Download or read book Measurements of the B0 anti B0 Oscillation Frequency in Hadronic B Decays written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Measurement of B0 Anti B0 Oscillations Using Fully reconstructed Hadronic B Decays at BaBar written by Benjamin Paul Brau and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flavor oscillations of neutral B mesons have been studied with e+e- annihilation data collected at center of mass energies near the [gamma](4S) at the PEP-II asymmetric collider with the BABAR detector. One B0 is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay to a flavor eigenstate. The flavor of the other B in the event is determined using an inclusive tagging algorithm which exploits the correlations between the flavor of the b quark and the charges of its decay products. By fitting the decay-time distribution of the observed mixed and unmixed final states, the oscillation frequency, [Delta]md, is determined to be 0.516 +/- 0.016 (stat.) +/- 0.010 (syst.) ps-l.

Download or read book Measurement of B0 anti B0 Flavor Oscillations in Hadronic B0 Decays written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flavor oscillations of neutral B mesons have been studied in e[sup+]e[sup -] annihilation data collected with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies near the[Upsilon](4S) resonance. The data sample used for this purpose consists of events in which one B[sup 0] meson is reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode, while the flavor of the recoiling B[sup 0] is determined with a tagging algorithm that exploits the correlation between the flavor of the heavy quark and the charges of its decay products. From the time development of the observed mixed and unmixed final states we determine the B[sup 0]-[bar B][sup 0] oscillation frequency[Delta]m[sub d] to be 0.516[+-] 0.016(stat)[+-] 0.010(syst) ps[sup -1].

Download or read book A Measurement of B0 Anti B0 Oscillations Using Fully Reconstructed Hadronic B Decays at BABAR written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flavor oscillations of neutral B mesons have been studied with e[sup +]e[sup -] annihilation data collected at center of mass energies near the [Upsilon](4S) at the PEP-II asymmetric collider with the BABAR detector. One B[sup 0] is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay to a flavor eigenstate. The flavor of the other B in the event is determined using an inclusive tagging algorithm which exploits the correlations between the flavor of the b quark and the charges of its decay products. By fitting the decay-time distribution of the observed mixed and unmixed final states, the oscillation frequency, [Delta]m[sub d], is determined to be 0.516 [+-] 0.016(stat.) [+-] 0.010(syst.) ps[sup -1].

Download or read book Measurement of the B0 s Anti B0 s Oscillation Frequency written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present the first measurement of the B{sub s}°-{bar B}{sub s}° oscillation frequency [Delta]m{sub s}. They use 1 fb−1 of data from p{bar p} collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The sample contains signals of 3600 fully reconstructed hadronic B{sub s} decays and 37,000 partially reconstructed semileptonic B{sub s} decays. They measure the probability as a function of proper decay time that the B{sub s} decays with the same, or opposite, flavor as the flavor at production and they find a signal consistent with B{sub s}°-{bar B}{sub s}° oscillations. The probability that random fluctuations could produce a comparable signal is 0.2%. Under the hypothesis that the signal is due to B{sub s}°-{bar B}{sub s}° oscillations, they measure [Delta]m{sub s} = 17.31{sub -0.18}{sup +0.33}(stat.) ± 0.07(syst.) ps−1 and determine.

Download or read book Measurement of the B0 anti B0 Oscillation Frequency with Inclusive Dilepton Events written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The B[sup 0]-[bar B][sup 0] oscillation frequency has been measured with a sample of 23 million B[bar B] pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. In this sample, we select events in which both B mesons decay semileptonically and use the charge of the leptons to identify the flavor of each B meson. A simultaneous fit to the decay time difference distributions for opposite- and same-sign dilepton events gives[Delta]m[sub d]= 0.493[+-] 0.012 (stat)[+-] 0.009 (syst) ps[sup -1].

Download or read book Simultaneous Measurement of the B0 Meson Lifetime and Mixing Frequency with B0 D 1 Nu Decays written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We measure the B° lifetime [tau]{sub b°} and the B°-{bar B}° oscillation frequency [Delta]m{sub d} with a sample of approximately 14,000 exclusively reconstructed B{sup 0} 2!D*− l [nu]{sub {ell}} signal events, selected from 23 million B{bar B} pairs recorded at the [Upsilon](4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The decay position of the other B is determined with the remaining tracks in the event, and its b-quark flavor at the time of decay is determined with a tagging algorithm that exploits the correlation between the flavor of the b-quark and the charges of its decay products. The lifetime and oscillation frequency are measured simultaneously with an unbinned maximum-likelihood ([Delta]t) that uses, for each event, the measured difference in decay times of the two B mesons ([Delta]t), the calculated uncertainty on [Delta]t, the signal and background probabilities, and b-quark tagging information for the other B. The results are [tau]{sub B{sup 0}} = (1.523{sub -0.023}{sup +0.024} ± 0.022) ps and [Delta]m{sub d} = (0.492 ± 0.018 ± 0.013) ps−1.

Download or read book B Decays written by Sheldon Stone and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2nd edition is an extensive update of "B Decays?. The revisions are necessary because of the extensive amount of new data and new theoretical ideas. This book reviews what is known about b-quark decays and also looks at what can be learned in the future.The importance of this research area is increasing, as evidenced by the approval of the luminosity upgrade for CESR and the asymmetric B factories at SLAC and KEK, and the possibility of experiments at hadron colliders.The key experimental observations made thus far, measurement of the lifetimes of the different B species, B0-B0 mixing, the discovery of ?Penguin? mediated decays, and the extraction of the CKM matrix elements Vub and Vcb from semileptonic decays, as well as more mundane results, are described in great detail by the experimentalists who have been closely involved with making the measurements. Theoretical progress in understanding b-quark decays using HQET and lattice gauge techniques are described by theorists who have developed and used these techniques.Synthesizing the experimental and theoretical information, several articles discuss the implications for the ?Standard Model? and how further tests can be done using measurements of CP violation in the B system.

Download or read book Simultaneous Measurement of the B0 Meson Lifetime and Mixing Frequency with B0 D L NU sub L Decays written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We measure the B° lifetime [tau]{sub B°} and the B°-{bar B}° oscillation frequency [Delta]m{sub d} with a sample of approximately 14,000 exclusively reconstructed B{sup 0} 2!D*− l [nu]{sub {ell}} signal events, selected from 23 million B{bar B} pairs recorded at the [Upsilon](4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The b-quark .avor of the other B at the time of decay and its decay position are determined inclusively. The lifetime and oscillation frequency are measured simultaneously with an unbinned maximum-likelihood fit that uses, for each event, the measured difference in B decay times ([Delta]t), the calculated uncertainty on [Delta]t, the signal and background probabilities, and b-quark tagging information for the other B. The preliminary results are [tau]{sub B{sup 0}} = (1.523{sub -0.023}{sup +0.024} ± 0.022) ps and [Delta]m{sub d} = (0.492 ± 0.018 ± 0.013) ps−1. The statistical correlation coefficient between [tau]{sub B{sup 0}} and [Delta]m{sub d} is -0.22.

Download or read book Observation of B0 s Anti B0 s Oscillations written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors report the observation of B{sub s}°-{bar B}{sub s}° oscillations from a time-dependent measurement of the B{sub s}°-{bar B}{sub s}° oscillation frequency [Delta]m{sub s}. Using a data sample of 1 fb−1 of p{bar p} collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, they find signals of 5600 fully reconstructed hadronic B{sub s} decays, 3100 partially reconstructed hadronic B{sub s} decays, and 61,500 partially reconstructed semileptonic B{sub s} decays. They measure the probability as a function of proper decay time that the B{sub s} decays with the same, or opposite, flavor as the flavor at production, and they find a signal for B{sub s}°-{bar B}{sub s}° oscillations. The probability that random fluctuations could produce a comparable signal is 8 x 10−8, which exceeds 5[sigma] significance. They measure [Delta]m{sub s} = 17.77 ± 0.10(stat) ± 0.07(syst) ps−1 and extract.

Download or read book A SEARCH FOR TIME DEPENDENT B0 S ANTI B0 S OSCILLATIONS USING EXCLUSIVELY RECONSTRUCTED D S MESONS written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A search for B[sub s][sup 0]-[bar B][sub s][sup 0] oscillations is performed using a sample of 400,000 hadronic Z[sup 0] decays collected by the SLD experiment. The B[sub s][sup 0] candidates are reconstructed in the B[sub s][sup 0][yields] D[sub s][sup -] X channel with D[sub s][sup -][yields][phi][pi][sup -], K*[sup 0] K[sup -]. The B[sub s][sup 0] production flavor is determined using the large forward-backward asymmetry of polarized Z[sup 0][yields] b[bar b] decays and charge information in the hemisphere opposite that of the B[sub s][sup 0] candidate. The decay flavor is tagged by the charge of the D[sub s][sup[+-]]. From a sample of 361 candidates with an average B[sub s][sup 0] purity of 40%, we exclude the following values of the oscillation frequency:[Delta]m[sub s]

