Download or read book Measuring Recreational Visitation at U S National Parks with Crowd sourced Photographs written by Carrie Sessions and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land managers rely on visitation data to inform policy and management decisions. However, visitation data is often costly and burdensome to obtain, and provides a limited depth of information. In this paper, we assess the validity of using crowd-sourced, online photographs to infer information about the habits and preferences of recreational visitors by comparing empirical data from the National Park Service to photograph data from the online platform Flickr for 38 National Parks in the western United States. Using multiple regression analysis, we find that the number of photos posted monthly in a park can reliably indicate the number of visitors to a park in a given month. Through additional statistical testing we also find that the home locations of photo-takers, provided voluntarily on an online profile, accurately show the home origins of park visitors. Together, these findings validate a new method for measuring recreational visitation, opening an opportunity for land managers worldwide to track and understand visitation by augmenting current data collection methods with crowd-sourced, online data that is easy and inexpensive to obtain. In addition, it enables future research on how visitation rates change with changes in access, management or infrastructure, weather events, or ecosystem health, and facilitates valuation research, such as travel cost studies.
Download or read book Measuring Recreational Visitation with Crowd sourced Photographs written by Caroline Sessions and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the age of big data and internet social media sites, there are myriad opportunities for researchers to leverage crowd-sourced online data for research purposes. One such opportunity is the possibility of using photos posted online to infer information about visitors to recreational areas. In this paper, I assess the validity of using data from photos posted on the website Flickr to infer information about visitors to National Parks in the Western United States. By comparing the photo data to statistics published by the National Park Service (NPS), I examine the relationship between the two datasets and if used properly, whether the photos can yield similar information to that provided by the Park Service. I address two aspects of visitor use data: the number of people visiting a park and where those visitors reside. Together, researchers can use these two datasets in conducting travel cost studies to estimate the economic recreational value of a site. Using multiple regression analysis, I build a statistical model whereby I can infer the count of visitors to a park in a given month through the number of photos posted online. Overall, I find that a one percent increase in "photo-user-days" corresponds to a 0.65 percent increase in NPS visitation, holding all else constant. To evaluate the validity of using photos to infer visitor's home origins, I compare information from photo-taker's profiles to survey data provided by the NPS. I find that the photos give an accurate big-picture view of visitor origins and moreover, provide an accurate view of the distance that visitors live from the park. Using findings from my analyses, I estimate the travel costs incurred by in-state visitors to reach Mount Rainier National Park in 2012. Using data from the NPS, I find in-state visitors incur an average cost of $61.38 per person and a total cost of 36.31 million US dollars across all visitors. Using the photo data, I estimate the average cost incurred is $58.90 per person, with a total cost of 37.20 million US dollars (95% CI 29.32-45.01 million). This finding shows that the photo data can produce a strikingly similar economic estimate to those obtained by more traditional methods. The ability to accurately infer visitor use information with photos has the potential to reduce costs for land managers and opens new opportunities for research on the recreational value of lands. As visitor use information is expensive and time-consuming to obtain, this method has significant potential to save time and money for the Park Service. In addition, other land managers and researchers can apply this method to evaluate visitation to remote or hard-to-measure locations that currently lack detailed visitor use data. Overall, this work represents a crucial first step in evaluating a new and exciting means to measure recreational use value.
Download or read book Visitors count written by Federal Agency for Nature Conservation and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metropolitan Research written by Jens Martin Gurr and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metropolitan research requires multidisciplinary perspectives in order to do justice to the complexities of metropolitan regions. This volume provides a scholarly and accessible overview of key methods and approaches in metropolitan research from a uniquely broad range of disciplines including architectural history, art history, heritage conservation, literary and cultural studies, spatial planning and planning theory, geoinformatics, urban sociology, economic geography, operations research, technology studies, transport planning, aquatic ecosystems research and urban epidemiology. It is this scope of disciplinary - and increasingly also interdisciplinary - approaches that allows metropolitan research to address recent societal challenges of urban life, such as mobility, health, diversity or sustainability.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Geospatial Technologies and Society written by Alexander J. Kent and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-08-17 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Geospatial Technologies and Society provides a relevant and comprehensive reference point for research and practice in this dynamic field. It offers detailed explanations of geospatial technologies and provides critical reviews and appraisals of their application in society within international and multi-disciplinary contexts as agents of change. The ability of geospatial data to transform knowledge in contemporary and future societies forms an important theme running throughout the entire volume. Contributors reflect on the changing role of geospatial technologies in society and highlight new applications that represent transformative directions in society and point towards new horizons. Furthermore, they encourage dialogue across disciplines to bring new theoretical perspectives on geospatial technologies, from neurology to heritage studies. The international contributions from leading scholars and influential practitioners that constitute the Handbook provide a wealth of critical examples of these technologies as agents of change in societies around the globe. The book will appeal to advanced undergraduates and practitioners interested or engaged in their application worldwide.
