Download or read book Mechanism of the DNA Polymerase Activity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase written by Jen-Chih Hsieh and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase written by Stuart LeGrice and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reverse Transcriptase (RT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) arguably ranks amongst one of the most extensively studied retroviral enzymes. Heterologous expression and purification of HIV-1 RT in the early eighties, approval of the first nucleoside analogue RT inhibitor (NRTI) in 1987, discovery of resistance to RT inhibitors, approval of the first non-nucleoside analogue RT inhibitor (NNRTI) in 1996 and the various crystal structures of RT with and without bound substrate(s) and/or inhibitors represent only a few of the important milestones that describe the a bench-to-bedside success in the continuing effort to combat HIV-1 infection and its consequences. Nucleoside and nonnucleoside RT inhibitors remain important components in frequently used drug regimens to treat the infection. RT inhibitors also play important roles in recently validated strategies to prevent transmission of the virus. The relevance of HIV-1 RT as a drug target has simultaneously triggered interest in basic research studies aimed at providing a more detailed understanding of interactions between proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecule ligands in general terms. In light of the ever-growing knowledge on structure and function of HIV-1 RT, this enzyme serves as a valuable “model system” in efforts to develop novel experimental tools and to explain biochemical processes. This monograph is designed to provide an overview of important aspects in past and current HIV-1 RT research, with focus on mechanistic aspects and translation of knowledge into drug discovery and development. The first section includes chapters with emphasis placed on the coordination of the RT-associated DNA polymerase and ribonuclease H (RNase H) activities. The second covers mechanisms of action and future perspectives associated with NRTIs and NNRTIs, while the third section includes chapters focusing on novel strategies to target the RT enzyme. Chapters of the final part are intended to discuss mechanisms involved in HIV variability and the development of drug resistance. We hope that these contributions will stimulate interest, and encourage research aimed at the development of novel RT inhibitors. The lack of bona fide RNase H inhibitors with potent antiviral activity provides an example for challenges and opportunities in the field.
Download or read book Reverse Transcriptase written by Anna M. Skalka and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 20 chapters of this volume touch upon virtually all aspects of reverse transcription. The first sections highlight the retroviral enzymes, reviewing many details concerning their formation and function. The later sections discuss reverse transcription in other viruses, genetic elements, and cell
Download or read book HIV 1 Integrase written by Nouri Neamati and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-10 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively covers the mechanisms of action and inhibitor design for HIV-1 integrase. It serves as a resource for scientists facing challenging drug design issues and researchers in antiviral drug discovery. Despite numerous review articles and isolated book chapters dealing with HIV-1 integrase, there has not been a single source for those working to devise anti-AIDS drugs against this promising target. But this book fills that gap and offers a valuable introduction to the field for the interdisciplinary scientists who will need to work together to design drugs that target HIV-1 integrase.
Download or read book Recombinant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptases Activity and Fidelity written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Retroviruses written by Bryan Cullen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to specifically cover the molecular biology of retroviruses - of immense importance since the high profile of HIV. International contributors provide detailed reviews of the latest knowledge. An excellent text for both medical and non-medical researchers, it also serves as an illuminating introduction for scientists active in other areas.
Download or read book The Ribonuclease H of Human Immunodeficiency Virus written by Jen Ron Chiang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book HIV 1 Reverse Transcriptase written by Maryam Ehteshami Akbari and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of AIDS written by Thomas J. Hope and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nucleic Acid Polymerases written by Katsuhiko S. Murakami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a review of the multitude of nucleic acid polymerases, including DNA and RNA polymerases from Archea, Bacteria and Eukaryota, mitochondrial and viral polymerases, and other specialized polymerases such as telomerase, template-independent terminal nucleotidyl transferase and RNA self-replication ribozyme. Although many books cover several different types of polymerases, no book so far has attempted to catalog all nucleic acid polymerases. The goal of this book is to be the top reference work for postgraduate students, postdocs, and principle investigators who study polymerases of all varieties. In other words, this book is for polymerase fans by polymerase fans. Nucleic acid polymerases play a fundamental role in genome replication, maintenance, gene expression and regulation. Throughout evolution these enzymes have been pivotal in transforming life towards RNA self-replicating systems as well as into more stable DNA genomes. These enzymes are generally extremely efficient and accurate in RNA transcription and DNA replication and share common kinetic and structural features. How catalysis can be so amazingly fast without loss of specificity is a question that has intrigued researchers for over 60 years. Certain specialized polymerases that play a critical role in cellular metabolism are used for diverse biotechnological applications and are therefore an essential tool for research.
Download or read book Harnessing the Power of Viruses written by Boriana Marintcheva and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harnessing the Power of Viruses explores the application of scientific knowledge about viruses and their lives to solve practical challenges and further advance molecular sciences, medicine and agriculture. The book contains virus-based tools and approaches in the fields of: i) DNA manipulations in vitro and in vivo; ii) Protein expression and characterization; and iii) Virus- Host interactions as a platform for therapy and biocontrol are discussed. It steers away from traditional views of viruses and technology, focusing instead on viral molecules and molecular processes that enable science to better understand life and offer means for addressing complex biological phenomena that positively influence everyday life. The book is written at an intermediate level and is accessible to novices who are willing to acquire a basic level of understanding of key principles in molecular biology, but is also ideal for advanced readers interested in expanding their biological knowledge to include practical applications of molecular tools derived from viruses. Explores virus-based tools and approaches in DNA manipulation, protein expression and characterization and virus-host interactions Provides a dedicated focus on viral molecules and molecular processes that enable science to better understand life and address complex biological phenomena Includes an overview of modern technologies in biology that were developed using viral components/elements and knowledge about viral processes
Download or read book New Strategies for the Development of Polymerase Active Site Inhibitors of HIV 1 Reverse Transcriptase written by Jean Bernatchez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The reverse transcriptase (RT) of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) displays both DNA- and RNA-dependent polymerase and RNase H activities. The enzyme remains an important target in the design of antiretroviral small molecules; however, the emergence of viral clones resistant to currently approved RT inhibitors complicates the treatment management of the disease, and has driven the search for new small molecules which are not affected by classical resistance pathways. In this work, three separate structural types of investigational inhibitors of RT polymerase activity, each with distinct mechanisms of action, are presented. These include derivatives of mesoxalic acid, the CORK series of compounds, and ganciclovir-triphosphate. Derivatives of mesoxalic acid trap the pre-translocated complex of RT, and have different binding determinants and resistance profiles from the prototypical inhibitor of this class, phosphonoformic acid (PFA).The second group of small molecules discussed herein are nucleotide competing reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NcRTIs), which trap the post-translocated complex of RT and which compete with the natural nucleotide for binding to the enzyme. The CORK series, a structurally-distinct type of NcRTIs, are shown to not be incorporated by the enzyme and to trap the post-translocated state of RT; profiling of the most potent CORK compound, CORK 27, reveals its susceptibility to the multidrug resistance Q151M cluster.The final section discusses how the non-obligate chain terminator ganciclovir-triphosphate (GCV-TP), used in human cyclomegalovirus (HCMV) treatment, acts as a delayed-chain terminator of DNA synthesis by HIV-1 RT. The determinants for GCV-TP inhibition across four different viral polymerase are analyzed for comparative purposes.These studies present three new paths for RT inhibition that are distinct from classical RT inhibitors, and as such represent significant leads for the development of novel treatments against HIV-1." --
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating the Functional Interaction Between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase and Reverse Transcripts and the Mechanism by which Integrase Influences the Early Events of Reverse Transcription written by Charles Warren Dobard and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modified Nucleic Acids written by Kazuhiko Nakatani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-04 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book spans diverse aspects of modified nucleic acids, from chemical synthesis and spectroscopy to in vivo applications, and highlights studies on chemical modifications of the backbone and nucleobases. Topics discussed include fluorescent pyrimidine and purine analogs, enzymatic approaches to the preparation of modified nucleic acids, emission and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for studying nucleic acid structure and dynamics, non-covalent binding of low- and high-MW ligands to nucleic acids and the design of unnatural base pairs. This unique book addresses new developments and is designed for graduate level and professional research purposes.
Download or read book Essentials of Medical Biochemistry written by Chung Eun Ha and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-01-28 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert biochemist N.V. Bhagavan’s new work condenses his successful Medical Biochemistry texts along with numerous case studies, to act as an extensive review and reference guide for both students and experts alike. The research-driven content includes four-color illustrations throughout to develop an understanding of the events and processes that are occurring at both the molecular and macrolecular levels of physiologic regulation, clinical effects, and interactions. Using thorough introductions, end of chapter reviews, fact-filled tables, and related multiple-choice questions, Bhagavan provides the reader with the most condensed yet detailed biochemistry overview available. More than a quick survey, this comprehensive text includes USMLE sample exams from Bhagavan himself, a previous coauthor. Clinical focus emphasizing relevant physiologic and pathophysiologic biochemical concepts Interactive multiple-choice questions to prep for USMLE exams Clinical case studies for understanding basic science, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases Instructional overview figures, flowcharts, and tables to enhance understanding
Download or read book Human Dna Polymerases Biology Medicine And Biotechnology written by Giovanni Maga and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintenance of the information embedded in the genomic DNA sequence is essential for life. DNA polymerases play pivotal roles in the complex processes that maintain genetic integrity. Besides their tasks in vivo, DNA polymerases are the workhorses in numerous biotechnology applications such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cDNA cloning, next generation sequencing, nucleic acids based diagnostics and in techniques to analyze ancient and otherwise damaged DNA (e.g. for forensic applications). Moreover, some diseases are related to DNA polymerase defects and chemotherapy through inhibition of DNA polymerases is used to fight HIV, Herpes and Hepatitis B and C infections. This book focuses on (i) biology of DNA polymerases, (ii) medical aspects of DNA polymerases and (iii) biotechnological applications of DNA polymerases. It is intended for a wide audience from basic scientists, to diagnostic laboratories, to companies and to clinicians, who seek a better understanding and the practical use of these fascinating enzymes.