Download or read book A Measurement of the CP Parameter Sin2 Using Fully Reconstructed B Cc Decays at the BaBar Experiment written by Eric Charles and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement of the B0 Lifetime and Oscillation Frequency Using Partially Reconstructed B0 D l vl Decays written by Marcello Rotondo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Discovery in Physics written by Katharina Morik and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine learning is part of Artificial Intelligence since its beginning. Certainly, not learning would only allow the perfect being to show intelligent behavior. All others, be it humans or machines, need to learn in order to enhance their capabilities. In the eighties of the last century, learning from examples and modeling human learning strategies have been investigated in concert. The formal statistical basis of many learning methods has been put forward later on and is still an integral part of machine learning. Neural networks have always been in the toolbox of methods. Integrating all the pre-processing, exploitation of kernel functions, and transformation steps of a machine learning process into the architecture of a deep neural network increased the performance of this model type considerably. Modern machine learning is challenged on the one hand by the amount of data and on the other hand by the demand of real-time inference. This leads to an interest in computing architectures and modern processors. For a long time, the machine learning research could take the von-Neumann architecture for granted. All algorithms were designed for the classical CPU. Issues of implementation on a particular architecture have been ignored. This is no longer possible. The time for independently investigating machine learning and computational architecture is over. Computing architecture has experienced a similarly rampant development from mainframe or personal computers in the last century to now very large compute clusters on the one hand and ubiquitous computing of embedded systems in the Internet of Things on the other hand. Cyber-physical systems’ sensors produce a huge amount of streaming data which need to be stored and analyzed. Their actuators need to react in real-time. This clearly establishes a close connection with machine learning. Cyber-physical systems and systems in the Internet of Things consist of diverse components, heterogeneous both in hard- and software. Modern multi-core systems, graphic processors, memory technologies and hardware-software codesign offer opportunities for better implementations of machine learning models. Machine learning and embedded systems together now form a field of research which tackles leading edge problems in machine learning, algorithm engineering, and embedded systems. Machine learning today needs to make the resource demands of learning and inference meet the resource constraints of used computer architecture and platforms. A large variety of algorithms for the same learning method and, moreover, diverse implementations of an algorithm for particular computing architectures optimize learning with respect to resource efficiency while keeping some guarantees of accuracy. The trade-off between a decreased energy consumption and an increased error rate, to just give an example, needs to be theoretically shown for training a model and the model inference. Pruning and quantization are ways of reducing the resource requirements by either compressing or approximating the model. In addition to memory and energy consumption, timeliness is an important issue, since many embedded systems are integrated into large products that interact with the physical world. If the results are delivered too late, they may have become useless. As a result, real-time guarantees are needed for such systems. To efficiently utilize the available resources, e.g., processing power, memory, and accelerators, with respect to response time, energy consumption, and power dissipation, different scheduling algorithms and resource management strategies need to be developed. This book series addresses machine learning under resource constraints as well as the application of the described methods in various domains of science and engineering. Turning big data into smart data requires many steps of data analysis: methods for extracting and selecting features, filtering and cleaning the data, joining heterogeneous sources, aggregating the data, and learning predictions need to scale up. The algorithms are challenged on the one hand by high-throughput data, gigantic data sets like in astrophysics, on the other hand by high dimensions like in genetic data. Resource constraints are given by the relation between the demands for processing the data and the capacity of the computing machinery. The resources are runtime, memory, communication, and energy. Novel machine learning algorithms are optimized with regard to minimal resource consumption. Moreover, learned predictions are applied to program executions in order to save resources. The three books will have the following subtopics: Volume 1: Machine Learning under Resource Constraints - Fundamentals Volume 2: Machine Learning and Physics under Resource Constraints - Discovery Volume 3: Machine Learning under Resource Constraints - Applications Volume 2 is about machine learning for knowledge discovery in particle and astroparticle physics. Their instruments, e.g., particle accelerators or telescopes, gather petabytes of data. Here, machine learning is necessary not only to process the vast amounts of data and to detect the relevant examples efficiently, but also as part of the knowledge discovery process itself. The physical knowledge is encoded in simulations that are used to train the machine learning models. At the same time, the interpretation of the learned models serves to expand the physical knowledge. This results in a cycle of theory enhancement supported by machine learning.

Download or read book A Measurement of BO Anti Bo Oscillations Using Fully Reconstructed Hadronic B Decays at BaBar written by Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and published by . This book was released on with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to the Standard Model written by Stuart Raby and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-08 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops a practical understanding of the theoretical concepts required to understand the Standard Model for a two-semester graduate course.

Download or read book Measurement of the Bs Anti Bs Oscillation Frequency Using Semileptonic Decays written by Vivek Tiwari and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: