Download or read book Membrane Receptors and Enzymes as Targets of Insecticidal Action written by J. Marshall Clark and published by Springer. This book was released on 1986-05-31 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the fundamental concepts of toxicology is that chemicals act at selective receptors and that such interactions result in phar macologic responses which, depending on dose, mayor may not result in toxicity. For us to understand how insecticides produce their toxic effects, we must first understand their molecular interactions with their target receptors. With this in mind, we organized a symposium which was given in conjunction with the XVII International Congress of Entomology in Hamburg on August 21, 1984. The goal of this symposium was to bring together researchers with a wide range of expertise who shared a common interest in the action of insecticides on the insect nervous system. It was decided to restrict the scope of the symposium so that selected topics could be discussed in greater depth. The volume which resulted from this symposium, -Membranes Receptors and Enzymes as Targets of Insecticidal Action-, details a number of bio chemical modes of action of insecticides on the insect nervous system. The volume is divided into two sections; the first dealing with the action of insecticides on the GABA-ch1oride channel complex. This section evolves from a discussion of the symptoms of cyclodiene toxicity presented by Dr. D. E. Woolley, to the structure-activity relationships and pharmacology of the channel complex and is concluded with the extremely interesting work of Dr. C. C. Wang on the action(s) of avermectin at this receptor.
Download or read book Insecticide Action written by J.E. Chambers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intoxication of humans and animals has become increasingly important in recent years as has contamination of the environment by a variety of chemicals. In order to develop effective means by which such intoxication and contamination can be properly handled, it is imperative to know how these environmental agents act in humans and animals. Despite studies conducted by various investigators, the mechanisms of action of these environmental agents have not been fully elucidated. Insecticides are by no means an exception in terms of the seriousness of the problem and of the urgency of the need for such information. In order to complete a picture of the effects of any particular insecticide, it is of utmost importance that its actions at various levels ranging from those of molecules to whole animals be analyzed and synthesized. To understand the toxicological action on animals or humans, it is not sufficient to know the action at each level only. The actions at various levels must be integrated to construct a picture of the toxic effect on the intact organism. However, in spite of the large body of information that has been accumulated during the past few decades, little or no attempt has been made to integrate experimental data obtained at the molecular, cellular, organ, and animal levels together in order to define the whole picture of insecticidal action.
Download or read book Controlled Release Biochemical Effects of Pesticides Inhibition of Plant Pathogenic Fungi written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the middle of the Sixties, new types of formulation for biologically active com pounds have been developed, which have been introduced into the literature under the term Controlled Release Formulations (CRF). Stimulated by results from former and successful pharmaceutical research, which was engaged in the production of prepa rations with protracted effects (introduction onto the market in the year 1952 of D amphetamine in the form of pellets, coated to varying degrees with fats and waxes) 1), experiments were carried out to transfer the prolongation of effectiveness to pesticidal substances also, by means of a depot formulation. Initial work was concerned with the production of protective coatings for sonar systems in marine ecosystems. By means of antifouling paints or rubber coatings containing tri-n-butyl-tin oxide (TBTO), the growth of marine organisms on sonar domes, buoys and hulls in the water could be effectively prevented 2. 3). Controlled release formUlations of pesticides are defined as depot systems which continuously release their toxic constituents into the environment over a specified period of time (usually months to years) 4). According to this definition, such formu lations can be successfully employed where a chronic exposure to biologically active compounds is required over a longer period. The following hypothetical example is intended to illustrate this 5). In Fig. 1, the duration of activity of a non-persistent pesticide with a loss rate under environmental conditions of t1/2 = 15 days, is graphically illustrated.
Download or read book Cockroaches as Models for Neurobiology Applications in Biomedical Research written by Ivan Huber and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cockroaches offer a useful and inexpensive alternative to traditional laboratory animals, yet most researchers are unfamiliar with their biology. This unique and comprehensive cockroach handbook is written for everyone from novice to expert. It addresses every aspect of cockroach biology, with a particular emphasis on the neuroendocrine system. Liberally illustrated chapters include such topics as cockroach culture, anatomy, behavior, and various experimental techniques. One of the few available books to provide broad coverage of the neurobiology of a single organism, this second volume is a must for all researchers in biomedical or veterinary fields, as well as for entomologists.
