Download or read book Mechanical Properties and Structure of Alpha keratin Fibres written by Max Feughelman and published by UNSW Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical properties of wool, hair and other alpha-keratin fibres represent the most important physical properties for which these fibres are used, whether this be in the manufacture of textile garments, reshaping human hair, or in the alignment of fibres in paint brushes.
Download or read book Structural and Mechanical Properties of Alpha keratin Fibers written by Yang Yu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding on the mechanical behavior of [alpha]-keratin broadens our knowledge in biological materials science. In this study, the hierarchical organization is studied from the intermediate filament to the structural levels. The effects of strain rate, relative humidity, and temperature are evaluated. Human hair exhibits a high tensile strength, which is significantly dependent on strain rate and humidity. The strain-rate sensitivity is comparable to that of other keratinous materials. One distinguishing feature, the unwinding of the [alpha]-helices and the possible transformation to [beta]-sheet structure of keratin under tension, is analytically evaluated and incorporated into a constitutive equation. The contributions of elastic and plastic strains on reloading are evaluated and correlated to structural changes. The dynamic mechanical response over a range of frequencies and temperatures is analyzed. The [alpha]-keratin fibers behave more elastically at higher frequencies while they become more viscous at higher temperatures. The stress relaxation behavior of [alpha]-keratin fibers is established and fit to a constitutive relaxation equation based on the Maxwell-Wiechert model. The two relaxation constants are connected to two hierarchical levels of relaxation: the amorphous matrix-intermediate filaments interfaces, for the short term, and the cellular components for the long term. Results of creep testing provide important knowledge on the uncoiling and phase transformation of the [alpha]-helical structure as hair is uniaxially stretched. As the hairs are chemically treated, they exhibit a similar strain-rate sensitivity of ~0.05, which is attributed to the intermediate filaments. As a result, the strain-rate sensitivity of human hair is reduced by half, while that of horse hair remains unchanged. FTIR data confirms that the human hair is more sensitive to the -S-S- cleavage, resulting in an increase of cysteic acid. Therefore, the disulfide bonds in the matrix are experimentally identified as one source of the strain-rate sensitivity and viscoelasticity in [alpha]-keratin fibers. In addition to human and horse hair that comprise the primary goal of this investigation, boar, giraffe, elephant, and bear hair were tested in tension, to establish the mechanisms of deformation and failure. In spite of differences in strength attributed to the condition of the hair, no significant changes were observed.
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Keratin Fibres written by Max Feughelman and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Tensile Properties of Textile and Technical Fibres written by A. R. Bunsell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-19 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fibres usually experience tensile loads whether they are used for apparel or technical structures. Their form, which is long and fine, makes them some of the strongest materials available as well as very flexible. This book provides a concise and authoritative overview of tensile behaviour of a wide range of both natural and synthetic fibres used both in textiles and high performance materials. After preliminary chapters that introduce the reader to tensile properties, failure and testing of fibres, the book is split into two parts. Part one examines tensile properties and failure of natural fibres, such as cotton, hemp, wool and silk. Part two discusses the tensile properties and failure of synthetic fibres ranging from polyamide, polyester and polyethylene fibres to carbon fibres. Many chapters also provide a general background to the fibre, including the manufacture, microstructure, factors that affect tensile properties as well as methods to improve tensile failure. With its distinguished editor and array of international contributors, Handbook of tensile properties of textile and technical fibres is an important reference for fibre scientists, textile technologists and engineers, as well as those in academia. Provides an overview of tensile behaviour of a wide range of both natural and synthetic fibres Examines tensile characterisitics, tensile failure of textiles fibres and factors that affect tensile properties Discusses mircostructures and each type of fibre from manufacture to finished product
Download or read book Handbook of Textile Fibre Structure written by Stephen Eichhorn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their complexity and diversity, understanding the structure of textile fibres is of key importance. This authoritative two-volume collection provides a comprehensive review of the structure of an extensive range of textile fibres.Volume 2 begins by reviewing natural fibres such as cellulosic, cotton, protein, wool and silk fibres. Part two considers regenerated cellulosic, protein, alginate, chitin and chitosan fibres. The final part of the book discusses inorganic fibres such as glass, carbon and ceramic fibres as well as specialist fibres such as thermally and chemically-resistant fibres, optical and hollow fibres. Chapters review how fibre structure contributes to key mechanical properties. A companion volume reviews the structure of manufactured polymer fibres.Edited by leading authorities on the subject and with a team of international authors, the two volumes of the Handbook of textile fibre structure is an essential reference for textile technologists, fibre scientists, textile engineers and those in academia. - Discusses how fibre structure contributes to key mechanical properties - Reviews natural fibres such as cellulosic, cotton and silk fibres and considers various regenerated fibres - Examines inorganic fibres including glass and carbon as well as specialist fibres such as chemically-resistant and optical fibres
Download or read book Chemical and Physical Behavior of Human Hair written by Clarence R. Robbins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human hair is the subject of a wide range of scientific investigations. Its chemical and physical properties are of importance to the cosmetics industry, forensic scientists, and to biomedical researchers. This updated and enlarged fourth edition continues the tradition of its predecessor as being the definitive monograph on the subject. It now contains new information on various topics including: chemical hair damage, the cause of dandruff, skin and eye irritation, hair straightening, and others. Chemical and Physical Behavior of Human Hair is a teaching guide and reference volume for cosmetic chemists and other scientists in the hair products industry, academic researchers studying hair and hair growth, textile scientists, and forensic specialists.
