Download or read book Measurements of Optical Properties of Particulates in an Arid Region written by John A. Reagan and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol extinction profiles and aerosol extinction-to-back-scatter ratio, S(a), values have been determined for numerous days over the period May, 1979 to May, 1982 in Tucson, AZ via slant-path lidar measurements. These results have been analyzed to obtain a model aerosol extinction profile and a model S(a) value. The model extinction profile is characterized by rapidly, nearly linearly decreasing extinction through a 3km mixing layer (decreasing from 0.018/km at 200 m to 0.003/km at 3km), and a much more slowly decreasing extinction above the mixing layer. The mixing layer optical depth is about 0.04, and the optical depth to the maximum observation height (19km) is about 0.07. The inverse variance weighted S(a) value is about 25, and the majority of the S(a) determinations fell between 20 and 35. A limited number of cooperative lidar and balloon-borne cascade impactor measurements were also made to investigate aerosol size distribution and refractive index properties and their effects on the lidar observations. Impactor measurements yielded size distributions that were generally similar in shape, the distributions being perturbed Junge types with a dominance of coarse mode particles causing a bulge in the distributions in the large particle range.
Download or read book In Situ Measurements of Optical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Using the Georgia Tech Laser Polar Nephelometer written by Gerald William Grams and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optical Effects Associated with Small Particles written by Peter W. Barber and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1988 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of review articles by scientists who have pioneered many of the recent advances in studies of the optical effects of small particles. The book begins with a review of the multitude of sharp dielectric resonances which exist in all optical spectra as a result of particle size and shape. Latest advances in absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of a single particle and/or an ensemble of particles are also discussed, as well as advances in the energy transfer mechanisms for molecules embedded in the particle. The effects of laser-induced heating on a single particle are reviewed in terms of the hydrodynamics and thermodynamics of the liquid droplet and its ambient gas surrounding. The limits of applying bulk optical constants to small particles which lie between the bulk substance and the quantum-sized substance are also presented.
Download or read book Measurements of the Chemical Physical and Optical Properties of Single Aerosol Particles written by Ryan Christopher Moffet and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of aerosol physical, chemical, optical properties is essential for judging the effect that particulates have on human health, climate and visibility. The aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) is capable of measuring, in real-time, the size and chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols. This was exemplified by the recent deployments of the ATOFMS to Mexico City and Riverside. The ATOFMS provided rapid information about the major particle types present in the atmosphere. Industrial sources of particles, such as fine mode particles containing lead, zinc and chloride were detected in Mexico City. The rapid time response of the ATOFMS was also exploited to characterize a coarse particle concentrator used in human health effects studies. The ATOFMS showed the ability to detect changes in particle composition with a time resolution of 15 min during short 2 hour human exposure studies.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Aerosol Optical Properties and Particle Size Distributions on the East Coast of the United States as Derived from Airborne in Situ and MISR Remote Sensing Measurements written by David R. Reidmiller and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosols Their Optical Properties and Effects written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 3183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Remote Sensing, Nine Volume Set covers all aspects of the topic, with each volume edited by well-known scientists and contributed to by frontier researchers. It is a comprehensive resource that will benefit both students and researchers who want to further their understanding in this discipline. The field of remote sensing has quadrupled in size in the past two decades, and increasingly draws in individuals working in a diverse set of disciplines ranging from geographers, oceanographers, and meteorologists, to physicists and computer scientists. Researchers from a variety of backgrounds are now accessing remote sensing data, creating an urgent need for a one-stop reference work that can comprehensively document the development of remote sensing, from the basic principles, modeling and practical algorithms, to various applications. Fully comprehensive coverage of this rapidly growing discipline, giving readers a detailed overview of all aspects of Remote Sensing principles and applications Contains ‘Layered content’, with each article beginning with the basics and then moving on to more complex concepts Ideal for advanced undergraduates and academic researchers Includes case studies that illustrate the practical application of remote sensing principles, further enhancing understanding
Download or read book Modeling of the Optical Properties of Nonspherical Particles in the Atmosphere written by Guang Chen and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The single scattering properties of atmospheric particles are fundamental to radiative simulations and remote sensing applications. In this study, an efficient technique, namely, the pseudo-spectral time-domain (PSTD) method which was first developed to study acoustic wave propagation, is applied to the scattering of light by nonspherical particles with small and moderate size. Five different methods are used to discretize Maxwell's equations in the time domain. The perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition is employed in the present simulation for eliminating spurious wave propagations caused by the spectral method. A 3-D PSTD code has been developed on the basis of the five aforementioned discretization methods. These methods provide essentially the same solutions in both absorptive and nonabsorptive cases. In this study, the applicability of the PSTD method is investigated in comparison with the Mie theory and the T-matrix method. The effects of size parameter and refractive index on simulation accuracy are discussed. It is shown that the PSTD method is quite accurate when it is applied to the scattering of light by spherical and nonspherical particles, if the spatial resolution is properly selected. Accurate solutions can also be obtained from the PSTD method for size parameter of 80 or refractive index of 2.0+j0. Six ice crystal habits are defined for the PSTD computational code. The PSTD results are compared with the results acquired from the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method at size parameter 20. The PSTD method is about 8-10 times more efficient than the conventional FDTD method with similar accuracy. In this study, the PSTD is also applied to the computation of the phase functions of ice crystals with a size parameter of 50. Furthermore, the PSTD, the FDTD, and T-matrix methods are applied to the study of the optical properties of horizontally oriented ice crystals. Three numerical schemes for averaging horizontal orientations are developed in this study. The feasibility of using equivalent circular cylinders as surrogates of hexagonal prisms is discussed. The horizontally oriented hexagonal plates and the equivalent circular cylinders have similar optical properties when the size parameter is in the region about from 10 to 40. Otherwise, the results of the two geometries are substantially different.
