Download or read book Membrane Electrodes written by N Lakshminarayanaiah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Electrodes considers the significant developments in the field of sensing probes, with an emphasis on membrane electrodes. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 11 chapters. Part I is an introduction to the variety of ion-selective membrane electrodes that have been constructed and with which experiments have been conducted. This part deals first with the thermodynamic principles and other concepts underlying the description of the behavior of electrolyte solutions, followed by a discussion on the various theories of membrane potential applicable to a variety of solid and liquid membrane electrodes. Part II describes the preparation, properties, and uses of the various solid and liquid membrane electrodes. Part III presents glass membrane electrodes as a prelude to the description of other membrane systems in which glass electrodes are invariably used as the primary sensing device. This book will prove useful to students, technologists, and researchers in various fields of science and technology.
Download or read book The Principles of Ion Selective Electrodes and of Membrane Transport written by W.E. Morf and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Principles of Ion Selective Electrodes and of Membrane Transport is a collection of research works on the theory, principles, and fundamentals of ion-selective electrodes and of membrane transport. This book is organized into two parts encompassing 15 chapters that highlight the application of the membrane model. Part A is a general discussion of membrane potentials and membrane transport. This part describes the formulations of the interfacial potential contribution due to phase boundaries. This part also explores the diffusion potential, the nonideality of diffusion layers or membrane phases, the liquid-junction potential arising in conventional potentiometric measuring cells. Other topics covered in this part include the practical solution for the membrane potential; the ion-transport and the electrical properties of bulk membranes; and the characteristics of lipid bilayer membranes. Part B considers the fundamentals of ion-selective electrodes. This part begins with discussions of the principles, response behavior, ion selectivity, and detection limits of solid-state membrane electrodes. This part also examines several important extensions and modifications of the Sandblom-Eisenman-Walker theory; the characteristics of neutral carrier membrane electrodes; and the theory of glass electrodes.
Download or read book Membrane Electrodes in Drug Substances Analysis written by Vasile V. Cosofret and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Electrodes in Drug-Substances Analysis discusses the analytical control of drugs using ion-selective membrane electrodes. This book is divided into three parts, comprised of 18 chapters organized according to the topics they cover. The first part covers the general aspects of membrane electrodes, which includes topics such as theoretical considerations and the basic characteristics of membrane electrodes. Part II deals with the general methods of analysis using membrane electrodes, and Part III tackles the determination of drug-substances. This book will be of great use to researchers and professionals engaged in drug research.
Download or read book Analytical Electrochemistry written by Joseph Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-24 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The critically acclaimed guide to the principles, techniques, and instruments of electroanalytical chemistry-now expanded and revised Joseph Wang, internationally renowned authority on electroanalytical techniques, thoroughly revises his acclaimed book to reflect the rapid growth the field has experienced in recent years. He substantially expands the theoretical discussion while providing comprehensive coverage of the latest advances through late 1999, introducing such exciting new topics as self-assembled monolayers, DNA biosensors, lab-on-a-chip, detection for capillary electrophoresis, single molecule detection, and sol-gel surface modification. Along with numerous references from the current literature and new worked-out examples, Analytical Electrochemistry, Second Edition offers clear, reader-friendly explanations of the fundamental principles of electrochemical processes as well as important insight into the potential of electroanalysis for problem solving in a wide range of fields, from clinical diagnostics to environmental science. Key topics include: The basics of electrode reactions and the structure of the interfacial region Tools for elucidating electrode reactions and high-resolution surface characterization An overview of finite-current controlled potential techniques Electrochemical instrumentation and electrode materials Principles of potentiometric measurements and ion-selective electrodes Chemical sensors, including biosensors, gas sensors, solid-state devices, and sensor arrays
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrodes in Analytical Chemistry written by Henry Freiser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion-selective electrodes continue to be one of the more excIting developments in electro analytical chemistry in the last 10 years. This is evidenced in the large and continually growing literature in the field. It is important and necessary in such a rapidly growing area to be able to "take stock," i. e. , to present a well-rounded, up-to-date review of important developments. In this volume, reviews by many of the leading practitioners and pioneers in this field contribute to what we consider to be a generous coverage of both fundamental aspects of ion-selective electrodes and their applications to analytical chemistry. Although this volume is not intended to be exhaustive, we have attempted to produce a "stand alone" text dealing with all major current developments. Indeed, since some of the theoretical approaches are not yet universally agreed on, each of the first five chapters deals with theory and principles of the nature and behavior of ion-selective electrodes from the vantage point of the authors' own experience and understanding. In view of the rapid expansion of this field, plans for future volumes are now being formulated. Henry Freiser Tucson, Arizona vii Contents Chapter 1 Theory and Principles of Membrane Electrodes R. P. Buck 1. Potential Generating Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1. Interfaces, Fixed Charges, Charged Sites, and Charge Carriers 1 1. 2. Ion Exchange as a Potential-Generating Process 5 1. 3. Diffusion and Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1. 4. Electrochemical Potentials, Fluxes, and Mobility . . 10 1. 5.
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrodes in Analytical Chemistry written by Henry Freiser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We continue in this second volume the plan evident in the first; i.e., of presenting a number of well-rounded up-to-date reviews of important developments in the exciting field of ion-selective electrodes in analytical chemistry. In this volume, in addition to the exciting applications of ISE'S to biochemistry systems represented by the description of enzyme electrodes, there is featured the most recent development in ISE'S, namely, the joining of the electrochemical and solid state expertise, resulting in CHEMFETS. The scholarly survey of the current status of ISE'S will undoubtedly be welcomed by all workers in the field. Tucson, Arizona Henry Freiser vii Contents Chapter 1 Potentiometric Enzyme Methods Robert K. Kobos 1. Introduction . . . . . . 1 2. Soluble Enzyme Systems . . . 5 2.1. Substrate Determinations 5 2.2. Enzyme Determinations . 13 2.3. Inhibitor Determinations. 18 3. Immobilized Enzyme Systems . 19 3.1. Methods of Immobilization. 19 3.2. Characteristics of Immobilized Enzymes 23 3.3. Analytical Applications with Ion-Selective Electrodes 23 4. Enzyme Electrodes 31 4.1. Urea Electrodes 35 4.2. Amygdalin Electrodes 39 4.3. Glucose Electrodes . 40 4.4. Penicillin Electrodes 40 4.5. Amino Acid Electrodes 41 4.6. Nucleotide Electrodes 46 4.7. Uric Acid Electrode 47 4.8. Creatinine Electrode 48 48 4.9. Acetylcholine Electrodes. 4.10. D-Gluconate Electrode 49 4.11. Lactate Electrode 49 4.12. Inhibitor Determination 50 4.13. Substrate Electrodes 50 4.14. Current Trends . . . .
Download or read book Dynamic Characteristics Of Ion Selective Electrodes written by Erno Lindner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book deals with the principle of the aforementioned techniques and discusses the information they provide for electrode kinetics. Special attention is paid to the activity step method, since this technique is carried out under zero current potentiometric conditions and allows the study of the processes at the perturbed membrane-solution interface.
Download or read book Ion selective Electrodes written by Richard A. Durst and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrodes written by Konstantin N. Mikhelson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-02 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have a wide range of applications in clinical, environmental, food and pharmaceutical analysis as well as further uses in chemistry and life sciences. Based on his profound experience as a researcher in ISEs and a course instructor, the author summarizes current knowledge for advanced teaching and training purposes with a particular focus on ionophore-based ISEs. Coverage includes the basics of measuring with ISEs, essential membrane potential theory and a comprehensive overview of the various classes of ion-selective electrodes. The principles of constructing ISEs are outlined, and the transfer of methods into routine analysis is considered. Advanced students, researchers, and practitioners will benefit from this expedient introduction.
Download or read book Electrochemical Methods in Soil and Water Research written by T.R. Yu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the principles and practices of electrochemical methods as applied to soil and water research, particularly those that can be carried out in the field. Beginning with the basis of potentiometric methods, including electrode potential, principles of potentiometric methods, reference electrodes, liquid-junction potential and characteristics of ion-selective electrodes, the author then proceeds to describe the properties and applications of various types of potentiometric electrodes, including glass, solid-state membrane, liquid-state membrane, oxidation-reduction and gas sensors. A special chapter devoted to commonly encountered problems will aid readers not familiar with potentiometric methods. Voltammetric methods, conductometric methods and electrochemical instruments are also discussed.
Download or read book International Symposium on Selective Ion Sensitive Electrodes written by G. J. Moody and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes contains the plenary lectures presented at the International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes, held in Cardiff, UK on April 9-12, 1973 and organized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The papers explore significant developments concerning selective ion-sensitive electrodes and cover topics ranging from potentiometric gas sensing electrodes to precipitate-based selective ion-sensitive electrodes and mechanistic aspects of ion-selective membrane electrodes. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins by introducing the reader to ion activity scales for use with selective ion-sensitive electrodes. Ion activities in dilute solutions, concentrated solutions, and mixtures of electrolytes are described. Attention then turns to the use of carrier antibiotics and model compounds as components of selective ion-sensitive electrodes. The next chapter focuses on a number of precipitate-based electrodes based for example on mixtures of metal chalcogenides, as well as enzyme electrodes and coated wire electrodes. Their analytical application in the widest sense is reviewed for anions and cations. This book also considers techniques used in elucidating glass, liquid, and crystal membrane electrode operation, along with their possible mechanisms. The final chapter analyzes a number of potentiometric gas sensing electrodes using hydrogen or other ion sensing electrode and a gas permeable membrane. This book will be of interest to students and practitioners of chemistry, biochemistry, and electrochemistry.
