Download or read book An evolving paradigm of agricultural mechanization development How much can Africa learn from Asia written by Diao, Xinshen, ed. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural mechanization in Africa south of the Sahara — especially for small farms and businesses — requires a new paradigm to meet the needs of the continent’s evolving farming systems. Can Asia, with its recent success in adopting mechanization, offer a model for Africa? An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development analyzes the experiences of eight Asian and five African countries. The authors explore crucial government roles in boosting and supporting mechanization, from import policies to promotion policies to public good policies. Potential approaches presented to facilitating mechanization in Africa include prioritizing market-led hiring services, eliminating distortions, and developing appropriate technologies for the African context. The role of agricultural mechanization within overall agricultural and rural transformation strategies in Africa is also discussed. The book’s recommendations and insights should be useful to national policymakers and the development community, who can adapt this knowledge to local contexts and use it as a foundation for further research.

Download or read book Mechanization in Industry written by Harry Jerome and published by . This book was released on 1934 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Migration Mechanization And Agricultural Labor Markets In Egypt written by Alan Richards and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a long period of stability, Egypt’s agricultural sector experienced sudden change due to the 1973 oil price increases and Anwar Sadat’s Open Door economic policies. Workers left rural Egypt for the cities and high-wage jobs in the oil-exporting countries. The resulting “labor shortage†and rising real wages in agriculture coincided with a

Download or read book Flue cured Tobacco Mechanization and Labor written by Frederic L. Hoff and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agricultural mechanization and gendered labor activities across sectors Micro evidence from multi country farm household data written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender differences in the engagement of work activities across sectors are important elements of gender inequality in rural livelihoods and welfare in developing countries. The role of production technologies, including agricultural mechanization, in addressing gender inequality, is increasingly explored. Knowledge gaps remain, however, including, how agricultural mechanization differentially affect labor engagements across sectors. This study aims to partly fill these knowledge gaps through micro-evidence from 8 countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, India, Nepal, Tajikistan and Vietnam), using several nationally representative panel data and supplementary data, and applying Correlated-Random-Effects Double-Hurdle models with Instrumental-Variables. We find that the use of tractors and/or combine harvesters by the household induces greater shift from farm activities to non-farm activities by female members than by male members. While statistical significance varies, these patterns generally hold consistently across all 8 countries studied. These patterns also seem to hold across different farm sizes. While these are short-term relations, agricultural mechanization proxied by tractor and/or combine harvesters is one of the important contributors to gendered rural livelihood. Future studies should more closely investigate underlying mechanisms and implications of these patterns.

Download or read book Mechanization and the Use of Labor on Farms written by United States. Bureau of Agricultural Economics and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization A Framework for Africa written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This framework presents ten interrelated principles/elements to guide Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization in Africa (SAMA). Further, it presents the technical issues to be considered under SAMA and the options to be analysed at the country and sub regional levels. The ten key elements required in a framework for SAMA are as follows: The analysis in the framework calls for a specific approach, involving learning from other parts of the world where significant transformation of the agricultural mechanization sector has already occurred within a three-to-four decade time frame, and developing policies and programmes to realize Africa’s aspirations of Zero Hunger by 2025. This approach entails the identification and prioritization of relevant and interrelated elements to help countries develop strategies and practical development plans that create synergies in line with their agricultural transformation plans. Given the unique characteristics of each country and the diverse needs of Africa due to the ecological heterogeneity and the wide range of farm sizes, the framework avoids being prescriptive.

Download or read book Mechanization for Rural Development written by Josef Kienzle and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication gives a wide-ranging perspective on the present state of mechanization in the developing world, and, as such, constitutes a solid platform on which to build strategies for a sustainable future. Farm mechanization forms an integral plank in the implementation of sustainable crop production intensification methodologies and sustainable intensification necessarily means that the protection of natural resources and the production of ecosystem services go hand-in-hand with intensified production practices. This requires specific mechanization measures to allow crops to be established with minimum soil disturbance, to allow the soil to be protected under organic cover for as long as possible, and to establish crop rotations and associations to feed the soil and to exploit crop nutrients from various soil horizons. This work is the starting point to help the reader understand the complexities and requirements of the task ahead.

Download or read book Agricultural Mechanization and the Evolution of Farming Systems in Sub Saharan Africa written by Prabhu L. Pingali and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The slow pace of agricultural mechanization in Africa has long been a puzzle. This book begins to solve the puzzle by looking at the conditions in sub-Saharan Africa that have led to only sporadic use of the plow rather than the hand hoe, very limited use of tractors and even oxen, and the failure of many projects seeking to move directly from hand hoes to tractors. The authors interviewed farmers at fifty sites in ten countries. They found that the pace of mechanization has been slow in Africa because it often is not cost effective. Among the issues discussed in the book are : (a) the effect on yields of substituting plows for hoes; (b) the cost-effectiveness of using draft animals as opposed to tractors; (c) conditions under which tractors can be used more efficiently than oxen; and (d) the negative consequences of government interventions to encourage the use of tractors beyond what is economically justified.