Download or read book Research in Progress written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Size Distribution Chemical Composition and Optical Properties of Atmospheric Dust in Israel A Comparison of Urban and Desert Aerosols Under Clear and Dusty Conditions written by Zev Levin and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of aerosol size distributions, chemical composition and optical properties were carried out at two locations in Israel. Tel Aviv was chosen as an urban region and Mitzpe Ramon as a desert region. The measurements indicate that the size spectra between 0.15 - 12 micrometers can be approximated by a power law type distribution. The spectra in Tel Aviv show higher concentrations and greater slopes than those from the desert. Diurnal variations between day and night are observed in the size distribution of the summertime measurements in Tel Aviv. These are believed to be related to the increase in aerosol size due to absorption of water vapor during high relative humidity periods. The chemical composition in Tel Aviv was found to strongly depend on the meteorological conditions. The optical measurements also suggest strong differences between Tel Aviv and the desert. Filter samples of atmospheric particulate matter from Tel Aviv always appeared darker than those from the desert site. Measurements of imaginary refractive index in the 0.3 to 1.7 micrometer spectral region are presented. These measurements are consistently higher by a factor of 2 to 4 in Tel Aviv as compared to simultaneous samples from the desert site. Seasonal variations have also been observed and are believed to be primarily related to temperature inversions near or at the ground during the winter months and to the effect of pollution from Southern Europe which is carried eastward by synoptic scale motion.
Download or read book Cavity Enhanced Spectroscopy Methods for Measurement of Optical Properties of Aerosol Particles written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research in Progress written by United States. Army Research Office and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1977- consist of two parts: Chemistry, biological sciences, engineering sciences, metallurgy and materials science (issued in the spring); and Physics, electronics, mathematics, geosciences (issued in the fall).
Download or read book Measurements of Aerosol Optical Properties as a Part of the GAMETAG Program written by Gerald William Grams and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Morphology Dependent Optical Properties of Mixed Organic Inorganic Aerosol Particles written by Kristin Di Monte and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Light extinction by atmospheric aerosol particles and their interactions with water are heavily dependent on their chemical composition, morphology, and mixing state. Both properties are crucial for determining the impact aerosol particles have on our climate. Since light extinction directly impacts visibility as well as climate, measurements of the extinction at varying relative humidities (RH) are needed in order to improve climate models. In this work we have measured the relative humidity dependence of aerosol light extinction and water uptake at 643 nm for particles of varying ammonium sulfate/organic compositions. Internal as well as external mixtures of levoglucosan, sucrose, and adipic acid with ammonium sulfate are investigated using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). Optical growth factor (fRH) and hygroscopicity parameters ([kappa]) are reported for each aerosol system.
Download or read book Environmental Toxicants written by Morton Lippmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 1029 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Updated Reference on Human Exposure to Environmental Toxicants and A Study of Their Impact on Public Health With the 4th edition of Environmental Toxicants: Human Exposures and Their Health Effects, readers have access to up-to-date information on the study and science of environmental toxicology and public health worldwide. Practitioners and professionals can use this resource to understand newly discovered information on the adverse health effects of toxins and pollutants in air, water, and occupational and environmental environments on large human populations. The 4th edition of this book is updated to reflect new knowledge and research on: ● Performing risk assessments on exposed individuals ● Assessing the effects of toxicants and substances on large populations for health and medical professionals ● Patterns of human exposure to select chemical toxicants ● World Trade Center dust, agents for chemical terrorism, and nanoparticles For health professionals, including health authorities, public health officials, physicians, and industrial managers, who are seeking new research and techniques for managing environmental substances, this invaluable reference will guide you through in a thorough, easy- to-read manner.
Download or read book Leaf Optical Properties written by Stéphane Jacquemoud and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents state-of-the-art research into leaf interactions with light, for scientists working in remote sensing, plant physiology, ecology and resource management.