Download or read book Working with Ion Selective Electrodes written by K. Cammann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first section introduces the electrochemical nomenclature necessary for under standing the literature on ion-selective electrodes and discusses the general principles behind all electrodes. The second section is concerned with the problems which arise in any accurate elec trode potential measurement in practice. Here the most important reference electrodes are discussed with special reference to their use in conjunction with ion-selective elec trodes. From experience, almost 75% of all problems which arise when working with ion-selective electrodes are on account of the reference electrode. After the reader is aquainted with the basic problems involved, the third section deals with individual ion-selective electrodes; their properties, handling and methods of pre paration. Here the discussion of these electrodes is not arranged according to the spe cies detected, but rather according to the kind of construction, since from this view point characteristic properties are much the same and handling procedures need only be described once for an entire series of similar electrodes. The fourth section discusses amplifiers. Here the problems of high-ohmic EMF meas urements such as noise level, insulation, static charging and ground loops are discussed. The fifth section is devoted to the various evaluation methods. Here a few schemes and examples are provided to indicate optimum practical procedures and the accura cies attainable with the various methods are discussed. The last section describes special set-ups such as clinical flow-thru cells, microelec trodes for measuring intracellular ionic activities, industrial on-line techniques and continuous environmental protection monitors.
Download or read book Ion Selective Electrode Method written by A.K. Covington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intention was to produce a book which perforce would never be far from the laboratory, although CRC‘s use of Handbook in another connection precludes our use of that word in the title.
Download or read book Electrochemistry written by P.H. Rieger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been fashionable to describe electrochemistry as a discipline at the interface between the branches of chemistry and many other sciences. A perusal of the table of contents will affirm that view. Electrochemistry finds applications in all branches of chemistry as well as in biology, biochemistry, and engineering; electrochemistry gives us batteries and fuel cells, electroplating and electrosynthesis, and a host of industrial and technological applications which are barely touched on in this book. However, I will maintain that electrochemistry is really a branch of physical chemistry. Electrochemistry grew out of the same tradition which gave physics the study of electricity and magnetism. The reputed founders of physical chemistry-Arrhenius, Ostwald, and van't Hoff-made many of their contributions in areas which would now be regarded as electrochemistry. With the post-World War II capture of physical chemistry by chemical physicists, electrochemists have tended to retreat into analytical chemistry, thus defining themselves out of a great tradition. G. N. Lewis defined physical chemistry as "the study of that which is interesting." I hope that the readers of this book will find that electrochemistry qualifies.
Download or read book Ion Selective Microelectrodes written by Daniel Ammann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microelectrode technique is today the most widely used method in electrophy siology. Microelectrodes offer a unique approach to measurements of electrical pa rameters and ion activities of single cells. Several important breakthroughs in trans port physiology have arisen from microelectrode studies. Undoubtedly, there is a progressively wide-spread use of conventional and ion-selective microelectrodes. Due to their particular dimension and properties micro electrodes are exclusive ly applied to measurements on living matter. This must have many consequences to my thoughts on experiments with microelectrodes. In this book, my concern is fo cussing on the description of an intracellular method that should lead to reliable in formation on cellular parameters. The methodical basis for any meaningful applica tion is treated extensively. However, technical perfection and accurate results are not the only concern when working on animals and human beings. Rather, my thoughts are governed by the intellectual and moral mastery of the experimental ap proach on living subjects. A measurement with microelectrodes usually necessitates the sacrifice of an ani mal. This is an immense fact, and means that the knowledge gained by the experi ment must justify the death of a living subject.
Download or read book Analytical Instrumentation Handbook written by Jack Cazes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-11-30 with total page 1066 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compiled by the editor of Dekker's distinguished Chromatographic Science series, this reader-friendly reference is as a unique and stand-alone guide for anyone requiring clear instruction on the most frequently utilized analytical instrumentation techniques. More than just a catalog of commercially available instruments, the chapters are wri
Download or read book Applications of Ion selective Membrane Electrodes in Organic Analysis written by George Baiulescu and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