Download or read book Handbook of Properties of Textile and Technical Fibres written by A. R. Bunsell and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 1054 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Properties of Textile and Technical Fibres, Second Edition introduces tensile properties and failure and testing of fibers, also examining tensile properties and the failure of natural fibers, such as cotton, hemp, flax, agave, wool and silk. Next, the book discusses the tensile properties and failure of synthetic fibers, ranging from polyamide, polyester, polyethylene and carbon fibers. Chapters provide a general background of the fiber, including its manufacture, microstructure, factors that affect tensile properties and methods to improve tensile failure. With its distinguished editor and international contributors, this book is an important reference for fiber scientists, textile technologists, engineers and academics. - Offers up-to-date coverage of new and advanced materials for the fiber and textile industries - Reviews structure-property relationships of high-performance natural, synthetic polymer and inorganic fibers - Offers a range of perspectives on the tensile properties of fibers from an international team of authors with diverse expertise in academic research and in textile development and manufacture
Download or read book Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology written by André O. Barel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a team of experienced and internationally renowned contributors, the updated Third Edition is the standard reference for cosmetic chemists and dermatologists seeking the latest innovations and technology for the formulation, design, testing, use, and production of cosmetic products for skin, hair, and nails.New features in the Third Editi
Download or read book International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology written by Kwang W. Jeon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Review of Cell & Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology--both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. - Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field - Provides up-to-date information and directions for future research - Valuable reference material for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professional scientists
Download or read book Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology Fourth Edition written by André O. Barel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-09 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experienced and internationally renowned contributors, this is the fourth edition of what has become the standard reference for cosmetic scientists and dermatologists seeking the latest innovations and technology for the formulation, design, testing, use, and production of cosmetic products for skin, hair, and nails. New to this fourth edition are chapters on dermatocosmetic vehicles, surface film, causes and measurement of skin aging, make-up products, skin healing, cosmetics in sports, cosmetotextiles, nutricosmetics, natural ingredients, cosmeceuticals, and regulatory vigilance.
Download or read book Wool written by W S Simpson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-05-09 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book leading experts within the industry come together to give the first comprehensive treatments of the science and technology of wool to be published in over 20 years.The wool industry has been through a period of substantial change, with a major overhaul of trading methods, exciting innovations in wool-scouring and wool processing methods, and the development of modern technology reflecting a strong emphasis on environmental concerns and energy conservation. Research into wool science has continued to grow, and the technologist now has a better understanding of both the chemical and the physical properties of wool. Modern instruments can determine the structural differences between several types of wool proteins and how they interact, and this knowledge is leading to a deeper understanding of what can be done to create better products and more effective processes.Wool: Science and technology is an essential reference resource for anyone involved in the worldwide wool industry whether as processor, manufacturer, or user for the garment and carpets trades. - First new comprehensive treatment of wool for over 20 years - Covers all aspects of processing, treatment and manufacture - Contributions form distinguished experts worldwide
Download or read book Wool Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites written by Sabu Thomas and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-08-01 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wool Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites is an in-depth and practical exploration of wool-based composites, covering everything from the morphology of wool fiber to the industrial applications of wool composites. Wool has emerged in the top position for this role because of its unique characteristics. While fine wool is too costly for many such applications, coarse wool of greater than 35 microns fiber length is globally under-utilized. This pioneering book describes every form of wool composite, woven, nonwoven, felt and fiber, including different fabrication methods. In unique detail, the international team of expert contributors describe the morphology, structure and properties of wool, methods for the chemical modification of wool, different forms of wool-polymer composites, and many exciting emerging applications. - Provides technical details on a wide range of applications of wool-fiber polymer composites, including in construction and medicine - Draws on an interdisciplinary panel of experts from fields such as textiles, polymer science and chemistry to create a guide for readers of all backgrounds - Describes wool characterization techniques in detail
Download or read book Keratin as a Protein Biopolymer written by Swati Sharma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information about the sources, structure, and properties of keratin as well as its applications. The extraction from different biomass sources (e.g. feathers, hairs, nails, horn, hoof, and claws) as well as the characterization methods of these extracted materials are explained. The development of bioproducts from keratins is challenging and limited since they are neither soluble in polar solvents nor in non-polar solvents. Therefore, the utilization of different microorganisms for the degradation of keratin is also discussed. The main aim of this book is to highlight the unique features of keratin and to update readers with the possible prospects to develop various value-added products from keratins. The book is highly interesting to researchers working in industry and academia on bioproducts, tissue engineering, biocomposites, biofilm, and biofibers.
Download or read book Fibers for Technical Textiles written by Sheraz Ahmad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the properties of fibres used in manufacturing technical textiles, highlighting the importance of material selection in terms of cost, end-user requirements and properties. It also discusses the classification of technical textiles, and describes the details of each category, such as the properties, applications, advantages and drawbacks. As such, it is a valuable resource for all those interested in advanced textiles.
Download or read book Chemical and Physical Behavior of Human Hair written by Clarence R. Robbins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human hair is the subject of a remarkably wide range of scientific investigations. Its chemical and physical properties are of importance to the cosmetics industry, forensic scientists and to biomedical researchers. The fifth edition of this book confirms its position as the definitive monograph on the subject. Previous editions were recognized as “concise and thorough” (Journal of the American Chemical Society), “an invaluable resource” (Canadian Forensic Science Society Journal), and “highly recommended” (Textile Research Journal). Chemical and Physical Behavior of Human Hair is a teaching guide and reference volume for cosmetic chemists and other scientists in the hair products industry, academic researchers studying hair and hair growth, textile scientists and forensic specialists. Features of the Fifth Edition: Recent advances in the classification and characterization of the different proteins and genes in IF and keratin associated proteins in human hair are described. The mechanism and incidence of hair growth and loss and hair density vs. age of males & females are described for Asians, Caucasians and Africans in different scalp regions. Details of hair surface lipids and cuticle membranes provide a better understanding of the surface and organization of the CMC and its involvement in stress strain is presented. Recent evidence demonstrates a more bilateral structure in curly hair and a more concentric arrangement of different cortical proteins in straighter hair. SNPs involved in hair form (curl and coarseness) and pigmentation and genes in alopecia and hair abnormalities are described. The latest biosynthetic scheme for hair pigments and structures for these and the different response of red versus brown-black pigments to photodegradation is described. A new method for curvature on 2,400 persons from different countries and groups is used to assign curvature throughout this book. Additional data for age and effects on diameter, ellipticity, elastic modulus, break stress and other parameters are presented with much larger data sets featuring statistical analyses. Hair conditioning, strength, breakage, split ends, flyaway, shine, combing ease, body, style retention, manageability and feel parameters are defined and described. A new section of different life stages by age groups considering collective and individual changes in hair fiber properties with age and how these affect assembly properties.
Download or read book Non Invasive Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Dermatology written by Enzo Berardesca and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive but compact guide to the latest technical and technological developments in the growing field of non invasive diagnosis in clinical dermatology. Information is provided on the practical and technical characteristics of a wide range of equipment and methods for in vivo measurements that aid in the investigation of skin function, the evaluation of topically applied products and the monitoring of skin disease. Individual sections are devoted to imaging techniques, skin analysis, superficial skin analysis, skin mechanics, water and stratum corneum hydration and erythema and blood flow. All of the authors are experts in the field, with detailed knowledge of the techniques they describe. Non Invasive Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Dermatology will be of value for all dermatologists, whether they are engaged in delivering patient care or in research programs, for cosmetic scientists and for biologists involved in skin research and product assessment.
Download or read book Modelling and Predicting Textile Behaviour written by Xiaogang Chen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The textile industry can experience a vast array of problems. Modelling represents a group of techniques that have been widely used to explore the nature of these problems, it can highlight the mechanisms involved and lead to predictions of the textile behaviour. This book provides an overview of how textile modelling techniques can be used successfully within the textile industry for solving various problems.The first group of chapters reviews the different types of models and methods available for predicting textile structures and behaviour. Chapters include modelling of yarn, woven and nonwoven materials. The second group of chapters presents a selection of case studies, expressing the strengths and limitations and how various models are applied in specific applications. Case studies such as modelling colour properties for textiles and modelling, simulation and control of textile dyeing are discussed.With its distinguished editor and international range of contributors, Modelling and predicting textile behaviour is essential reading material for textile technologists, fibre scientists and textile engineers. It will also be beneficial for academics researching this important area. - Provides an overview of the different types of models and methods that can be used successfully within the textile industry - Reviews the structural hierarchy in textile materials fundamental to the modelling of textile fibrous structures - Assesses the strengths and weaknesses of different textile models and how specific models are applied in different situations
