians and linguists. A sufficiently large number of problems are encompassed by the propositional theory to justify its use in psychological research into memory and language comprehension. A number of different experiments are reported on a wide variety of topics, and these test central portions of this theory, and any that purports to deal with how humans represent meaning. Among the topics discussed are the role of lexical decomposition in comprehension and memory, propositions as the units of recall, and the effects of the number of propositions in a text base upon reading rate and recall. New problems are explored, such as inferential processes during reading, differences in levels of memory for text, and retrieval speed for textual information. On the other hand, a study of retrieval from semantic memory focusses on a problem of much current research. The final review chapter relates the present work to other current research in the area at the time.

Download or read book Assimilative Memory or How to Attend and Never Forget written by A. Loisette and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-08-01 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of "Assimilative Memory; or, How to Attend and Never Forget" by A. Loisette. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Aphasia and Language Disorders written by Anastasia M. Raymer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Aphasia and Language Disorders' integrates neural and cognitive perspectives, providing a comprehensive overview of the complex language and communication impairments that arise in individuals with acquired brain damage.

Download or read book The Mobility of Memory written by Luisa Passerini and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration is most concretely defined by the movement of human bodies, but it leaves indelible traces on everything from individual psychology to major social movements. Drawing on extensive field research, and with a special focus on Italy and the Netherlands, this interdisciplinary volume explores the interrelationship of migration and memory at scales both large and small, ranging across topics that include oral and visual forms of memory, archives, and artistic innovations. By engaging with the complex tensions between roots and routes, minds and bodies, The Mobility of Memory offers an incisive and empirically grounded perspective on a social phenomenon that continues to reshape both Europe and the world.

Download or read book 50 Bank PO and Clerk 2016 18 Previous Years Memory Based Papers eBook written by Adda247 Publications and published by Adda247 Publications. This book was released on with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ebook is replete with 5000+ questions with 100% solutions which will help the candidate in cracking any competitive exam with ease. Then practicing with previous years' papers can help you to get an idea of the difficulty level and types of questions asked in various Bank PO and Clerk exams. You will also get 500+ previous years' questions of Banking and Static Awareness in this ebook to help you prepare the General Awareness section which will be definitely there in almost every Bank PO and Clerk recruitment exam.

Download or read book Long Term Memory Problems in Children and Adolescents written by Milton J. Dehn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-08-02 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This book will be a valuable resource for psychologists and educators who work with children or adolescents who are having difficulties with memory and learning. Translating theory and research into practice is a talent that Dr. Dehn possesses and we will benefit from his professional skills.” — From the Foreword by Daniel C. Miller, PhD, ABPP, ABSNP, NCSP AN INDISPENSABLE GUIDE THAT EXAMINES THE EFFECT OF LONG-TERM MEMORY FUNCTIONS ON CHILDREN’S LEARNING Long-Term Memory Problems in Children and Adolescents: Assessment, Intervention, and Effective Instruction is the first book of its kind for psychologists, school psychologists, and special education teachers who need an overview of long-term memory as it relates to learning and education. It presents the best practices for assessing long-term memory functions, as well as selecting and using evidence-based instructional practices with memory-impaired students. This useful and timely guide bridges theory and practice to provide professional guidance with coverage of: Risk factors that can lead to long-term memory impairments How long-term memory relates to other types of memory The subcomponents and processes of long-term memory and how they relate to academic achievement What is known about the neuroanatomy of how memories are formed The developmental trajectory of memory and learning Common types of memory dysfunction Memory assessment strategies, interventions for memory problems, and instructional practices that support memory Author Milton Dehn draws on his extensive experience as a trainer and workshop presenter, school psychologist, and educator to present both the theory and research on long-term memory in children and adolescents in this book. Specific, step-by-step guidance and hands-on case studies enable professionals to identify how memory can be assessed as well as the interventions that can be linked to the results of the assessment.

Download or read book The Ophthalmoscope written by and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Working Memory and Academic Learning written by Milton J. Dehn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equipping school and child psychologists, and neuropsychologists with critical information on the role of working memory in learning and achievement, Working Memory and Academic Learning offers guidance on assessment tools, interventions, and current evidence-based best practices. Its specific, step-by-step guidance and hands-on case studies enables you to identify how working memory relates to academic attainment and how to apply this knowledge in professional practice.

Download or read book Language Memory and Thought written by John R. Anderson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1976, Language, Memory, and thought is a valuable contribution to the field of Cognitive Psychology. This book presents a theory about human cognitive functioning, a set of experiments testing that theory, and a review of some of the literature relevant to the theory. The theory is embodied in a computer simulation model called ACT.

Download or read book Learning and Memory A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-07 with total page 2517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is the authoritative resource for scientists and students interested in all facets of learning and memory. This updated edition includes chapters that reflect the state-of-the-art of research in this area. Coverage of sleep and memory has been significantly expanded, while neuromodulators in memory processing, neurogenesis and epigenetics are also covered in greater detail. New chapters have been included to reflect the massive increase in research into working memory and the educational relevance of memory research. No other reference work covers so wide a territory and in so much depth. Provides the most comprehensive and authoritative resource available on the study of learning and memory and its mechanisms Incorporates the expertise of over 150 outstanding investigators in the field, providing a ‘one-stop’ resource of reputable information from world-leading scholars with easy cross-referencing of related articles to promote understanding and further research Includes further reading for each chapter that helps readers continue their research Includes a glossary of key terms that is helpful for users who are unfamiliar with neuroscience terminology

Download or read book Subcortical Functions in Language and Memory written by Bruce A. Crosson and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do the thalamus, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain participate in language and memory? Are these anatomic entities involved in regulation of cortical activity, complex information processing, transfer of information between cortical units, motivation, or in other functions? This volume is the first single-authored volume devoted to understanding how deep brain structures participate in language and memory. Addressing a relatively new area of research, the book is unique in two ways. First, it comprehensively covers both language and memory not only with extensive literature reviews, but also with examinations of the anatomy of the structures involved and discussions of theory in light of empirical data. Second, the book takes a systems approach to the topics. In order to produce and understand language or to record and retrieve memories, different parts of the brain must operate as integrated systems. As subcortical structures are parts of these systems, this book endeavors to understand how these phylogenetically older structures contribute to systems responsible for communication and mnestic functions. Designed to facilitate this end, each of the book's sections follows a neuroanatomy--empirical data--theory format. Part I concentrates on the participation (or nonparticipation) of various subcortical structures in language. Rather than attempt to arrive at definitive conclusions, these chapters explore the possibilities suggested by the currently available data. Following a description of the neuroanatomy and a discussion of the data concerning the thalamus and basal ganglia, attention is paid to theories regarding the participation of these structures in language. Part II addresses the thalamus, other diencephalic structures, the basal forebrain, and the basal ganglia regarding their possible roles in memory. The connections between these structures are addressed, as is the relationship between current data on the participation of subcortical structures in memory and current neuropsychological assumptions about memory. The extensive literature on memory in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome and Huntington's disease is culled for insights into what memory processes are subserved by subcortical structures, and memory theory is examined in light of what the subcortical literature reveals about memory. Paving the way for future research that holds the promise of a greater flexibility and complexity than now exists with purely cortical models, this volume will interest clinical and experimental neuropsychologists, cognitive psychologists, behavioral neurologists, speech/language pathologists, and psychiatrists with an interest in behavioral neurology. It also serves as a text for upper level graduate courses covering subcortical functions in cognition, neural systems, and advanced human neuropsychology.

Download or read book The Clinical Diagnosis of Internal Diseases Muscles bones and joints nervous system metabolism written by Lewellys Franklin Barker and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: