Download or read book Medieval Mathematics Physics and Philosophy written by and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematics and Its Applications to Science and Natural Philosophy in the Middle Ages written by Edward Grant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-08 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eleven distinguished historians of science explore natural philosophy and mathematics in the Middle Ages.
Download or read book Averroes Physics written by Ruth Glasner and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2009-06-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ruth Glasner presents an illuminating reappraisal of Averroes' physics. She reveals that Averroes changed his interpretation of the basic notions of physics - the structure of corporeal reality and the definition of motion - more than once.
Download or read book Mathematics and the Medieval Ancestry of Physics written by George Molland and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-28 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central theme of this volume lies in the medieval consciousness of mathematics, and the variety of strategies adopted to apply it in other areas, notably natural philosophy. In diachromic terms, Dr Molland considers ways in which ancient mathematics (particularly geometry) was assimilated in the Middle Ages, and how it was radically transformed in the 17th century, especially by Descartes. A pervasive concern is with ideas of scientific progress: the author argues that medieval commentatorial and disputational modes encouraged probing attitudes to existing knowledge, aimed at deepening individual understanding, rather than more aggressive endeavours to advance public knowledge characteristic of later periods. What brought about this change is the subject of several studies here; others form more specifically on individual scholars, in particular the important figure of Roger Bacon.
Download or read book William Heytesbury Medieval Logic and the Rise of Mathematical Physics written by Curtis Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of Continua written by Stewart Shapiro and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical and philosophical thought about continuity has changed considerably over the ages. Aristotle insisted that continuous substances are not composed of points, and that they can only be divided into parts potentially. There is something viscous about the continuous. It is a unified whole. This is in stark contrast with the prevailing contemporary account, which takes a continuum to be composed of an uncountably infinite set of points. This vlume presents a collective study of key ideas and debates within this history. The opening chapters focus on the ancient world, covering the pre-Socratics, Plato, Aristotle, and Alexander. The treatment of the medieval period focuses on a (relatively) recently discovered manuscript, by Bradwardine, and its relation to medieval views before, during, and after Bradwardine's time. In the so-called early modern period, mathematicians developed the calculus and, with that, the rise of infinitesimal techniques, thus transforming the notion of continuity. The main figures treated here include Galileo, Cavalieri, Leibniz, and Kant. In the early party of the nineteenth century, Bolzano was one of the first important mathematicians and philosophers to insist that continua are composed of points, and he made a heroic attempt to come to grips with the underlying issues concerning the infinite. The two figures most responsible for the contemporary orthodoxy regarding continuity are Cantor and Dedekind. Each is treated in an article, investigating their precursors and influences in both mathematics and philosophy. A new chapter then provides a lucid analysis of the work of the mathematician Paul Du Bois-Reymond, to argue for a constructive account of continuity, in opposition to the dominant Dedekind-Cantor account. This leads to consideration of the contributions of Weyl, Brouwer, and Peirce, who once dubbed the notion of continuity "the master-key which . . . unlocks the arcana of philosophy". And we see that later in the twentieth century Whitehead presented a point-free, or gunky, account of continuity, showing how to recover points as a kind of "extensive abstraction". The final four chapters each focus on a more or less contemporary take on continuity that is outside the Dedekind-Cantor hegemony: a predicative approach, accounts that do not take continua to be composed of points, constructive approaches, and non-Archimedean accounts that make essential use of infinitesimals.
Download or read book Science and Thought in the Fifteenth Century written by Lynn Thorndike and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Medieval Philosophy Science and Logic written by Ernest Addison Moody and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution written by Walter Roy Laird and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with a variety of moments in the history of mechanics when conflicts arose within one textual tradition, between different traditions, or between textual traditions and the wider world of practice. Its purpose is to show how the accommodations sometimes made in the course of these conflicts ultimately contributed to the emergence of modern mechanics.
Download or read book A Mathematician s Journeys written by Alexander Jones and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores facets of Otto Neugebauer's career, his impact on the history and practice of mathematics, and the ways in which his legacy has been preserved or transformed in recent decades, looking ahead to the directions in which the study of the history of science will head in the twenty-first century. Neugebauer, more than any other scholar of recent times, shaped the way we perceive premodern science. Through his scholarship and influence on students and collaborators, he inculcated both an approach to historical research on ancient and medieval mathematics and astronomy through precise mathematical and philological study of texts, and a vision of these sciences as systems of knowledge and method that spread outward from the ancient Near Eastern civilizations, crossing cultural boundaries and circulating over a tremendous geographical expanse of the Old World from the Atlantic to India.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy written by Henrik Lagerlund and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-07 with total page 1448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first reference ever devoted to medieval philosophy. It covers all areas of the field from 500-1500 including philosophers, philosophies, key terms and concepts. It also provides analyses of particular theories plus cultural and social contexts.
Download or read book Pythagoras Revived written by Dominic J. O'Meara and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1989-04-20 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pythagorean idea that number is the key to understanding reality inspired Neoplatonist philosophers in the fourth and fifth centuries to develop theories in physics and metaphysics based on mathematical models. The theories produced by this revived interest in Pythagoreanism were to become influential in medieval and early modern philosophy, and this book makes use of some newly-discovered evidence to examine for the first time the development of those theories.
Download or read book Medieval philosophy mathematics and science written by [Anonymus AC03940498] and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages written by Edward Grant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-10-28 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrary to prevailing opinion, the roots of modern science were planted in the ancient and medieval worlds long before the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century. Indeed, that revolution would have been inconceivable without the cumulative antecedent efforts of three great civilisations: Greek, Islamic, and Latin. With the scientific riches it derived by translation from Greco-Islamic sources in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the Christian Latin civilisation of Western Europe began the last leg of the intellectual journey that culminated in a scientific revolution that transformed the world. The factors that produced this unique achievement are found in the way Christianity developed in the West, and in the invention of the university in 1200. As this 1997 study shows, it is no mere coincidence that the origins of modern science and the modern university occurred simultaneously in Western Europe during the late Middle Ages.
Download or read book Essays on Early Medieval Mathematics written by Menso Folkerts and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the mathematics of the medieval West between ca. 500 and 1100, the period before the translations from Arabic and Greek had their impact. Four of the studies appear for the first time in English. Among the topics treated are: the Roman surveyors (agrimensores); recreational mathematics in the period of Bede and Alcuin; geometrical texts compiled in Corbie and Lorraine from Latin sources from late antiquity; the abacus at the time of Gerbert (pope Sylvester II.); and a board-game invented in the first half of the 11th century (the 'Rithmimachia') to help people to learn mathematics. Included in the volume are critical editions of several texts, e.g. that of Franco of Liège on squaring the circle, Bede and Alcuin on recreational mathematics, and part of Pseudo-Boethius' Geometry I. The book opens with a survey of mathematics in the Middle Ages, and ends with a history of Rithmimachia up to the 17th century, when the game fell into disuse.
Download or read book The Absent Image written by Elina Gertsman and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2021-06-24 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2022 Charles Rufus Morey Award from the College Art Association Guided by Aristotelian theories, medieval philosophers believed that nature abhors a vacuum. Medieval art, according to modern scholars, abhors the same. The notion of horror vacui—the fear of empty space—is thus often construed as a definitive feature of Gothic material culture. In The Absent Image, Elina Gertsman argues that Gothic art, in its attempts to grapple with the unrepresentability of the invisible, actively engages emptiness, voids, gaps, holes, and erasures. Exploring complex conversations among medieval philosophy, physics, mathematics, piety, and image-making, Gertsman considers the concept of nothingness in concert with the imaginary, revealing profoundly inventive approaches to emptiness in late medieval visual culture, from ingenious images of the world’s creation ex nihilo to figurations of absence as a replacement for the invisible forces of conception and death. Innovative and challenging, this book will find its primary audience with students and scholars of art, religion, physics, philosophy, and mathematics. It will be particularly welcomed by those interested in phenomenological and cross-disciplinary approaches to the visual culture of the later Middle Ages.
Download or read book The Applicability of Mathematics as a Philosophical Problem written by Mark Steiner and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the different ways mathematics is applicable in the physical sciences, and presents a startling thesis--the success of mathematical physics appears to assign the human mind a special place in the cosmos. Mark Steiner distinguishes among the semantic problems that arise from the use of mathematics in logical deduction; the metaphysical problems that arise from the alleged gap between mathematical objects and the physical world; the descriptive problems that arise from the use of mathematics to describe nature; and the epistemological problems that arise from the use of mathematics to discover those very descriptions. The epistemological problems lead to the thesis about the mind. It is frequently claimed that the universe is indifferent to human goals and values, and therefore, Locke and Peirce, for example, doubted science's ability to discover the laws governing the humanly unobservable. Steiner argues that, on the contrary, these laws were discovered, using manmade mathematical analogies, resulting in an anthropocentric picture of the universe as "user friendly" to human cognition--a challenge to the entrenched dogma of naturalism.