Download or read book Progress of Farm Mechanization written by Martin Reese Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Profitability Mechanization and Economies of Scale written by Dudley Jackson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, this book introduces a new concept of profitability, called the 'efficiency rate of profit', which is defined as the ratio between the unit net margin and the unit capital requirement and shows how the efficiency rate of profit may be used in the assessment of mechanization and economies of scale. The book also shows how the efficiency rate of profit relates to the financial opportunity cost of investment, thus resolving the long-standing controversy over 'interest as a cost'. Using real-world plant-level data, the book explains fully the process of mechanization, how increasing returns to scale works at the plant level through power rule relating plant or equipment cost to capacity and how and why it is more cost effective to combine mechanization with expanding the scale of production in one combined 'package' of efficiency improvement.

Download or read book Agricultural Mechanization in Sub Saharan Africa written by Karim Houmy and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The manual work carried out by farmers and their families is often both arduous and time consuming and in many countries this is a major constraint to increasing agricultural production. Such day-to-day drudgery is a major contributoring factor in the migration of people, particularly the young, from the rural countryside to seek the prospect of a better life in the towns and cities. Farm production can be substantially increased through the use of mechanical technologies which both are labor-saving and directly increase yields and production. This document provides guidelines on the development and formulation of an agricultural mechanization strategy and forms part of FAO's approach on sustainable production intensification.

Download or read book Consequences of Small farm Mechanization written by International Rice Research Institute and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1983 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A National Program of Research for Farm Labor and Mechanization written by Joint Task Force of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and the State Universities and Land Grant Colleges and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Automated Mechanized Drilling and Countersinking of Airframes written by George Nicholas Bullen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern aircraft manufacturing involves drilling and countersinking hundreds of thousands to millions of holes. Doing this work by hand accounts for 65% of the cost of airframe assembly, 85% of the quality issues, and 80% of the lost time due to injuries. Automated drilling and countersinking replaces traditional hand methods and involves using numeric control machinery to drill and countersink a finished hole “one shot” (drilling a finished hole without using pilot holes or tool changes). This is a proven cost reducing technology that improves quality where it has been applied successfully. The focus of this book is on automating the process of drilling and countersinking holes during airframe manufacturing. Since this is the area of greatest return on investment for airframe producers, the book provides a stepped approach for evaluating possible areas for applying automation and a detailed description of the process for choosing, acquiring, and transitioning the right machinery for success. It also provides a vision for a 10- to 15-year future state of airframe manufacture. Readers will use the information to: • Understand the evolution of automated/mechanized drilling and countersinking airframes. • Access decision models and matrices to help evaluate the feasibility of applying automation/mechanization to any airframe. • Gain access to a step-by-step procedure to select the right piece of machinery. • Learn the necessary processes for testing and transitioning machinery to production. • Assess and acquire data to evaluate the effect of the process. • Choose and train the right individuals to manage and run the machinery. • Conduct cost benefit analysis models. • Make recommendations for maintenance and spares. • Address socio-economic factors to reconfigure a facility from hand to automated activities. No other book provides such detailed technical, economic, and social information about automating the single largest contributor to airframe cost.

Download or read book Economics of Sugar beet Mechanization in California written by Warren R. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Farm Labor Problem written by J. Edward Taylor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Farm Labor Problem: A Global Perspective explores the unique character of agricultural labor markets and the implications for food production, farm worker welfare and advocacy, and immigration policy. Agricultural labor markets differ from other labor markets in fundamental ways related to seasonality and uncertainty, and they evolve differently than other labor markets as economies develop. We weave economic analysis with the history of agricultural labor markets using data and real-world events. The farm labor history of California and the United States is particularly rich, so it plays a central role in the book, but the book has a global perspective ensuring its relevance to Europe and high-income Asian countries. The chapters in this book provide readers with the basics for understanding how farm labor markets work (labor in agricultural household models, farm labor supply and demand, spatial market equilibria); farm labor and immigration policy; farm labor organizing; farm employment and rural poverty; unionization and the United Farm Workers movement; the Fair Food Program as a new approach to collective bargaining; the declining immigrant farm labor supply; and what economic development in relatively low-income countries portends for the future of agriculture in the United States and other high-income countries. The book concludes with a chapter called "Robots in the Fields," which extrapolates current trends to a perhaps not-so-distant future. The Farm Labor Problem serves as both a guide to policy makers, farmworker advocates and international development organizations and as a textbook for students of agricultural economics and economics. - Describes the unique character of agricultural labor markets providing consequential insights - Contextualizes the economics of agricultural labor with a global perspective - Examines the history of farm labor, immigration, policy and collective bargaining with a view to the future