Download or read book Mechanics Regulate Stem Cell Differentiation and Tissue Development written by Jonathon M. Muncie and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering functional tissues and organs from stem cells requires simultaneous control over both cell fate and organization of tissue architecture. Cell-generated forces, such as cytoskeletal contractility, traction stresses, and cell-cell tension have long been recognized as critical drivers of tissue morphogenesis; nevertheless, it has remained unclear whether these physical forces also directly regulate cell fate decisions by modulating biochemical signaling pathways. In this work, we demonstrated that human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) cultured on compliant engineered substrates self-organize to form discrete gastrulation nodes that foster mesoderm specification. We identified a mechanism whereby localized high cell-adhesion tension induces mesoderm specification by enhancing Wnt/Îø-catenin signaling, and furthermore, we showed that application of mechanical tension via stretching is sufficient to induce mesoderm specification. Additionally, we demonstrated that cell adhesion proteins and regulators of cytoskeletal contractility control pattern formation in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), independent of cell fate specification. Further, we discovered that a specific Wnt ligand from the niche regulates muscle stem cell (SC) quiescence via Rho signaling that promotes SC contractility. Finally, we developed a novel protocol for performing atomic force microscopy (AFM) on mouse bone marrow to enable characterization of the biophysical properties of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche. Together, these findings underscore the interplay between tissue organization, cell-generated forces, and morphogen-dependent differentiation. This body of work demonstrates that mechanical forces play a direct role in cell fate specification during development and regulate stem cell function in the adult organism.
Download or read book Mechanical and Biological Mechanisms of Regulating Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation written by Anne Kathryn Staples and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of how hMSCs respond to different types of mechanical loading, how this response differs from a traditional growth factor approach of inducing cellular differentiation and how their responsiveness to mechanical stimulation varies with cell differentiation stage are all critical for the successful design of tissue engineering constructs that are optimally organized for a specific mechanical function.
Download or read book Engineering Stem Cells For Tissue Regeneration written by Ngan Huang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue engineering integrates knowledge and tools from biological sciences and engineering for tissue regeneration. A challenge for tissue engineering is to identify appropriate cell sources. The recent advancement of stem cell biology provides enormous opportunities to engineer stem cells for tissue engineering. The impact of stem cell technology on tissue engineering will be revolutionary.This book covers state-of-the-art knowledge on the potential of stem cells for the regeneration of a wide range of tissues and organs, including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, neurological and skin tissues. The technology platforms for studying and engineering stem cells, such as hydrogel and biomaterials development, microfluidics system and microscale patterning, are also illustrated. Regulatory challenges and quality control for clinical translation are also detailed. This book provides an comprehensive update on the advancement in the field of stem cells and regenerative medicine, and serves as a valuable resource for both researchers and students.
Download or read book CELL GEOMETRY written by G. V. SHIVASHANKAR and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-18 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers all aspects of embryonic stem cell differentiation, including mouse embryonic stem cells, mouse embryonic germ cells, monkey and human embryonic stem cells, and gene discovery. * Early commitment steps and generation of chimeric mice* Differentiation to mesoderm derivatives* Gene discovery by manipulation of mouse embryonic stem cells
Download or read book Stem Cells and Extracellular Matrices written by Lakshmi Kiran Chelluri and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells have great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue injury. Regulation of stem cell homeostasis in a 3D microenvironment is controlled by the niche components that influence stem cell fate, regulation, and function. It is therefore necessary to understand the mechanisms of cell-cell interaction, molecular cross talk between stem cells and their extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. The adhesion molecules play a pivotal role in establishing the cell-cell contact and subsequent integration with the ECM. This understanding is the basis for establishing design criteria for biomimetic. The integrated approach by biologists, material science engineers, biomedical engineers, and clinicians is the key in the development of tissue engineered constructs for effective translation to clinics. Table of Contents: Abbreviations / Introduction to Stem Cell Biology and Niche Components / ECM-Structure and Organization / ECM Control, Regulation on Stem Cell Fate and Function / ECM and Stem Cell Cultures / Acknowledgments / Bibliography / Author Biography / Titles of Related Interest
Download or read book Stem Cell Regulators written by Gerald Litwack and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-12-12 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Factors operating in pluripotent cells -- Molecular mediators of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) -- Insulin and germline proliferation in Caenorhabditis -- Generation of mature ß-cells from embryonic stem cells: What are we missing? -- Activation and regulation of reserve liver progenitor cells -- Adult cardiac-derived stem cells: differentiation and survival regulators -- TGF-Beta1 regulates differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells -- Maternal intake of folic acid and neural crest stem cells -- Modulation of the generation of dopaminergic neurons from human neural stem cells by Bcl-XL. Mechanisms of action -- Glucocorticoid hedgehog agonists in neurogenesis -- Effect of progesterone on human mesenchymal stem cells -- Regulation of muscle stem cell activation -- the role of growth factors and extracellular matrix -- Thymosins and muscle regeneration -- Micro RNAs and mesenchymal stem cells -- MicroRNA and vascular smooth muscle cells -- Transforming growth factor beta superfamily in mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal -- The biology of HIFa proteins in cell differentiation and disease -- Regulatory role of Klf5 in early mouse development and in embryonic stem cells -- Bam and Bgcn in Drosophila germ line stem cell differentiation -- The effects of mechanical loading on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and matrix production.
Download or read book Methods of Tissue Engineering written by Anthony Atala and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-10-12 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book combines the tools, experimental protocols, detailed descriptions and know-how for the successful engineering of tissues and organs in one volume.
Download or read book Stem Cells From Basic Research to Therapy written by Federico Calegari and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-07 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume of Stem Cells deals with the fundamental principles that govern embryonic and somatic stem cell biology. Historically, the identification and characterization of such pathways and general rules of stemness occurred during embryonic development and Volume I reflects this with topics spanning cell cycle regulation, epigenetics, and asymmetric cell division in a number of organ systems from planarian to human. Three specific sections discuss i) Basic Stem Cell Biology, ii) Tissue Formation During Development, and iii) Model Organisms with particular emphasis on those more relevant for biomedical research and, thus, leading to the topics addressed in Volume II.
Download or read book In Situ Tissue Regeneration written by Sang Jin Lee and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-17 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Situ Tissue Regeneration: Host Cell Recruitment and Biomaterial Design explores the body’s ability to mobilize endogenous stem cells to the site of injury and details the latest strategies developed for inducing and supporting the body’s own regenerating capacity. From the perspective of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, this book describes the mechanism of host cell recruitment, cell sourcing, cellular and molecular roles in cell differentiation, navigational cues and niche signals, and a tissue-specific smart biomaterial system that can be applied to a wide range of therapies. The work is divided into four sections to provide a thorough overview and helpful hints for future discoveries: endogenous cell sources; biochemical and physical cues; smart biomaterial development; and applications. Explores the body’s ability to mobilize endogenous stem cells to the site of injury Details the latest strategies developed for inducing and supporting the body’s own regenerating capacity Presents smart biomaterials in cell-based tissue engineering applications—from the cell level to applications—in the first unified volume Features chapter authors and editors who are authorities in this emerging field Prioritizes a discussion of the future direction of smart biomaterials for in situ tissue regeneration, which will affect an emerging and lucrative industry
Download or read book Stem Cells Handbook written by Stewart Sell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-10-22 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The power of stem cells for tissue development, regeneration, and renewal has been well known by embryologists and developmental biologists for many years. Those presently active in research in the stem cell field owe much to previous work by embryologists and cancer researchers for their insights into what stem cells can do. In the last 4- 5 years, the rapid expansion of the concept of adult tissue stem cells as pluripotent progenitors for various tissues has led to an even greater appreciation of the power of stem cells. The demonstration that both embryonic and adult tissue stem cells have the ability to produce progenitor cells for tissue renewal has opened vast possibilities for treatment of congenital deficiency diseases as well as for regeneration of damaged tissues. Older concepts of determination leading to loss of potential during differentiation of adult tissues are being replaced by newer ideas that cells with multiple potential exist in different forms in various adult organs and that cells thought to be restricted to differentiation to one cell type may be able to "transdifferentiate" into other tissue cell types. Thus, the concept of "embryonic rests" in adult tissues, hypothesized to be the cellular origin of cancer by Durante and Conheim in the 1870s, now can be expanded to include survival of pluripotential embryonic-like stem cells in adult tissues.
Download or read book Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells written by Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-04 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells appear to be fundamental cellular units associated with the origin of multicellular organisms and have evolved to function in safeguarding the cellular homeostasis in organ t- sues. The characteristics of stem cells that distinguish them from other cells have been the fascinating subjects of stem cell research. The important properties of stem cells, such as ma- tenance of quiescence, self-renewal capacity, and differentiation potential, have propelled this exciting ?eld and presently form a common theme of research in developmental biology and medicine. The derivation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, the prospective identi?cation of multipotent adult stem cells, and, more recently, the induced pluripotent stem cells (popularly called iPS) are important milestones in the arena of stem cell biology. Complex networks of transcription factors, different signaling molecules, and the interaction of genetic and epi- netic events constantly modulate stem cell behavior to evoke programming and reprogramming processes in normal tissue homeostasis during development. In any given cellular scenario, the regulatory networks can pose considerable complexity and yet exert an orderly control of stem cell differentiation during normal development. An aberration in these ?nely tuned processes during development usually results in a spectrum of diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders. Thisunderscorestheimminentneedforamorecompleteunderstandingofmolecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory circuitries required for stem cell maintenance. Overthepast3–5years,adiversegroupofbenchandphysicianscientistshaveprospectively enhanced our knowledge of stem cell biology. These studies are unveiling many unrecognized or previously unknown fundamentals of developmental biology.
Download or read book Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences written by Ajaykumar Vishwakarma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences bridges the gap left by many tissue engineering and stem cell biology titles to highlight the significance of translational research in this field in the medical sciences. It compiles basic developmental biology with keen focus on cell and matrix biology, stem cells with relevance to tissue engineering biomaterials including nanotechnology and current applications in various disciplines of dental sciences; viz., periodontology, endodontics, oral & craniofacial surgery, dental implantology, orthodontics & dentofacial orthopedics, organ engineering and transplant medicine. In addition, it covers research ethics, laws and industrial pitfalls that are of particular importance for the future production of tissue constructs. Tissue Engineering is an interdisciplinary field of biomedical research, which combines life, engineering and materials sciences, to progress the maintenance, repair and replacement of diseased and damaged tissues. This ever-emerging area of research applies an understanding of normal tissue physiology to develop novel biomaterial, acellular and cell-based technologies for clinical and non-clinical applications. As evident in numerous medical disciplines, tissue engineering strategies are now being increasingly developed and evaluated as potential routine therapies for oral and craniofacial tissue repair and regeneration. Diligently covers all the aspects related to stem cell biology and tissue engineering in dental sciences: basic science, research, clinical application and commercialization Provides detailed descriptions of new, modern technologies, fabrication techniques employed in the fields of stem cells, biomaterials and tissue engineering research including details of latest advances in nanotechnology Includes a description of stem cell biology with details focused on oral and craniofacial stem cells and their potential research application throughout medicine Print book is available and black and white, and the ebook is in full color
Download or read book Stem Cells written by Nicole Arrighi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem Cells: Therapeutic Innovations under Control traces the discovery of stem cells and induced pluripotent cells. It establishes the link between knowledge about cell development and tissue engineering, and presents perspectives in regenerative medicine. Cell proliferation and tissue architecture open up unexpected applications in tissue engineering, with the development of tissues or organs. In this context emerges the need to address the issue of bioethics and regulatory considerations. Because stem cells can multiply and differentiate into cells specific to a particular tissue or organ, they represent vast potential in the health field. Traces the discovery of stem cells to link knowledge of cell development with tissue engineering Presents prospects in regenerative medicine Establishes the link between knowledge about cell development and tissue engineering
Download or read book Developmental Biology and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering written by Martin J. Stoddart and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental Biology and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering: Principles and Applications focuses on the regeneration of orthopedic tissue, drawing upon expertise from developmental biologists specializing in orthopedic tissues and tissue engineers who have used and applied developmental biology approaches. Musculoskeletal tissues have an inherently poor repair capacity, and thus biologically-based treatments that can recapitulate the native tissue properties are desirable. Cell- and tissue-based therapies are gaining ground, but basic principles still need to be addressed to ensure successful development of clinical treatments. Written as a source of information for practitioners and those with a nascent interest, it provides background information and state-of-the-art solutions and technologies. Recent developments in orthopedic tissue engineering have sought to recapitulate developmental processes for tissue repair and regeneration, and such developmental-biology based approaches are also likely to be extremely amenable for use with more primitive stem cells. Brings the fields of tissue engineering and developmental biology together to explore the potential for regenerative medicine-based research to contribute to enhanced clinical outcomes Initial chapters provide an outline of the development of the musculoskeletal system in general, and later chapters focus on specific tissues Addresses the effect of mechanical forces on the musculoskeletal system during development and the relevance of these processes to tissue engineering Discusses the role of genes in the development of musculoskeletal tissues and their potential use in tissue engineering Describes how developmental biology is being used to influence and guide tissue engineering approaches for cartilage, bone, disc, and tendon repair
Download or read book Mechanisms of Differentiation written by Paul B. Fisher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-09-20 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant recent advances in cell culture technology now permit a detailed biochemical and molecular analysis of differentiation in both normal and tumor cells. These studies are important in attempting to understand the complex factors involved in normal growth and development, as well as the abnormalities associated with carcinogenesis. Mechanisms of Differentiation, Volumes I and II, is comprised of review chapters addressing various topics of current interest in this important area of research. Topics discussed include genes controlling differentiation, changes in gene expression during differentiation, induction of differentiation, induction of differentiation as a mode of action of chemotherapeutic agents, and the effect of cell shape, growth factors and differentiation modulating agents on the differentiated cell phenotype. Mechanisms of Differentiation is valuable to researchers involved in differentiation and development, carcinogenesis, cell biology, chemotherapy, and immunology.
Download or read book Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Volume 138, the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Includes the latest information on stem cell proliferation and differentiation