Download or read book Voltage Gated Sodium Channels written by Peter C. Ruben and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of techniques to study ion channels have been developed since the electrical basis of excitability was first discovered. Ion channel biophysicists have at their disposal a rich and ever-growing array of instruments and reagents to explore the biophysical and structural basis of sodium channel behavior. Armed with these tools, researchers have made increasingly dramatic discoveries about sodium channels, culminating most recently in crystal structures of voltage-gated sodium channels from bacteria. These structures, along with those from other channels, give unprecedented insight into the structural basis of sodium channel function. This volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology will explore sodium channels from the perspectives of their biophysical behavior, their structure, the drugs and toxins with which they are known to interact, acquired and inherited diseases that affect sodium channels and the techniques with which their biophysical and structural properties are studied.
Download or read book Rational Approaches to Structure Activity and Ecotoxicology of Agrochemicals written by Wilfried Draber and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-07-14 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents discussions of the most important aspects in the development of agrochemicals. The book covers such broad areas as structure activity and ecotoxicological analyses in comprehensive reviews for general methods and chronicles for individual examples. Topics in structure-activity relationships include how to combine submolecular structures of pharmacological interests and modify them according to chemorational models with computer-aided procedures such as the traditional Hansch-type QSAR, the sequential, simplex optimization, and molecular modeling. Topics in the ecotoxicology of organo phosphorus compounds are discussed in terms of the quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR). Chronicles of molecular orbital methodology in predicting environmental fates of agrochemicals are also provided. This volume will be invaluable for researchers in the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Download or read book Cockroaches as Models for Neurobiology written by Ivan Huber and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-02-28 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cockroaches offer a useful and inexpensive alternative to traditional laboratory animals, yet most researchers are unfamiliar with their biology. This unique and comprehensive cockroach handbook is written for everyone from novice to expert. It addresses every aspect of cockroach biology, with a particular emphasis on the neuroendocrine system. Liberally illustrated chapters include such topics as cockroach culture, anatomy, behavior, and various experimental techniques. One of the few available books to provide broad coverage of the neurobiology of a single organism, this second volume is a must for all researchers in biomedical or veterinary fields, as well as for entomologists.
Download or read book An Important and Victorious Science written by James Ridsdill-Smith and published by Entomological Society of America. This book was released on 2022-06-13 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every four years, the world’s entomological community gathers to share and debate the latest research and to discuss the challenges facing entomology. This book explores the 100-plus-year history of these meetings, offering a glimpse into the global collaborations and scientific achievements that drove entomology to where it is today and will be tomorrow. Journey across the continents and through this rich history, learning about the people that have helped shape this science and the ways the study of insects has evolved over the years.
Download or read book Biochemical Sites of Insecticide Action and Resistance written by Isaac Ishaaya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years many of the conventional methods of insect control by broad spectrum synthetic chemicals have come under scrutiny because of their unde sirable effects on human health and the environment. In addition, some classes of pesticide chemistry, which generated resistance problems and severely affected the environment, are no longer used. It is against this background that the authors of this book present up-to-date findings-relating to biochemical sites that can serve as targets for developing insecticides with selective prop erties, and as the basis for the elucidation of resistance mechanisms and countermeasures. The book consists of eight chapters relating to biochemical targets for insec ticide action and seven chapters relating to biochemical modes of resistance and countermeasures. The authors of the chapters are world leaders in pesti cide chemistry, biochemical modes of action and mechanisms of resistance. Biochemical sites such as chitin formation, juvenile hormone and ecdysone receptors, acetylcholine and GABA receptors, ion channels, and neuropeptides are potential targets for insecticide action. The progress made in recent years in molecular biology (presented in depth in this volume) has led to the iden tification of genes that confer mechanisms of resistance, such as increased detoxification, decreased penetration and insensitive target sites. A combina tion of factors can lead to potentiation of the resistance level. Classifications of these mechanisms are termed gene amplification, changes in structural genes, and modification of gene expression.