Download or read book Fieldwork for Social Research written by Richard Phillips and published by SAGE Publications Limited. This book was released on 2023-11-08 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A step-by-step introduction to successful fieldwork, this guide will help you to plan, design, conduct and share your research. Packed with practical tools and real-world examples, it includes: · Field-tested checklists for each stage of your research · A glossary with key, highlighted terms · Postcards from fieldwork experts providing global case studies · Further reading that expands social theory into applied research · Advice on effective virtual research within digital and hybrid settings as well face-to face fieldwork. Clear, pragmatic, and multidisciplinary, this is the perfect book to open your eyes, ears, and minds to the world of fieldwork.
Download or read book Contemporary Landscape Performance Methods and Techniques written by Galen Newman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-14 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book defines, illustrates, applies, and explores current and future tools and methods for measuring landscape performance using the Houston Arboretum and Nature Center (HANC) as a case site, providing the most extensive, comprehensive description and application of existing landscape performance tools in the current literature to date. Landscape performance is a measure of the effectiveness with which landscape solutions fulfill their intended purpose and contribute to sustainability. The design of the HANC is a prime case for measuring landscape performance as the site has undergone a pervasive transformation of its 65-acre core as an initial phase of improvements. The massive six-year effort has reconfigured arrival, circulation, and parking, developed new educational facilities, constructed a network of walks and trails, and established sustainable ecologies of prairie, savannah, riparian woods, and upland woods across the northern half of its property. This book uses landscape performance as an integral method of not only blending science into the design process but using scientific outputs as the rationale for design-decision-making. Through this, the book showcases a multitude of proven quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods which can be applied to other designs and plans, calculating their specific impacts on the HANC, and guiding readers through how to use each tool through an applied process. This book provides a comprehensive set of tools and approaches to measuring landscape performance that could be used as a guide for other projects to replicate or expand upon. The book helps move the design professions beyond simple stereotypes of simple beauty of form, showcasing and describing how the design professions (primarily landscape architecture) are an extremely scientific and evidence-based industry.
Download or read book Ecosystem Services and Green Infrastructure written by Andrea Arcidiacono and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-19 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyses the relationship between ecosystem services, green and blue infrastructures (GBI) and spatial planning in Italy. It provides insights on the opportunities and challenges in the adoption of an ecosystem services (ES)-based approach for Spatial Planning exploring methods and techniques for the design of GBI strategies. Nowadays, there is an advance in ES knowledge and a recognition of the benefits of GBI for the quality of human life and biodiversity conservation. The main challenge remains how this knowledge could be integrated into the planning process and how it could guide the decision-making process towards sustainable development for contemporary cities. The book collects innovative Italian experiences providing important considerations for operationalizing the ES concept and highlighting different disciplinary attitudes and methodological approaches with the common goal to enhance human well-being.
Download or read book Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2022 written by Jason L. Stienmetz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the proceedings of the International Federation for IT and Travel & Tourism (IFITT)’s 29th Annual International eTourism Conference, which assembles the latest research presented at the ENTER2022 conference, which will be held on January 11–14, 2022. The book provides an extensive overview of how information and communication technologies can be used to develop tourism and hospitality. It covers the latest research on various topics within the field, including augmented and virtual reality, website development, social media use, e-learning, big data, analytics, and recommendation systems. The readers will gain insights and ideas on how information and communication technologies can be used in tourism and hospitality. Academics working in the eTourism field, as well as students and practitioners, will find up-to-date information on the status of research.
Download or read book Recreational Uses of Coastal Areas written by P. Fabbri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human clustering in coastal areas The coastal zone has gained a solid reputation as a place vocated for recreational activities and this is generally related to the presence of the sea. The relationship, however, does not appear univocal or simple: the sea can be perceived as a hostile element by humans and the more general question of whether the presence of the shore is in itself a favourable, repulsive, or irrelevant factor to settlement is a debatable point, at least for pre-industrial societies. Back in the early part of the 19th century, Friedrich Hegel regarded oceans and rivers as unifying elements rather than dividing ones, thus implying a trend towards the concentration of human settlements along them. 'The sea', he wrote, 'stimulates 1 courage and conquest, as well as profit and plunder', although he realized that this did not equally apply to all maritime peoples. In Hegel's view, different approaches to the sea were mainly the results of cultural factors and, in fact, he recognized that some people living in coastal areas perceive the sea as a dangerous and alien place and the shore as aftnis terrae.
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies written by Daria Gritsenko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access handbook presents a multidisciplinary and multifaceted perspective on how the ‘digital’ is simultaneously changing Russia and the research methods scholars use to study Russia. It provides a critical update on how Russian society, politics, economy, and culture are reconfigured in the context of ubiquitous connectivity and accounts for the political and societal responses to digitalization. In addition, it answers practical and methodological questions in handling Russian data and a wide array of digital methods. The volume makes a timely intervention in our understanding of the changing field of Russian Studies and is an essential guide for scholars, advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying Russia today.
Download or read book Nature based Tourism in Peripheral Areas written by Colin Michael Hall and published by Channel View Publications. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature-based Tourism in Peripheral Areas provides a comprehensive examination of this form of tourism development as it occurs within alpine, forest, sub-polar, island, coastal and marine environments. This book goes beyond much of the debate surrounding ecotourism and the impacts of tourism in vulnerable environments to place nature-based tourism in a wider regional context, particularly when for many peripheral regions tourism remains one of the key opportunities for economic development. Therefore, a central theme that is present throughout many of the chapters is the role that nature-based tourism can play as the catalyst for larger regional development of regions. The book will serve as essential reading to senior undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in tourism and related degrees where the major focus is on tourism that occurs within peripheral regions. It will also serve as a key reference to researchers and professionals interested in the role of tourism as a regional development tool.
Download or read book Multimodality written by John Bateman and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides the first foundational introduction to the practice of analysing multimodality, covering the full breadth of media and situations in which multimodality needs to be a concern. Readers learn via use cases how to approach any multimodal situation and to derive their own specifically tailored sets of methods for conducting and evaluating analyses. Extensive references and critical discussion of existing approaches from many disciplines and in each of the multimodal domains addressed are provided. The authors adopt a problem-oriented perspective throughout, showing how an appropriate foundation for understanding multimodality as a phenomenon can be used to derive strong methodological guidance for analysis as well as supporting the adoption and combination of appropriate theoretical tools. Theoretical positions found in the literature are consequently always related back to the purposes of analysis rather than being promoted as valuable in their own right. By these means the book establishes the necessary theoretical foundations to engage productively with today’s increasingly complex combinations of multimodal artefacts and performances of all kinds.
Download or read book National Park Visitation written by Matthew Alec Stowers and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Park Service was established by the Organic Act of 1916 with the purpose of managing the 0́crown jewels' of the American landscape, the National Parks, along with other unique sites for their scenic, environmental, cultural, or historical significance. Today, there are 59 National Parks and over 400 total NPS units, which received over 330 million recreation visits in 2016. This thesis uses first difference regression models on panel data to estimate the relative effect on National Park attendance of several determinants of demand. The regression results are used to forecast future attendance, and a benefit transfer method is used to estimate the consumer surplus produced by visits. The results show that the two most important determinants of demand are gasoline prices, which act as a proxy for travel costs, and the number of U.S residents aged 65 or older. Implications of these findings are also explored below.
Download or read book Management Policies written by United States. National Park Service and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Outdoor Recreation written by Robert E. Manning and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to integrate the social science literature on outdoor recreation has been completely updated to reflect current research and new concerns. The book is a standard text in courses and an invaluable reference for park and recreation managers.
Download or read book Estimating Number of Visitors to National Forest Campgrounds written by Larry W. Tombaugh and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