Download or read book Handbook of Organophosphorus Chemistry written by Robert Engel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-06-19 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical work summarizes the development of organophosphorus chemistry in topical areas and details the discipline's current state - providing applications and experimental procedures throughout.;Written by 18 leading authorities in the field, the Handbook of Organophosphorus Chemistry: examines advances in the mechanistic understanding of the Perkow and related organophosphorus reactions; describes methods for the reduction of quinquevalent to trivalent phosphorus and their applications to standard synthetic procedures; emphasizes the preparation of phosphonates bearing hydroxy, amino, and thiol functions at the alpha-position relative to the phosphoryl group; reviews the basics of NMR as it applies to the 31P nucleus, considering the use of the latest measurement techniques in solving structural and mechanistic problems; compares the characteristics of polymer-based and monomeric materials; and presents recent progress in the design of insecticides and covers their chemical and biological characteristics.;Generously referenced with close to 3000 bibliographic citations, the Handbook of Organophosphorus Chemistry is an important volume for organic, medicinal, and agricultural chemists and biochemists; pharmacists; chemical engineers; and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Download or read book Mode of Action and Metabolism of Insecticidal Bicycloorthobenzoates written by Yanli Deng and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aphids on the World s Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs 2 Volume Set written by R. L. Blackman and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2007-01-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aphids are well-known as pests of agriculture, horticulture and forestry, but they are also one of the most biologically interesting groups of plant-feeding insects, and thus have attracted the attention of biologists in many research fields such as ecology, biodiversity, physiology, behaviour and genetics. Following the successful format of previous books on the world's aphids by the same authors, these two volumes provide a comprehensive species-by-species account of the aphids on the world's herbaceous plants and shrubs. They can be used not only as an identification guide and information source for entomologists and taxonomists throughout the world, but also as a unique database for studies of biodiversity and insect-plant relationships. In all, 3120 aphid species in 340 genera are covered, feeding on 2150 genera of host plants. Volume 1 features comprehensive host lists and keys to the aphids colonizing each plant genus. This information is supplemented in Volume 2 by a systematic account of all the aphid species, which provides information on their appearance in life, host range, geographical distribution and life cycles. There are 357 original line drawings, 252 photographs of slide-mounted specimens and 1000 references. Aphids on the World's Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs is the culmination of many years of work by two leading specialists and provides an essential research tool and standard reference work for entomologists in universities and research institutes throughout the world.
Download or read book Neuropharmacology and Pesticide Action written by M. G. Ford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1986 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biorational Control of Arthropod Pests written by Isaac Ishaaya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-28 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly 50 years, pest control was mostly based on broad-spectrum conv- tional insecticides such as organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. However, the severe adverse effects of pesticides on the environment, problems of resistance reaching crisis proportions and public protests led to stricter regulations and legislation aimed at reducing their use. Ways to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides in plant protection and to use more alternative and novel me- ods for pest control or biorational control are the challenges of pest control for the twenty-first century. The term biorational (biological + rational) pesticides can be defined as the use of specific and selective chemicals, often with a unique modes of action, that are compatible with natural enemies and the environment, with minimal effect on n- target organisms. Biorational control is based on a diversity of chemical, biological and physical approaches for controlling insect pests which results in minimum risk to man and the environment.
Download or read book The Journal of Experimental Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 1930 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings in Print written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides written by Simon J. Yu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-03-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book in two decades to address this multi-faceted field, The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides provides the most up-to-date information on insecticide classification, formulation, mode of action, resistance, metabolism, environmental fate, and regulatory legislation. The book draws on the author's groundbreaking research
